Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00270-5
Kim Robin van Daalen, Laura Jung, Sara Dada, Razan Othman, Alanna Barrios-Ruiz, Grace Zurielle Malolos, Kai-Ti Wu, Ana Garza-Salas, Salma El-Gamal, Tarek Ezzine, Parnian Khorsand, Arthur Wyns, Blanca Paniello-Castillo, Sophie Gepp, Maisoon Chowdhury, Ander Santamarta Zamorano, Jess Beagley, Clare Oliver-Williams, Ramit Debnath, Ronita Bardhan, Nicole de Paula, Alexandra Phelan, Rachel Lowe
Focusing specifically on the gender-climate-health nexus, this Personal View builds on existing feminist works and analyses to discuss why intersectional approaches to climate policy and inclusive representation in climate decision making are crucial for achieving just and equitable solutions to address the impacts of climate change on human health and societies. This Personal View highlights how women, girls, and gender-diverse people often face disproportionate climate-related health impacts, particularly those who experience compounding and overlapping vulnerabilities due to current and former systems of oppression. We summarise the insufficient meaningful inclusion of gender, health, and their intersection in international climate governance. Despite the tendency to conflate gender equality with number-based representation, climate governance under the UNFCCC (1995-2023) remains dominated by men, with several countries projected to take over a decade to achieve gender parity in their Party delegations. Advancing gender-responsiveness in climate policy and implementation and promoting equitable participation in climate governance will not only improve the inclusivity and effectiveness of national strategies, but will also build more resilient, equitable, and healthier societies.
{"title":"Bridging the gender, climate, and health gap: the road to COP29.","authors":"Kim Robin van Daalen, Laura Jung, Sara Dada, Razan Othman, Alanna Barrios-Ruiz, Grace Zurielle Malolos, Kai-Ti Wu, Ana Garza-Salas, Salma El-Gamal, Tarek Ezzine, Parnian Khorsand, Arthur Wyns, Blanca Paniello-Castillo, Sophie Gepp, Maisoon Chowdhury, Ander Santamarta Zamorano, Jess Beagley, Clare Oliver-Williams, Ramit Debnath, Ronita Bardhan, Nicole de Paula, Alexandra Phelan, Rachel Lowe","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00270-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00270-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Focusing specifically on the gender-climate-health nexus, this Personal View builds on existing feminist works and analyses to discuss why intersectional approaches to climate policy and inclusive representation in climate decision making are crucial for achieving just and equitable solutions to address the impacts of climate change on human health and societies. This Personal View highlights how women, girls, and gender-diverse people often face disproportionate climate-related health impacts, particularly those who experience compounding and overlapping vulnerabilities due to current and former systems of oppression. We summarise the insufficient meaningful inclusion of gender, health, and their intersection in international climate governance. Despite the tendency to conflate gender equality with number-based representation, climate governance under the UNFCCC (1995-2023) remains dominated by men, with several countries projected to take over a decade to achieve gender parity in their Party delegations. Advancing gender-responsiveness in climate policy and implementation and promoting equitable participation in climate governance will not only improve the inclusivity and effectiveness of national strategies, but will also build more resilient, equitable, and healthier societies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00255-3
Bastiaan R Bloem , Tjitske A Boonstra
{"title":"The inadequacy of current pesticide regulations for protecting brain health: the case of glyphosate and Parkinson's disease","authors":"Bastiaan R Bloem , Tjitske A Boonstra","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00255-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00255-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"7 12","pages":"Pages e948-e949"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519623002553/pdfft?md5=705fc4171159236c7e1049af4ed42334&pid=1-s2.0-S2542519623002553-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72211419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00216-4
Ang Li PhD , Mathew Toll BA Hons , Prof Rebecca Bentley PhD
The need to assess and measure how social vulnerability influences the health impacts of climate change has resulted in a rapidly growing body of research literature. To date, there has been no overarching, systematic examination of where this evidence is concentrated and what inferences can be made. This scoping review provides an overview of studies published between 2012 and 2022 on social vulnerability to the negative health effects of climate change. Of the 2115 studies identified from four bibliographic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and CAB Direct), 230 that considered indicators of social vulnerability to climate change impacts on health outcomes were selected for review. Frequency and thematic analyses were conducted to establish the scope of the social vulnerability indicators, climate change impacts, and health conditions studied, and the substantive themes and findings of this research. 113 indicators of social vulnerability covering 15 themes were identified, with a small set of indicators receiving most of the research attention, including age, sex, ethnicity, education, income, poverty, unemployment, access to green and blue spaces, access to health services, social isolation, and population density. The results reveal an undertheorisation and few indicators that conceptualise and operationalise social vulnerability beyond individual sociodemographic characteristics by identifying structural and institutional dimensions of vulnerability, and a preponderance of social vulnerability research in high-income countries. This Review highlights the need for future research, data infrastructure, and policy attention to address structural, institutional, and sociopolitical conditions, which will better support climate resilience and adaptation planning.
由于需要评估和衡量社会脆弱性如何影响气候变化对健康的影响，研究文献数量迅速增加。到目前为止，还没有对这些证据集中在哪里以及可以做出什么推断进行全面、系统的检查。这篇范围界定综述概述了2012年至2022年间发表的关于气候变化对健康负面影响的社会脆弱性的研究。在从四个书目数据库（Scopus、Web Of Science、PubMed和CAB Direct）中确定的2115项研究中，选择了230项考虑了社会易受气候变化影响对健康结果的指标进行审查。进行了频率和主题分析，以确定所研究的社会脆弱性指标、气候变化影响和健康状况的范围，以及本研究的实质性主题和结果。确定了113个社会脆弱性指标，涵盖15个主题，其中一小部分指标受到了大多数研究关注，包括年龄、性别、种族、教育、收入、贫困、失业、获得绿色和蓝色空间、获得医疗服务、社会孤立和人口密度。研究结果表明，通过确定脆弱性的结构和制度层面，在个人社会人口特征之外，对社会脆弱性进行概念化和操作化的理论不足和指标很少，高收入国家的社会脆弱性研究占主导地位。本次审查强调了未来研究、数据基础设施和政策关注的必要性，以解决结构、体制和社会政治条件，从而更好地支持气候恢复力和适应规划。
{"title":"Mapping social vulnerability indicators to understand the health impacts of climate change: a scoping review","authors":"Ang Li PhD , Mathew Toll BA Hons , Prof Rebecca Bentley PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00216-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00216-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The need to assess and measure how social vulnerability influences the health impacts of climate change has resulted in a rapidly growing body of research literature. To date, there has been no overarching, systematic examination of where this evidence is concentrated and what inferences can be made. This scoping review provides an overview of studies published between 2012 and 2022 on social vulnerability to the negative health effects of climate change. Of the 2115 studies identified from four bibliographic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and CAB Direct), 230 that considered indicators of social vulnerability to climate change impacts on health outcomes were selected for review. Frequency and thematic analyses were conducted to establish the scope of the social vulnerability indicators, climate change impacts, and health conditions studied, and the substantive themes and findings of this research. 113 indicators of social vulnerability covering 15 themes were identified, with a small set of indicators receiving most of the research attention, including age, sex, ethnicity, education, income, poverty, unemployment, access to green and blue spaces, access to health services, social isolation, and population density. The results reveal an undertheorisation and few indicators that conceptualise and operationalise social vulnerability beyond individual sociodemographic characteristics by identifying structural and institutional dimensions of vulnerability, and a preponderance of social vulnerability research in high-income countries. This Review highlights the need for future research, data infrastructure, and policy attention to address structural, institutional, and sociopolitical conditions, which will better support climate resilience and adaptation planning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"7 11","pages":"Pages e925-e937"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71523042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00234-6
Leah Prencipe PhD , Tanja A J Houweling PhD , Prof Frank J van Lenthe PhD , Lusajo Kajula PhD , Tia Palermo PhD
Background
Climate change threatens youth mental health through multiple mechanisms, yet empirical studies typically focus on single pathways. We explored feelings of distress over climate change among Tanzanian youth, considering associations with climate change awareness and climate-sensitive risk factors, and assessed how these factors relate to mental health.
Methods
Tanzanian youth (aged 18–23 years) from a cluster randomised controlled trial in Mbeya and Iringa regions of Tanzania were interviewed between Jan 25, and March 3, 2021, and included in this cross-sectional study. A threshold of at least 10 on the ten-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was used to classify symptom severity indicative of depression. Regardless of climate change awareness, respondents were asked about their feelings of distress on climate change using inclusive language (changing weather patterns or changing seasons). We estimated rate differences in climate change distress (slight or moderate or extreme vs none) by youth characteristics, extent of climate awareness, and climate-sensitive livelihoods (eg, agriculture, tending livestock) and climate-sensitive living conditions (eg, food or water insecurity), using generalised linear models. We compared depression prevalence by extent of climate change distress and climate-sensitive living conditions.
Findings
Among 2053 youth (1123 [55%] were male and 930 [45%] were female) included in this analysis, 946 (46%) had reported any distress about climate change. Distress was higher among female, more educated, more religious, older youth, and those working in extreme temperatures. Adjusting for climate awareness—a factor strongly associated with climate distress—helped to explain some of these associations. Depression was 23 percentage points (95% CI 17–28) higher among youth who had severe water insecurity than those who did not. Similarly, youth who had severe food insecurity had 23 percentage points higher depression (95% CI 17–28) compared with those who did not. Those reporting climate change distress also had worse mental health—extremely distressed youth had 18 percentage points (95% CI 6–30) higher depression than those reporting none.
Interpretation
Living in conditions worsened by climate change and feeling distressed over climate change have mental health implications among young people from low-resource settings, indicating that climate change can impact youth mental health through multiple pathways.
Funding
Erasmus Trustfonds, Centre for Global Health Inequalities Research, UK's Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office, Oak Foundation, UNICEF, UK's Department of International Development, the Swedish Development Cooperation Agency, Irish Aid.
{"title":"Climate distress, climate-sensitive risk factors, and mental health among Tanzanian youth: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Leah Prencipe PhD , Tanja A J Houweling PhD , Prof Frank J van Lenthe PhD , Lusajo Kajula PhD , Tia Palermo PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00234-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00234-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Climate change threatens youth mental health through multiple mechanisms, yet empirical studies typically focus on single pathways. We explored feelings of distress over climate change among Tanzanian youth, considering associations with climate change awareness and climate-sensitive risk factors, and assessed how these factors relate to mental health.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Tanzanian youth (aged 18–23 years) from a cluster randomised controlled trial in Mbeya and Iringa regions of Tanzania were interviewed between Jan 25, and March 3, 2021, and included in this cross-sectional study. A threshold of at least 10 on the ten-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was used to classify symptom severity indicative of depression. Regardless of climate change awareness, respondents were asked about their feelings of distress on climate change using inclusive language (changing weather patterns or changing seasons). We estimated rate differences in climate change distress (slight or moderate or extreme <em>vs</em> none) by youth characteristics, extent of climate awareness, and climate-sensitive livelihoods (eg, agriculture, tending livestock) and climate-sensitive living conditions (eg, food or water insecurity), using generalised linear models. We compared depression prevalence by extent of climate change distress and climate-sensitive living conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Among 2053 youth (1123 [55%] were male and 930 [45%] were female) included in this analysis, 946 (46%) had reported any distress about climate change. Distress was higher among female, more educated, more religious, older youth, and those working in extreme temperatures. Adjusting for climate awareness—a factor strongly associated with climate distress—helped to explain some of these associations. Depression was 23 percentage points (95% CI 17–28) higher among youth who had severe water insecurity than those who did not. Similarly, youth who had severe food insecurity had 23 percentage points higher depression (95% CI 17–28) compared with those who did not. Those reporting climate change distress also had worse mental health—extremely distressed youth had 18 percentage points (95% CI 6–30) higher depression than those reporting none.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Living in conditions worsened by climate change and feeling distressed over climate change have mental health implications among young people from low-resource settings, indicating that climate change can impact youth mental health through multiple pathways.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>Erasmus Trustfonds, Centre for Global Health Inequalities Research, UK's Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office, Oak Foundation, UNICEF, UK's Department of International Development, the Swedish Development Cooperation Agency, Irish Aid.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"7 11","pages":"Pages e877-e887"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71523040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00213-9
Patrick Murigu Kamau Njage PhD , Bram van Bunnik PhD , Patrick Munk PhD , Ana Rita Pinheiro Marques PhD , Prof Frank M Aarestrup PhD
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although antimicrobial use is a key selector for antimicrobial resistance, recent studies have suggested that the ecological context in which antimicrobials are used might provide important factors for the prediction of the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used 1547 variables from the World Bank dataset consisting of socioeconomic, developmental, health, and nutritional indicators; data from a global sewage-based study on antimicrobial resistance (abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes [ARGs]); and data on antimicrobial usage computed from the ECDC database and the IQVIA database. We characterised and built models predicting the global resistome at an antimicrobial class level. We used a generalised linear mixed-effects model to estimate the association between antimicrobial usage and ARG abundance in the sewage samples; a multivariate random forest model to build predictive models for each antimicrobial resistance class and to select the most important variables for ARG abundance; logistic regression models to test the association between the predicted country-level antimicrobial resistance abundance and the country-level proportion of clinical resistant bacterial isolates; finite mixture models to investigate geographical heterogeneities in the abundance of ARGs; and multivariate finite mixture models with covariates to investigate the effect of heterogeneity in the association between the most important variables and the observed ARG abundance across the different country subgroups. We compared our predictions with available clinical phenotypic data from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program from eight antimicrobial classes and 12 genera from 56 countries.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Using antimicrobial use data from between Jan 1, 2016, and Dec 31, 2019, we found that antimicrobial usage was not significantly associated with the global ARG abundance in sewage (p=0·72; incidence rate ratio 1·02 [95% CI 0·92–1·13]), whereas country-specific World Bank's variables explained a large amount of variation. The importance of the World Bank variables differed between antimicrobial classes and countries. Generally, the estimated global ARG abundance was positively associated with the prevalence of clinical phenotypic resistance, with a strong association for bacterial groups in the human gut. The associations between bacterial groups and ARG abundance were positive and significantly different from zero for the aminoglycosides (three of the four of the taxa tested), β-lactam (all the six microbial groups), fluoroquinolones (seven of nine of the microbial groups), glycopeptide (one microbial group tested), folate pathway antagonists (four of five microbial groups), and tetracycline (two of nine microbial groups).</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Metagenomic analysis of sewage is a robust approach for the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in pa
{"title":"Association of health, nutrition, and socioeconomic variables with global antimicrobial resistance: a modelling study","authors":"Patrick Murigu Kamau Njage PhD , Bram van Bunnik PhD , Patrick Munk PhD , Ana Rita Pinheiro Marques PhD , Prof Frank M Aarestrup PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00213-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00213-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although antimicrobial use is a key selector for antimicrobial resistance, recent studies have suggested that the ecological context in which antimicrobials are used might provide important factors for the prediction of the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used 1547 variables from the World Bank dataset consisting of socioeconomic, developmental, health, and nutritional indicators; data from a global sewage-based study on antimicrobial resistance (abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes [ARGs]); and data on antimicrobial usage computed from the ECDC database and the IQVIA database. We characterised and built models predicting the global resistome at an antimicrobial class level. We used a generalised linear mixed-effects model to estimate the association between antimicrobial usage and ARG abundance in the sewage samples; a multivariate random forest model to build predictive models for each antimicrobial resistance class and to select the most important variables for ARG abundance; logistic regression models to test the association between the predicted country-level antimicrobial resistance abundance and the country-level proportion of clinical resistant bacterial isolates; finite mixture models to investigate geographical heterogeneities in the abundance of ARGs; and multivariate finite mixture models with covariates to investigate the effect of heterogeneity in the association between the most important variables and the observed ARG abundance across the different country subgroups. We compared our predictions with available clinical phenotypic data from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program from eight antimicrobial classes and 12 genera from 56 countries.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Using antimicrobial use data from between Jan 1, 2016, and Dec 31, 2019, we found that antimicrobial usage was not significantly associated with the global ARG abundance in sewage (p=0·72; incidence rate ratio 1·02 [95% CI 0·92–1·13]), whereas country-specific World Bank's variables explained a large amount of variation. The importance of the World Bank variables differed between antimicrobial classes and countries. Generally, the estimated global ARG abundance was positively associated with the prevalence of clinical phenotypic resistance, with a strong association for bacterial groups in the human gut. The associations between bacterial groups and ARG abundance were positive and significantly different from zero for the aminoglycosides (three of the four of the taxa tested), β-lactam (all the six microbial groups), fluoroquinolones (seven of nine of the microbial groups), glycopeptide (one microbial group tested), folate pathway antagonists (four of five microbial groups), and tetracycline (two of nine microbial groups).</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Metagenomic analysis of sewage is a robust approach for the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in pa","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"7 11","pages":"Pages e888-e899"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71523038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00217-6
John Kotcher PhD , Kate Luong PhD , Joel Charles MD , Rob Gould PhD , Edward Maibach PhD
Previous research suggests that providing information about the health effects of climate change and the health benefits of climate action can increase public engagement with the issue. We sought to extend those findings with an experiment to test the motivational value of calling attention to opponents of climate action. In February, 2022, we conducted a survey experiment with adults from the USA, quota-sampled to represent the USA population (n=2201). Participants were randomly assigned to a no-message control condition, or one of four message conditions identified as authored by concerned health professionals. These messages warned recipients about the negative effects of climate change on health, and either made no mention of an opponent to climate action, or were messages augmented by identifying one of three opponents: (1) fossil fuel chief executive officers and their lobbyists, (2) politicians, or (3) a combination of the two. Portrayal of opponents to climate action increased attitudinal engagement, support for mitigation policies, and intentions to advocate for climate solutions, compared with message conditions not identifying an opponent—with the combined opponent portrayal tending to result in the largest effects; these effects were evident with audiences across political lines, especially political conservatives. Climate and health messages—with or without portrayal of an opponent—also increased trust in the messengers relative to the no-message control. These findings suggest that identifying opponents to climate action can be advantageous to building support for such action, reducing political issue polarisation, and fostering greater trust in health professionals as climate messengers.
{"title":"Calling attention to opponents of climate action in climate and health messaging","authors":"John Kotcher PhD , Kate Luong PhD , Joel Charles MD , Rob Gould PhD , Edward Maibach PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00217-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00217-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous research suggests that providing information about the health effects of climate change and the health benefits of climate action can increase public engagement with the issue. We sought to extend those findings with an experiment to test the motivational value of calling attention to opponents of climate action. In February, 2022, we conducted a survey experiment with adults from the USA, quota-sampled to represent the USA population (n=2201). Participants were randomly assigned to a no-message control condition, or one of four message conditions identified as authored by concerned health professionals. These messages warned recipients about the negative effects of climate change on health, and either made no mention of an opponent to climate action, or were messages augmented by identifying one of three opponents: (1) fossil fuel chief executive officers and their lobbyists, (2) politicians, or (3) a combination of the two. Portrayal of opponents to climate action increased attitudinal engagement, support for mitigation policies, and intentions to advocate for climate solutions, compared with message conditions not identifying an opponent—with the combined opponent portrayal tending to result in the largest effects; these effects were evident with audiences across political lines, especially political conservatives. Climate and health messages—with or without portrayal of an opponent—also increased trust in the messengers relative to the no-message control. These findings suggest that identifying opponents to climate action can be advantageous to building support for such action, reducing political issue polarisation, and fostering greater trust in health professionals as climate messengers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"7 11","pages":"Pages e938-e946"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71523039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00215-2
Ningrui Liu PhD , Wei Liu PhD , Prof Furong Deng MD , Yumeng Liu PhD , Xuehuan Gao MM , Lin Fang PhD , Zhuoru Chen MPH , Hao Tang MPH , Shijie Hong MSc , Minyi Pan MSc , Wei Liu MSc , Xinyue Huo PhD , Kangqi Guo MSc , Fangfang Ruan PhD , Wenlou Zhang MSc , Prof Bin Zhao PhD , Prof Jinhan Mo PhD , Prof Chen Huang PhD , Chunxiao Su PhD , Chanjuan Sun PhD , Prof Yinping Zhang PhD
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>High-level exposure to indoor air pollutants (IAPs) and their corresponding adverse health effects have become a public concern in China in the past 10 years. However, neither national nor provincial level burden of disease attributable to multiple IAPs has been reported for China. This is the first study to estimate and rank the annual burden of disease and the financial costs attributable to targeted residential IAPs at the national and provincial level in China from 2000 to 2017.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We first did a systematic review and meta-analysis of 117 articles from 37 231 articles identified in major databases, and obtained exposure–response relationships for the candidate IAPs. The exposure levels to these IAPs were then collected by another systematic review of 1864 articles selected from 52 351 articles. After the systematic review, ten IAPs with significant and robust exposure–response relationships and sufficient exposure data were finally targeted: PM<sub>2·5</sub>, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, radon, formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, and p-dichlorobenzene. The annual exposure levels in residences were then evaluated in all 31 provinces in mainland China continuously from 2000 to 2017, using the spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to analyse indoor originating IAPs, and the infiltration factor method to analyse outdoor originating IAPs. The disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to the targeted IAPs were estimated at both national and provincial levels in China, using the population attributable fraction method. Financial costs were estimated by an adapted human capital approach.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>From 2000 to 2017, annual DALYs attributable to the ten IAPs in mainland China decreased from 4620 (95% CI 4070–5040) to 3700 (3210–4090) per 100 000. Nevertheless, in 2017, IAPs still ranked third among all risk factors, and their DALYs and financial costs accounted for 14·1% (95% CI 12·3–15·6) of total DALYs and 3·45% (3·01–3·82) of the gross domestic product. Specifically, the rank of ten targeted IAPs in order of their contribution to DALYs in 2017 was PM<sub>2·5</sub>, carbon monoxide, radon, benzene, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, sulphur dioxide, formaldehyde, toluene, and p-dichlorobenzene. The DALYs attributable to IAPs were 9·50% higher than those attributable to outdoor air pollution in 2017. For the leading IAP, PM<sub>2·5</sub>, the DALYs attributable to indoor origins are 18·3% higher than those of outdoor origins.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>DALYs attributed to IAPs in China have decreased by 20·0% over the past two decades. Even so, they are still much higher than those in the USA and European countries. This study can provide a basis for determining which IAPs to target in various indoor air quality standards and for estimating the health and economic benefits of various indoor air quality control approaches,
{"title":"The burden of disease attributable to indoor air pollutants in China from 2000 to 2017","authors":"Ningrui Liu PhD , Wei Liu PhD , Prof Furong Deng MD , Yumeng Liu PhD , Xuehuan Gao MM , Lin Fang PhD , Zhuoru Chen MPH , Hao Tang MPH , Shijie Hong MSc , Minyi Pan MSc , Wei Liu MSc , Xinyue Huo PhD , Kangqi Guo MSc , Fangfang Ruan PhD , Wenlou Zhang MSc , Prof Bin Zhao PhD , Prof Jinhan Mo PhD , Prof Chen Huang PhD , Chunxiao Su PhD , Chanjuan Sun PhD , Prof Yinping Zhang PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00215-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00215-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>High-level exposure to indoor air pollutants (IAPs) and their corresponding adverse health effects have become a public concern in China in the past 10 years. However, neither national nor provincial level burden of disease attributable to multiple IAPs has been reported for China. This is the first study to estimate and rank the annual burden of disease and the financial costs attributable to targeted residential IAPs at the national and provincial level in China from 2000 to 2017.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We first did a systematic review and meta-analysis of 117 articles from 37 231 articles identified in major databases, and obtained exposure–response relationships for the candidate IAPs. The exposure levels to these IAPs were then collected by another systematic review of 1864 articles selected from 52 351 articles. After the systematic review, ten IAPs with significant and robust exposure–response relationships and sufficient exposure data were finally targeted: PM<sub>2·5</sub>, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, radon, formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, and p-dichlorobenzene. The annual exposure levels in residences were then evaluated in all 31 provinces in mainland China continuously from 2000 to 2017, using the spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to analyse indoor originating IAPs, and the infiltration factor method to analyse outdoor originating IAPs. The disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to the targeted IAPs were estimated at both national and provincial levels in China, using the population attributable fraction method. Financial costs were estimated by an adapted human capital approach.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>From 2000 to 2017, annual DALYs attributable to the ten IAPs in mainland China decreased from 4620 (95% CI 4070–5040) to 3700 (3210–4090) per 100 000. Nevertheless, in 2017, IAPs still ranked third among all risk factors, and their DALYs and financial costs accounted for 14·1% (95% CI 12·3–15·6) of total DALYs and 3·45% (3·01–3·82) of the gross domestic product. Specifically, the rank of ten targeted IAPs in order of their contribution to DALYs in 2017 was PM<sub>2·5</sub>, carbon monoxide, radon, benzene, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, sulphur dioxide, formaldehyde, toluene, and p-dichlorobenzene. The DALYs attributable to IAPs were 9·50% higher than those attributable to outdoor air pollution in 2017. For the leading IAP, PM<sub>2·5</sub>, the DALYs attributable to indoor origins are 18·3% higher than those of outdoor origins.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>DALYs attributed to IAPs in China have decreased by 20·0% over the past two decades. Even so, they are still much higher than those in the USA and European countries. This study can provide a basis for determining which IAPs to target in various indoor air quality standards and for estimating the health and economic benefits of various indoor air quality control approaches,","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"7 11","pages":"Pages e900-e911"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71523043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号