噪音对儿童认知能力的影响:系统回顾

IF 5.2 2区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Environment and Behavior Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI:10.1177/00139165241245823
Flavia Gheller, Gaia Spicciarelli, Pietro Scimemi, Barbara Arfé
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引用次数: 0

摘要

噪音可能会影响注意力、学习和执行功能。特别是对儿童而言,声学条件不足造成的非听觉后果令人严重关切。本系统性综述研究了 26 项调查噪声对小学生认知和学习成绩影响的研究证据。综述研究表明,语言噪音会严重影响儿童的言语工作记忆。同时,非语言环境噪声似乎会明显影响学习成绩,尤其是阅读成绩。其他类型的非语言噪音甚至会提高儿童的认知能力,但仅限于注意力不集中的儿童。然而,只有少数研究比较了语言噪音和非语言噪音的影响,或探讨了噪音对各种认知任务的影响。最后,评估发展影响的横向和纵向研究也很缺乏。总之,这种稀缺性限制了就噪声对儿童认知和学习能力的影响得出可靠结论的能力。
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The Effects of Noise on Children’s Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review
Noise exposure may interfere with concentration, learning, and executive functions. In children, in particular, the non-auditory consequences of acoustically inadequate conditions are a serious concern. This systematic review examined the evidence from 26 studies investigating the effects of noise on primary school children’s cognitive and academic performance. The reviewed studies show that speech noise significantly impairs children’s verbal working memory. Meanwhile, non-speech environmental noise appears to notably affect academic performance, particularly in reading. Other types of non-speech noise may, instead, even improve the cognitive performance of children, although only for children with low attentional skills. However, only a few studies have compared the impacts of speech and non-speech noise or explored noise effects across various cognitive tasks. And finally, there’s a shortage of both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies assessing developmental effects. Overall, this scarcity limits the ability to draw robust conclusions about noise effects on children’s cognitive and academic abilities.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
1.80%
发文量
13
期刊介绍: Environment & Behavior is an interdisciplinary journal designed to report rigorous experimental and theoretical work focusing on the influence of the physical environment on human behavior at the individual, group, and institutional levels.
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