Ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 for Analog Memory and In-Memory Computing Applications Down to Deep Cryogenic Temperatures

Low-power nonvolatile memories operating down to deep cryogenic temperatures are important for a large spectrum of applications from high-performance computing, electronics interfacing quantum computing hardware to space-based electronics. Despite the potential of Hf_0.5Zr_0.5O₂ (HZO), thanks to its compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) back-end-of-line processing, only few studies of HZO-based memory devices down to cryogenic operation temperatures exist. Here, analog ferroelectric memory stack fabrication with 10 nm HZO and their detailed characterization under wide range of pulse amplitudes and frequencies down to 4 K are reported. When operated at temperatures below 100 K, HZO devices can support high amplitude voltage pulses, yielding record high P_r of up to 75µC cm⁻² at ±7 V_p (14 V_pp) pulse amplitudes accompanied with frequency-dependent memory window between 6 and 8 V. Devices show excellent endurance exceeding 10⁹ cycles of ±5 V_p (10 V_pp) and P_r of 30 µC cm⁻² without significant degradation of coercive voltages or loss of polarization at cryogenic temperatures. At least 20 reproducible analog states for temperatures below 100 K with almost ideal linearity of intermediate polarization states in both pulse directions is observed, demonstrating the high potential of analog cryogenic ferroelectric memories, essential for on-line training in in-memory-computing architecture.