{"title":"不同复合陶瓷含量的激光熔覆（纳米 WC + 微米 TiC）/Ti6Al4V 涂层中沉淀相的形态特征","authors":"Huizi Shi, Zhuanni Gao, Yifan Li, Xiang Li, Leilei Wang, Xiaohong Zhan","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01658-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is recognized that the introduction of ceramic particles has been used to produce composite coating in laser cladding to enhance the hardness of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy. In this study, (nano WC + micron TiC)/Ti6Al4V coatings with different composite ceramic contents were manufactured on Ti6Al4V substrate by laser cladding. The effects of the multi-scale composite ceramics on the macroscopic morphology, microstructure, and microhardness of coatings were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that the coatings were mainly composed of α-Ti and (Ti, W)C<sub>1 − x</sub>. The partial melting of TiC and WC ceramics resulted in the dissolution of C atoms in the matrix of the coatings, thereby strengthening the coatings through solid solution formation. Meanwhile, the growth of (Ti, W)C<sub>1 − x</sub> was inhibited, owing to the pinning force exerted by nano WC at the grain boundaries. When the content of nano WC was 1.5 wt%, (Ti, W)C<sub>1 − x</sub> in the coating exhibited micron-scale dendritic and submicron granular structures. The average size of the (Ti, W)C<sub>1 − x</sub> was approximately 0.31 µm. Moreover, the optimal microhardness of the coating reached 459.99 HV, representing a 35.99% increase compared to the microhardness of the Ti6Al4V substrate. The enhancement in microhardness was primarily attributed to three key strengthening mechanisms: fine-grain strengthening, O<i>rowan</i> strengthening, and solid-solution strengthening, which were effects induced by the ceramic particles.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"30 9","pages":"2581 - 2594"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Morphological Characteristics of Precipitated Phases in Laser Cladding (Nano WC + Micron TiC)/Ti6Al4V Coatings with Different Composite Ceramic Contents\",\"authors\":\"Huizi Shi, Zhuanni Gao, Yifan Li, Xiang Li, Leilei Wang, Xiaohong Zhan\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s12540-024-01658-0\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>It is recognized that the introduction of ceramic particles has been used to produce composite coating in laser cladding to enhance the hardness of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy. In this study, (nano WC + micron TiC)/Ti6Al4V coatings with different composite ceramic contents were manufactured on Ti6Al4V substrate by laser cladding. The effects of the multi-scale composite ceramics on the macroscopic morphology, microstructure, and microhardness of coatings were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that the coatings were mainly composed of α-Ti and (Ti, W)C<sub>1 − x</sub>. The partial melting of TiC and WC ceramics resulted in the dissolution of C atoms in the matrix of the coatings, thereby strengthening the coatings through solid solution formation. Meanwhile, the growth of (Ti, W)C<sub>1 − x</sub> was inhibited, owing to the pinning force exerted by nano WC at the grain boundaries. When the content of nano WC was 1.5 wt%, (Ti, W)C<sub>1 − x</sub> in the coating exhibited micron-scale dendritic and submicron granular structures. The average size of the (Ti, W)C<sub>1 − x</sub> was approximately 0.31 µm. Moreover, the optimal microhardness of the coating reached 459.99 HV, representing a 35.99% increase compared to the microhardness of the Ti6Al4V substrate. The enhancement in microhardness was primarily attributed to three key strengthening mechanisms: fine-grain strengthening, O<i>rowan</i> strengthening, and solid-solution strengthening, which were effects induced by the ceramic particles.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":703,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Metals and Materials International\",\"volume\":\"30 9\",\"pages\":\"2581 - 2594\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Metals and Materials International\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12540-024-01658-0\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Metals and Materials International","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12540-024-01658-0","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
人们已经认识到，在激光熔覆中引入陶瓷颗粒来生产复合涂层，可以提高 Ti6Al4V 钛合金的硬度。本研究采用激光熔覆技术在 Ti6Al4V 基体上制造了不同复合陶瓷含量的（纳米 WC + 微米 TiC）/Ti6Al4V 涂层。全面分析了多尺度复合陶瓷对涂层宏观形貌、微观结构和显微硬度的影响。结果表明，涂层主要由 α-Ti 和 (Ti, W)C1 - x 组成。TiC 和 WC 陶瓷的部分熔化导致涂层基体中 C 原子的溶解，从而通过固溶体的形成强化了涂层。与此同时，由于纳米碳化钨在晶界上施加的钉扎力，（Ti，W）C1 - x 的生长受到了抑制。当纳米碳化钨的含量为 1.5 wt% 时，涂层中的（Ti，W）C1 - x 呈现出微米级树枝状和亚微米级颗粒状结构。(Ti, W)C1 - x 的平均尺寸约为 0.31 µm。此外，涂层的最佳显微硬度达到 459.99 HV，与 Ti6Al4V 基体的显微硬度相比提高了 35.99%。显微硬度的提高主要归因于陶瓷颗粒诱导的三种关键强化机制：细晶粒强化、奥罗恩强化和固溶强化。
Morphological Characteristics of Precipitated Phases in Laser Cladding (Nano WC + Micron TiC)/Ti6Al4V Coatings with Different Composite Ceramic Contents
It is recognized that the introduction of ceramic particles has been used to produce composite coating in laser cladding to enhance the hardness of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy. In this study, (nano WC + micron TiC)/Ti6Al4V coatings with different composite ceramic contents were manufactured on Ti6Al4V substrate by laser cladding. The effects of the multi-scale composite ceramics on the macroscopic morphology, microstructure, and microhardness of coatings were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that the coatings were mainly composed of α-Ti and (Ti, W)C1 − x. The partial melting of TiC and WC ceramics resulted in the dissolution of C atoms in the matrix of the coatings, thereby strengthening the coatings through solid solution formation. Meanwhile, the growth of (Ti, W)C1 − x was inhibited, owing to the pinning force exerted by nano WC at the grain boundaries. When the content of nano WC was 1.5 wt%, (Ti, W)C1 − x in the coating exhibited micron-scale dendritic and submicron granular structures. The average size of the (Ti, W)C1 − x was approximately 0.31 µm. Moreover, the optimal microhardness of the coating reached 459.99 HV, representing a 35.99% increase compared to the microhardness of the Ti6Al4V substrate. The enhancement in microhardness was primarily attributed to three key strengthening mechanisms: fine-grain strengthening, Orowan strengthening, and solid-solution strengthening, which were effects induced by the ceramic particles.
期刊介绍：
Metals and Materials International publishes original papers and occasional critical reviews on all aspects of research and technology in materials engineering: physical metallurgy, materials science, and processing of metals and other materials. Emphasis is placed on those aspects of the science of materials that are concerned with the relationships among the processing, structure and properties (mechanical, chemical, electrical, electrochemical, magnetic and optical) of materials. Aspects of processing include the melting, casting, and fabrication with the thermodynamics, kinetics and modeling.
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