出版缺乏有效性或可重复性的重要著作--是开拓前沿还是腐蚀科学?

IF 2.8 1区 哲学 Q1 MEDICAL ETHICS Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI:10.1080/08989621.2024.2345714
Bor Luen Tang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

科学研究需要客观、公正和严谨。然而,学术文献中充斥着缺乏可重复性或有效性的初步和探索性研究成果。一些自认为影响很大的低质量论文已成为公众瞩目的焦点。研究人员的集体努力被这些虚假线索牵着鼻子走,走入了盲区和死胡同,浪费了时间和资源,这对早期职业研究人员的伤害尤为严重。此外,非专业公众也可能会受到与研究成果相关的社会经济影响。可以说,科学研究的性质决定了它的前沿是通过不断发表主张,反过来又引起其他人一轮又一轮的验证来移动和形成的。通过最近室温超导材料研究的实例,我反驳说,发表缺乏可重复性或有效性的重要或引人注目的主张在认识论和社会学上都是不负责任的。如果作者拒绝分享研究材料和原始数据供他人验证,则更是如此。这种行为不仅不会推动科学发展,反而会败坏科学,因此应在研究界就材料和数据共享达成一致的管理规则,禁止这种行为,并对不当行为进行适当制裁。
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Publishing important work that lacks validity or reproducibility - pushing frontiers or corrupting science?

Scientific research requires objectivity, impartiality and stringency. However, scholarly literature is littered with preliminary and explorative findings that lack reproducibility or validity. Some low-quality papers with perceived high impact have become publicly notable. The collective effort of fellow researchers who follow these false leads down blind alleys and impasses is a waste of time and resources, and this is particularly damaging for early career researchers. Furthermore, the lay public might also be affected by socioeconomic repercussions associated with the findings. It is arguable that the nature of scientific research is such that its frontiers are moved and shaped by cycles of published claims inducing in turn rounds of validation by others. Using recent example cases of room-temperature superconducting materials research, I argue instead that publication of perceptibly important or spectacular claims that lack reproducibility or validity is epistemically and socially irresponsible. This is even more so if authors refuse to share research materials and raw data for verification by others. Such acts do not advance, but would instead corrupt science, and should be prohibited by consensual governing rules on material and data sharing within the research community, with malpractices appropriately sanctioned.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
14.70%
发文量
49
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Accountability in Research: Policies and Quality Assurance is devoted to the examination and critical analysis of systems for maximizing integrity in the conduct of research. It provides an interdisciplinary, international forum for the development of ethics, procedures, standards policies, and concepts to encourage the ethical conduct of research and to enhance the validity of research results. The journal welcomes views on advancing the integrity of research in the fields of general and multidisciplinary sciences, medicine, law, economics, statistics, management studies, public policy, politics, sociology, history, psychology, philosophy, ethics, and information science. All submitted manuscripts are subject to initial appraisal by the Editor, and if found suitable for further consideration, to peer review by independent, anonymous expert referees.
期刊最新文献
Procrastination and inconsistency: Expressions of concern for publications with compromised integrity. A policy toolkit for authorship and dissemination policies may benefit NIH research consortia. A randomized trial alerting authors, with or without coauthors or editors, that research they cited in systematic reviews and guidelines has been retracted. Citation bias, diversity, and ethics. Industry effects on evidence: a case study of long-acting injectable antipsychotics.
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