Environment and Behavior最新文献

英文中文

Systematic Review of Explicit Instruments Measuring Nature Connectedness: What Do We Know and What is Next? 测量与自然联系的明确工具的系统回顾：我们知道什么？

IF 5.7 2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231212321

Ximena Tiscareno-Osorno, Yolanda Demetriou, Adilson Marques, Miguel Peralta, Rafael Jorge, Tadhg E. MacIntyre, Deirdre MacIntyre, Stephen Smith, David Sheffield, Marc V. Jones, Jürgen Beckmann, Dorothea M. I. Schönbach

This systematic review assesses the methodological quality of manuscripts focusing on scales that explicitly measure nature connectedness. A literature search in six electronic databases was conducted using a search strategy based on PICO guidelines. Only peer-reviewed primary research available in English language, published between 2000 and 2021, meeting the scope of this review were included. Data from 35 studies were narratively analyzed. Their methodological quality was assessed using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist. Only five studies were rated as high/adequate quality. Based on the findings we make the following recommendations: (a) the need for the development of a more universal nature connectedness construct, (b) the requirement to increase the methodological quality of the scales, (c) the need to identify which the scales measure trait or state, (d) the need to increase the validate scales cross-culturally, and (e) the need to develop scales that can be employed with non-adult samples.

本系统综述评估了以明确测量自然联系的量表为重点的手稿的方法学质量。采用基于 PICO 指南的检索策略在六个电子数据库中进行了文献检索。仅纳入了 2000 年至 2021 年间发表的、符合本综述范围的、经同行评议的英文初级研究。对 35 项研究的数据进行了叙述性分析。采用 COSMIN 偏倚风险清单对这些研究的方法学质量进行了评估。只有五项研究被评为高质量/适当质量。根据研究结果，我们提出了以下建议：（a）需要开发一个更具普遍性的自然联系结构；（b）需要提高量表的方法学质量；（c）需要确定量表测量的是特质还是状态；（d）需要增加量表的跨文化验证；以及（e）需要开发可用于非成人样本的量表。

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引用次数: 0

Still no differences in the length or scope of primary and ambulatory care for Medicaid and commercial patients. 医疗补助和商业病人的初级和非住院治疗的时间和范围仍无差异。

2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-07-14 eCollection Date: 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/haschl/qxad027

Leighton Ku

Many seek to improve the quality of primary care in the United States, particularly for Medicaid patients. This paper revisits the question of whether Medicaid patients receive less primary care, such as the length or scope of services per visit, than commercial patients. Analyses of 2016-2019 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data, the most recent available, find there were no significant differences in the average length of ambulatory care visits, or of primary care visits in particular, between Medicaid and commercial care, nor differences in the scope, based on the number of diagnostic and treatment services, health education topics covered, or the number of medications prescribed in the visit. Only small differences were found for uninsured patients. The duration and scope of ambulatory and primary care visits were primarily related to the characteristics of patients, visits, and the physicians' practices. To improve primary and ambulatory care for disadvantaged patients, it may be more important to focus on increasing access to care by reducing insurance and cost-related barriers and on broad-based efforts to improve quality.

许多人都在寻求提高美国初级医疗的质量，尤其是医疗补助患者的质量。本文重新探讨了医疗补助患者接受的初级医疗服务（如每次就诊的时间或服务范围）是否少于商业患者的问题。对 2016-2019 年全国非住院医疗护理调查数据（最新可用数据）的分析发现，医疗补助和商业医疗在非住院医疗就诊的平均时长，特别是初级医疗就诊的平均时长方面没有显著差异，根据诊断和治疗服务的数量、涵盖的健康教育主题或就诊中开出的药物数量，在范围方面也没有差异。在未参保的患者中只发现了很小的差异。门诊和初级保健就诊的持续时间和范围主要与患者、就诊和医生的执业特点有关。要改善弱势患者的初级和非住院医疗服务，更重要的可能是通过减少与保险和费用相关的障碍来提高医疗服务的可及性，以及通过广泛的努力来提高医疗质量。

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引用次数: 0

2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231201608

Nathalie Michels, Shania Boudrez, Paula Alejandra Lamprea Pineda, Christophe Walgraeve

Before and after Trier Social Stress Test, 91 participants (18–50 years, 67% women) inhaled one odor during 10 min: Scots pine, grass (=cis-3-hexenol), or control (=demineralized water). Group differences were tested on repeated measurements of stress (affect reports, salivary cortisol and heart rate variability) and eating behavior (food choice and craving). Both nature olfactory exposures improved some stress outcomes. Both were associated with lower cortisol in non-stress conditions, but only grass odor was more beneficial for negative affect decrease after stress. No effect on heart rate variability was seen. Some contradictory findings were present for eating behavior. In non-stress situations, grass odor increased vegetable preference, while the pine odor group had higher sweet high-fat snack preference. Grass odor was also reported to induce healthier food choices. During stress recovery, both pine and grass odor groups had higher preference to sweet high-fat snacks.

在Trier社会压力测试前后，91名参与者(18-50岁，67%为女性)在10分钟内吸入一种气味:苏格兰松、草(=顺-3-己烯醇)或对照(=去矿化水)。通过反复测量压力(影响报告、唾液皮质醇和心率变异性)和饮食行为(食物选择和渴望)来测试组间差异。两种自然嗅觉暴露都改善了一些应激结果。在非应激条件下，两者都与较低的皮质醇有关，但只有草味更有利于应激后负面情绪的减少。没有观察到对心率变异性的影响。在饮食行为方面出现了一些相互矛盾的发现。在非应激情况下，草气味组增加了对蔬菜的偏好，而松气味组有更高的甜味高脂肪零食偏好。据报道，草的气味也会促使人们选择更健康的食物。在应激恢复过程中，松气味组和草气味组对甜的高脂肪零食都有更高的偏好。

引用次数: 0

A Drop in the Ocean? Fostering Water-Saving Behavior and Spillover Through Information Provision and Feedback 沧海一粟?通过信息提供和反馈促进节水行为及其溢出效应

2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231201371

Paul Haggar, Lorraine Whitmarsh, Nicholas Nash

Pro-environmental change is essential to address climate change. Impact from behavior change interventions increases if non-target behaviors also change. Here, we explore such behavioral spillover effects following a water conservation behavioral intervention and examine whether they are mediated by changes in relevant identities and beliefs. We used a persuasive intervention to encourage 150 participants to reduce daily shower-times over 14 days to conserve water. The intervention comprised information-provision, eliciting a shower time reduction commitment, and (for half the sample) progress feedback. We found that participants reduced shower time (by 38%) and intended to engage more in water-saving and pro-environmental activities, but we found no evidence of behavioral spillover (i.e., non-targeted intention change was not mediated by change in the target behavior). There was no additional effect on behavior change of receiving feedback. We discuss the implications of these findings for spillover in theory and practice.

促进环境变化对应对气候变化至关重要。如果非目标行为也发生改变，行为改变干预的影响会增加。本研究探讨了节水行为干预后的行为溢出效应，并考察了其是否受相关身份和信念变化的调节。我们采用了一种有说服力的干预方法，鼓励150名参与者在14天内减少每天洗澡的次数，以节约用水。干预包括提供信息，引出减少淋浴时间的承诺，以及(对一半的样本)进度反馈。我们发现，参与者减少了淋浴时间(38%)，并打算更多地参与节水和环保活动，但我们没有发现行为溢出的证据(即，非目标意图的改变不受目标行为的改变的调节)。接受反馈对行为改变没有额外的影响。我们将讨论这些发现对溢出效应的理论和实践意义。

引用次数: 0

A Panel Study of the Relationships Between Social Media Interactions and Adolescents’ Pro-Environmental Cognitions and Behaviors 社交媒体互动与青少年亲环境认知和行为关系的小组研究

IF 5.7 2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231194331

A. González, Laura Vandenbosch, Ann Rousseau

Despite the circulation of climate content on social media, little longitudinal research has explored their relations with pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. Considering that individual behaviors, in conjunction with structural change, are critical to mitigate climate change, this two-wave panel study among 657 adolescents examined how social media interactions (i.e., exposure, liking, commenting, sharing and posting of climate messages) reciprocally related to adolescents’ pro-environmental cognitions (i.e., descriptive and injunctive norms, attitudes) and behavior. The study showed transactional relationships between self-posting and sharing of climate content over time. Pro-environmental behavior at Wave 1 (W1) positively related to all cognitive variables at Wave 2 (W2), yet no reciprocal relationship occurred as none of the cognitive variables (W1) predicted behavior (W2) over time. Moreover, with the exception of the positive link between “liking” (W1) and attitudes (W2), no (reciprocal) relationships between social media interactions and adolescents’ pro-environmental cognitions and behavior occurred over time.

尽管气候内容在社交媒体上流传，但很少有纵向研究探讨它们与环保态度和行为的关系。考虑到个体行为与结构变化相结合对缓解气候变化至关重要，这项针对657名青少年的两波小组研究考察了社交媒体互动（即气候信息的曝光、点赞、评论、分享和发布）与青少年的环保认知（即描述性和强制性规范、态度）和行为之间的相互关系。该研究表明，随着时间的推移，自我发布和气候内容共享之间存在交易关系。第1波（W1）的亲环境行为与第2波（W2）的所有认知变量呈正相关，但由于没有任何认知变量（W1）预测行为（W2。此外，除了“喜欢”（W1）和态度（W2）之间的积极联系外，随着时间的推移，社交媒体互动与青少年的环保认知和行为之间没有（互惠）关系。

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引用次数: 0

Contributions and Limitations Walk Score^® in the Context of Walkability: A Scoping Review 步行评分在可步行性研究中的贡献与局限性:范围综述

2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231201611

Jennifer Ann Brown, Kimberley D. Curtin, Mathew Thomson, Janice Y. Kung, Candace I. J. Nykiforuk

Walkability is a critical component of built environments, yet there is still diverse conceptualization and measurement of the construct. The Walk Score ® metric is one measure of walkability, which is widely used in scholarly, industry, and public domains. With increased interest in the use of Walk Score ® as a research tool, it is necessary to examine the operationalization and scope of the measure. This scoping review examined how researchers utilized Walk Score ® in walkability research, with specific attention to identifying limitations related to health outcomes as well as the use of the metric in non-health research contexts. Findings from the review provide a novel and critically nuanced understanding of how the assumptions and limitations of Walk Score ® are addressed relative to socio-ecological aspects of walkability.

可步行性是建筑环境的一个重要组成部分，然而，对该建筑的概念化和测量方法仍然多种多样。步行得分®指标是衡量步行能力的一种指标，广泛应用于学术、工业和公共领域。随着人们对使用步行得分作为研究工具的兴趣日益增加，有必要检查该措施的操作化和范围。本综述考察了研究人员如何在可步行性研究中使用步行评分®，特别注意识别与健康结果相关的局限性，以及在非健康研究背景下使用该指标。该综述的研究结果提供了一种新颖的、批判性的细致入微的理解，即相对于步行性的社会生态方面，步行评分®的假设和局限性是如何解决的。

引用次数: 0

Talk the Talk, But Walk the Walk? Female-Managed Firms and Greenwashing Behavior 说到做到?女性管理的公司和洗绿行为

IF 5.7 2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231192357

Dengjun Zhang

Previous studies have examined gender differences in environmental disclosure and corporate environmental responsibility, which are elements used to measure greenwashing. However, little attention has been given to the impact of firm leaders’ gender on greenwashing. This study applies a logit econometric model to estimate the probability of being greenwashers for female-led firms compared to male-led firms, using a sample of 7,870 private firms from 28 countries. Our main results suggest that female-managed firms are not less likely to conduct greenwashing. This study also evaluates the impact on greenwashing of other determinants, such as access to finance, firm size, pollution degree, and region, and whether the gender gap in greenwashing is attributed to the primary drivers of greenwashing. Finally, we draw implications from this study on how to enhance the credibility of environmental initiatives for both female-led and male-led firms.

先前的研究考察了环境披露和企业环境责任方面的性别差异，这是衡量“洗绿”的要素。然而，很少有人关注企业领导者的性别对绿色清洗的影响。这项研究应用logit计量经济学模型，使用来自28个国家的7870家私营公司的样本，估计女性领导的公司与男性领导的公司相比成为绿色垫圈的概率。我们的主要研究结果表明，女性管理的公司进行绿色清洗的可能性并不低。这项研究还评估了其他决定因素对绿色清洗的影响，如获得资金的机会、企业规模、污染程度和地区，以及绿色清洗中的性别差距是否归因于绿色清洗的主要驱动因素。最后，我们从这项研究中得出了如何提高女性主导和男性主导企业环境倡议可信度的启示。

引用次数: 0

Green Is Not the Same as Green: Differentiating Between the Association of Trees and Open Green Spaces With Children’s Brain Structure in the Netherlands 绿色和绿色不一样:区分树木和开放绿地与荷兰儿童大脑结构的关系

IF 5.7 2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231183095

S. Kühn, Katharina Schmalen, R. Beijers, A. Tyborowska, Karin Roelofs, C. Weerth

There is accumulating evidence for positive effects of green spaces on mental and brain health. Here we investigated whether differentiating the types of green spaces may be relevant. On longitudinal data of children (N = 95) from the Netherlands, we quantified the link between green space exposure at home from birth onwards and MRI brain structure at 12.5 years. We differentiated between green space resulting from trees versus open green spaces and also associated visibility of sky (sky view factor) with brain structure (200 m buffer around home address). We observed a positive association between grey matter volume in different prefrontal clusters and green open space coverage as well as sky view, but a negative association within prefrontal clusters for tree cover density. Most importantly, in the medial prefrontal cortex, the only region in which all three analyses overlapped, the visibility of sky was the most important predictor. Our findings advance knowledge on health-promoting, evidence-based urban planning.

越来越多的证据表明，绿地对精神和大脑健康有积极影响。在这里，我们研究了区分绿地类型是否相关。根据来自荷兰的儿童(N = 95)的纵向数据，我们量化了从出生起在家中的绿色空间暴露与12.5岁时MRI脑结构之间的联系。我们区分了由树木形成的绿色空间和开放的绿色空间，并将天空的可见度(天空景观因子)与大脑结构(家庭住址周围200米缓冲区)联系起来。研究发现，不同前额叶丛的灰质体积与绿色开放空间覆盖率和天空景观呈正相关，而与树木覆盖密度呈负相关。最重要的是，在内侧前额叶皮层中，天空的可见度是最重要的预测因子，这是所有三种分析唯一重叠的区域。我们的研究结果促进了对健康促进、循证城市规划的认识。

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引用次数: 0

The Golden Mean: How Zhongyong Affects Environmental Behaviors and the Pathways 中庸：仲雍如何影响环境行为及其路径

IF 5.7 2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231187413

Da-Jung Li, N. Zhang

Zhongyong (golden mean) is a typical Oriental Confucius thought that addresses interpersonal harmony and interdependence. A moderated mediating model was used in this study to examine the relationship between Zhongyong and environmental behavior. The results of our model showed that Zhongyong was positively associated with environmental behavior. In comparison to people with lower levels of Zhongyong, respondents with higher levels of Zhongyong had a significantly higher scores for collective efficacy, personal norms, and environmental behavior. Furthermore, Zhongyong indirectly influenced environmental behavior through collective efficacy and personal norms. More importantly, we introduced two extrinsic moderator variables: environmental concerns and interpersonal communication. The reasons Zhongyong works and how to take advantage of this Oriental cultural heritage to promote an individual’s pro-environmental willingness are further discussed.

中庸思想是典型的东方孔子思想，强调人与人之间的和谐和相互依存。本研究采用一个有调节的中介模型来考察中庸与环境行为的关系。我们的模型结果显示，中庸与环境行为呈正相关。与中庸水平较低的人相比，中庸水平较高的被调查者在集体效能、个人规范和环境行为方面的得分显著高于中庸水平较低的人。此外，中庸通过集体效能和个人规范间接影响环境行为。更重要的是，我们引入了两个外在调节变量:环境关注和人际沟通。本文进一步探讨了中永活动的原因，以及如何利用这种东方文化遗产来促进个人的环保意愿。

引用次数: 0

Explaining Changes in Threat Appraisal, Coping Appraisal, and Flood Risk-Reducing Behavior Using Panel Data From a Nation-Wide Survey in Germany 利用来自德国全国调查的面板数据解释威胁评估、应对评估和洪水风险降低行为的变化

IF 5.7 2区心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environment and Behavior

Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00139165231176069

P. Bubeck, Daniel Osberghaus, A. Thieken

Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) has become a widely-used theoretical framework to explain the risk-reducing behavior of individuals toward flooding and other natural hazards. Despite a quickly growing body of literature applying PMT in the context of flooding, insights into changes in PMT components and risk-reducing behavior are largely lacking due to a predominant use of cross-sectional research designs. In this study, we examine how various intrapersonal sources of information relate to changes in PMT components and risk-reducing behavior, using unique panel data (n = 2,680) from a survey in Germany and a fixed-effects regression modeling approach. In line with PMT, we find that various intrapersonal sources of information, like prior experience, relate to changes in PMT components. We also find that coping appraisals of PMT change in a direction negatively related to risk-reducing behavior over time, posing a challenge for risk communication and the envisaged shift to integrated flood risk management.

保护动机理论(PMT)已成为一个广泛使用的理论框架来解释个人对洪水和其他自然灾害的风险降低行为。尽管在洪水背景下应用PMT的文献迅速增长，但由于主要使用横断面研究设计，对PMT成分变化和降低风险行为的见解在很大程度上缺乏。在这项研究中，我们使用来自德国的一项调查的独特面板数据(n = 2680)和固定效应回归建模方法，研究了各种个人信息来源与PMT成分变化和降低风险行为的关系。与PMT一致，我们发现各种个人信息来源，如以前的经验，与PMT成分的变化有关。我们还发现，随着时间的推移，PMT的应对评估朝着与降低风险行为负相关的方向变化，这对风险沟通和向综合洪水风险管理的设想转变提出了挑战。

引用次数: 0

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