鸟类多样性与人类心理健康之间的积极关系:重复横截面数据分析

IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Lancet Planetary Health Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00023-8
Joel Methorst PhD
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景越来越多的研究探讨了鸟类生物多样性与人类心理健康之间的联系,但大多数研究仅使用横断面数据。很少有研究使用纵向或重复横截面数据来调查鸟类多样性对心理健康的益处。本研究的目的是利用独特的重复横断面数据集,在国家层面分析鸟类多样性与心理健康之间的关系。方法我使用了德国国家队列健康研究的重复横断面健康数据(收集时间为 2014 年 3 月至 2019 年 9 月)和年度鸟类公民科学数据,以调查鸟类多样性暴露对心理健康的影响。心理健康采用患者健康问卷抑郁模块9(SumPHQ)的总分和简表健康调查-12心理健康成分量表进行测量。作为鸟类多样性的替代指标,我创建了一个名为 "报告率丰富度 "的独特指标,并将其与健康数据相结合。报告率丰富度以概率的形式衡量德国邮政编码区内的鸟类物种数量,同时考虑到调查工作的差异。此外,还计算了鸟类多样性的其他指标,如鸟类物种丰富度或丰度。鸟类多样性与心理健康之间的关系采用线性回归法进行估算,其中包含地区和时间固定效应,并对一系列社会人口和环境混杂因素以及空间自相关性进行了调整。此外,还分析了收入水平和报告率丰富度之间的交互项,以研究社会经济地位的调节作用。研究结果 我对非平衡数据集(n=176 362)和平衡数据集(n=125 423)进行了分析,平衡数据集只包括每年有健康数据的地区(邮编区)。线性固定效应回归分析表明,非平衡数据集(β -0-02,p=0-017)和平衡数据集(β -0-03,p=0-0037)的报告率丰富度与 SumPHQ 之间存在显著的负相关。同样,两个数据集的回归结果显示,报告率丰富度与心理健康成分量表(MCS;非平衡 β 0-02,p=0-0086;平衡 β 0-03,p=0-0018)之间存在正相关。调节因子分析显示,社会经济地位对报告率丰富度与心理健康之间的关系有显著影响。这些结果的稳健性在敏感性分析中得到了证实。结果表明,在一个人的居住地区拥有多种不同鸟类的可能性越大,可能会对心理健康产生积极的影响,尤其是对社会经济地位较低的人而言。这些发现可能会对生物多样性保护和健康政策决策产生影响,因为各国政府正面临着全球生物多样性丧失和日益严重的公共心理健康问题等挑战。
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Positive relationship between bird diversity and human mental health: an analysis of repeated cross-sectional data

Background

An increasing body of research has examined the link between biodiversity of birds and human mental health, but most studies only use cross-sectional data. Few studies have used longitudinal or repeated cross-sectional data to investigate the mental health benefits of bird diversity. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between bird diversity and mental health at the national level using a unique repeated cross-sectional dataset.

Methods

I used repeated cross-sectional health data from the German National Cohort health study, collected between March, 2014, and September, 2019, and annual bird citizen science data to investigate the effects of bird-diversity exposure on mental health. Mental health was measured using the summary score of the Patient Health Questionnaire depression module 9 (SumPHQ) and the Short Form Health Survey-12 Mental Health Component Scale. As a proxy for bird diversity, I created a unique indicator called reporting-rate richness and combined it with the health data. Reporting-rate richness measures the number of bird species within postcode areas across Germany in probabilities while accounting for variation in survey efforts. Alternative indicators of bird diversity, such as bird-species richness or abundance, were also calculated. Associations between bird diversity and mental health were estimated using linear regression with region and time fixed effects, adjusted for a range of sociodemographic and environmental confounders and spatial autocorrelation. Interaction terms between income levels and reporting-rate richness were also analysed to examine the moderating effect of socioeconomic status.

Findings

I did the analyses for an unbalanced (n=176 362) and balanced (n=125 423) dataset, with the balanced dataset comprising only regions (postcode areas) in which health data were available for each year. The linear fixed-effects regression analysis indicated a significant negative association between reporting-rate richness and SumPHQ, as observed in both the unbalanced dataset (β –0·02, p=0·017) and the balanced dataset (β –0·03, p=0·0037). Similarly, regression results with both datasets showed a positive relationship between reporting-rate richness and Mental Health Component Scale (MCS; unbalanced β 0·02, p=0·0086; balanced β 0·03, p=0·0018). The moderator analyses revealed a significant influence of socioeconomic status on the relationship between reporting-rate richness and mental health. The robustness of these findings was confirmed through sensitivity analyses.

Interpretation

The results suggest that a greater likelihood of having many different bird species in a person's area of residence might positively contribute to mental health, especially for people with lower socioeconomic status. These findings could have implications for biodiversity conservation and health policy decisions, as governments are facing challenges such as global biodiversity loss and growing public mental health problems.

Funding

None.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
28.40
自引率
2.30%
发文量
272
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Lancet Planetary Health is a gold Open Access journal dedicated to investigating and addressing the multifaceted determinants of healthy human civilizations and their impact on natural systems. Positioned as a key player in sustainable development, the journal covers a broad, interdisciplinary scope, encompassing areas such as poverty, nutrition, gender equity, water and sanitation, energy, economic growth, industrialization, inequality, urbanization, human consumption and production, climate change, ocean health, land use, peace, and justice. With a commitment to publishing high-quality research, comment, and correspondence, it aims to be the leading journal for sustainable development in the face of unprecedented dangers and threats.
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