R Patrick Xian, Joseph Brunet, Yuze Huang, Willi L Wagner, Peter D Lee, Paul Tafforeau, Claire L Walsh
{"title":"近距离观察软组织成像过程中高能 X 射线诱发的气泡形成。","authors":"R Patrick Xian, Joseph Brunet, Yuze Huang, Willi L Wagner, Peter D Lee, Paul Tafforeau, Claire L Walsh","doi":"10.1107/S160057752400290X","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving the scalability of tissue imaging throughput with bright, coherent X-rays requires identifying and mitigating artifacts resulting from the interactions between X-rays and matter. At synchrotron sources, long-term imaging of soft tissues in solution can result in gas bubble formation or cavitation, which dramatically compromises image quality and integrity of the samples. By combining in-line phase-contrast imaging with gas chromatography in real time, we were able to track the onset and evolution of high-energy X-ray-induced gas bubbles in ethanol-embedded soft tissue samples for tens of minutes (two to three times the typical scan times). We demonstrate quantitatively that vacuum degassing of the sample during preparation can significantly delay bubble formation, offering up to a twofold improvement in dose tolerance, depending on the tissue type. However, once nucleated, bubble growth is faster in degassed than undegassed samples, indicating their distinct metastable states at bubble onset. Gas chromatography analysis shows increased solvent vaporization concurrent with bubble formation, yet the quantities of dissolved gasses remain unchanged. By coupling features extracted from the radiographs with computational analysis of bubble characteristics, we uncover dose-controlled kinetics and nucleation site-specific growth. These hallmark signatures provide quantitative constraints on the driving mechanisms of bubble formation and growth. Overall, the observations highlight bubble formation as a critical yet often overlooked hurdle in upscaling X-ray imaging for biological tissues and soft materials and we offer an empirical foundation for their understanding and imaging protocol optimization. More importantly, our approaches establish a top-down scheme to decipher the complex, multiscale radiation-matter interactions in these applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11075704/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A closer look at high-energy X-ray-induced bubble formation during soft tissue imaging.\",\"authors\":\"R Patrick Xian, Joseph Brunet, Yuze Huang, Willi L Wagner, Peter D Lee, Paul Tafforeau, Claire L Walsh\",\"doi\":\"10.1107/S160057752400290X\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Improving the scalability of tissue imaging throughput with bright, coherent X-rays requires identifying and mitigating artifacts resulting from the interactions between X-rays and matter. At synchrotron sources, long-term imaging of soft tissues in solution can result in gas bubble formation or cavitation, which dramatically compromises image quality and integrity of the samples. By combining in-line phase-contrast imaging with gas chromatography in real time, we were able to track the onset and evolution of high-energy X-ray-induced gas bubbles in ethanol-embedded soft tissue samples for tens of minutes (two to three times the typical scan times). We demonstrate quantitatively that vacuum degassing of the sample during preparation can significantly delay bubble formation, offering up to a twofold improvement in dose tolerance, depending on the tissue type. However, once nucleated, bubble growth is faster in degassed than undegassed samples, indicating their distinct metastable states at bubble onset. Gas chromatography analysis shows increased solvent vaporization concurrent with bubble formation, yet the quantities of dissolved gasses remain unchanged. By coupling features extracted from the radiographs with computational analysis of bubble characteristics, we uncover dose-controlled kinetics and nucleation site-specific growth. These hallmark signatures provide quantitative constraints on the driving mechanisms of bubble formation and growth. Overall, the observations highlight bubble formation as a critical yet often overlooked hurdle in upscaling X-ray imaging for biological tissues and soft materials and we offer an empirical foundation for their understanding and imaging protocol optimization. More importantly, our approaches establish a top-down scheme to decipher the complex, multiscale radiation-matter interactions in these applications.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48729,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11075704/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1107/S160057752400290X\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/4/26 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S160057752400290X","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/4/26 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
要利用明亮的相干 X 射线提高组织成像吞吐量的可扩展性,就必须识别并减少 X 射线与物质之间的相互作用所产生的伪影。在同步辐射源中,对溶液中的软组织进行长期成像可能会导致气泡形成或气穴现象,从而严重影响图像质量和样品的完整性。通过将在线相位对比成像与气相色谱法实时结合,我们能够在数十分钟内(典型扫描时间的两到三倍)跟踪嵌入乙醇的软组织样品中高能 X 射线诱导气泡的产生和演变过程。我们定量证明,在制备过程中对样本进行真空脱气可显著延迟气泡的形成,根据组织类型的不同,可将剂量耐受性提高两倍。然而,一旦成核,气泡在脱气样品中的生长速度要快于未脱气样品,这表明它们在气泡开始形成时处于不同的蜕变状态。气相色谱分析显示,在气泡形成的同时,溶剂汽化速度加快,但溶解气体的数量保持不变。通过将从射线照片中提取的特征与气泡特征的计算分析相结合,我们发现了剂量控制动力学和成核部位的特定生长。这些特征为气泡形成和生长的驱动机制提供了定量约束。总之,这些观察结果凸显了气泡的形成是提升生物组织和软材料 X 射线成像的关键,但却往往被忽视,我们为了解气泡的形成和优化成像方案提供了经验基础。更重要的是,我们的方法建立了一个自上而下的方案,以破解这些应用中复杂、多尺度的辐射-物质相互作用。
A closer look at high-energy X-ray-induced bubble formation during soft tissue imaging.
Improving the scalability of tissue imaging throughput with bright, coherent X-rays requires identifying and mitigating artifacts resulting from the interactions between X-rays and matter. At synchrotron sources, long-term imaging of soft tissues in solution can result in gas bubble formation or cavitation, which dramatically compromises image quality and integrity of the samples. By combining in-line phase-contrast imaging with gas chromatography in real time, we were able to track the onset and evolution of high-energy X-ray-induced gas bubbles in ethanol-embedded soft tissue samples for tens of minutes (two to three times the typical scan times). We demonstrate quantitatively that vacuum degassing of the sample during preparation can significantly delay bubble formation, offering up to a twofold improvement in dose tolerance, depending on the tissue type. However, once nucleated, bubble growth is faster in degassed than undegassed samples, indicating their distinct metastable states at bubble onset. Gas chromatography analysis shows increased solvent vaporization concurrent with bubble formation, yet the quantities of dissolved gasses remain unchanged. By coupling features extracted from the radiographs with computational analysis of bubble characteristics, we uncover dose-controlled kinetics and nucleation site-specific growth. These hallmark signatures provide quantitative constraints on the driving mechanisms of bubble formation and growth. Overall, the observations highlight bubble formation as a critical yet often overlooked hurdle in upscaling X-ray imaging for biological tissues and soft materials and we offer an empirical foundation for their understanding and imaging protocol optimization. More importantly, our approaches establish a top-down scheme to decipher the complex, multiscale radiation-matter interactions in these applications.
期刊介绍:
Synchrotron radiation research is rapidly expanding with many new sources of radiation being created globally. Synchrotron radiation plays a leading role in pure science and in emerging technologies. The Journal of Synchrotron Radiation provides comprehensive coverage of the entire field of synchrotron radiation and free-electron laser research including instrumentation, theory, computing and scientific applications in areas such as biology, nanoscience and materials science. Rapid publication ensures an up-to-date information resource for scientists and engineers in the field.