Luise Wanner, Martin Jung, Sreenath Paleri, Brian J. Butterworth, Ankur R. Desai, Matthias Sühring, Matthias Mauder
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引用次数: 0
摘要
在过去的几十年里,人们从不同的角度对能量平衡封闭问题进行了深入研究,并提出了一些方法来缩小但并不能完全封闭地表能量平衡差距。通过次级环流进行的能量传输被认为是造成剩余能量不平衡的主要原因,因为涡度协方差测量无法捕捉到这种能量传输,只能花费大量精力进行额外测量。为了弥补能量平衡方面的差距,已经开发了一些模型,这些模型考虑了影响次级环流能量传输大小的因素。然而,据我们所知,目前还没有一个模型能考虑到热表面异质性,并能预测显热和潜热能量的传输。利用机器学习方法,我们开发了一个新的二次环流能量传输模型,该模型基于理想化大涡流模拟的大量数据集,涵盖了广泛的不稳定大气条件和表面异质性尺度。在本文中,我们介绍了该模型的开发过程,并展示了在更现实的 LES 数据和 CHEESEHEAD19 项目的实地测量数据上应用该模型的初步结果,以了解该模型的性能以及如何在实地测量数据上应用该模型。该模型的一个优点是无需额外测量即可应用,因此可以追溯到其他涡度协方差测量,以模拟二次环流的能量传输。我们的工作为 30 分钟通量测量提供了一种很有前景的机理能量平衡闭合方法。
Towards Energy-Balance Closure with a Model of Dispersive Heat Fluxes
In the last decades the energy-balance-closure problem has been thoroughly investigated from different angles, resulting in approaches to reduce but not completely close the surface energy balance gap. Energy transport through secondary circulations has been identified as a major cause of the remaining energy imbalance, as it is not captured by eddy covariance measurements and can only be measured additionally with great effort. Several models have already been developed to close the energy balance gap that account for factors affecting the magnitude of the energy transport by secondary circulations. However, to our knowledge, there is currently no model that accounts for thermal surface heterogeneity and that can predict the transport of both sensible and latent energy. Using a machine-learning approach, we developed a new model of energy transport by secondary circulations based on a large data set of idealized large-eddy simulations covering a wide range of unstable atmospheric conditions and surface-heterogeneity scales. In this paper, we present the development of the model and show first results of the application on more realistic LES data and field measurements from the CHEESEHEAD19 project to get an impression of the performance of the model and how the application can be implemented on field measurements. A strength of the model is that it can be applied without additional measurements and, thus, can retroactively be applied to other eddy covariance measurements to model energy transport through secondary circulations. Our work provides a promising mechanistic energy balance closure approach to 30-min flux measurements.
期刊介绍:
Boundary-Layer Meteorology offers several publishing options: Research Letters, Research Articles, and Notes and Comments. The Research Letters section is designed to allow quick dissemination of new scientific findings, with an initial review period of no longer than one month. The Research Articles section offers traditional scientific papers that present results and interpretations based on substantial research studies or critical reviews of ongoing research. The Notes and Comments section comprises occasional notes and comments on specific topics with no requirement for rapid publication. Research Letters are limited in size to five journal pages, including no more than three figures, and cannot contain supplementary online material; Research Articles are generally fifteen to twenty pages in length with no more than fifteen figures; Notes and Comments are limited to ten journal pages and five figures. Authors submitting Research Letters should include within their cover letter an explanation of the need for rapid publication. More information regarding all publication formats can be found in the recent Editorial ‘Introducing Research Letters to Boundary-Layer Meteorology’.