Ana Pimenta-Martins, Daniela Correia, Catarina Carvalho, Carla Lopes, Ana Maria Gomes, Duarte Torres
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Approximately 57% of the population consumed at least one Mn-FF. Children and adolescents consumed significantly more Mn-FF than older age groups. The primary contributors to Mn-FF consumption were breakfast cereals and fat spreads. Being a child (female OR 2.07 [95% CI: 1.52, 2.83]; male OR 4.80 [95% CI: 3.23, 7.14]) or adolescent (female OR 1.62 [95% CI: 1.78, 2.22]; male OR 4.59 [95% CI: 3.26, 6.47]), having a higher level of education (female OR 1.52 [95% CI: 1.17, 1.99]; male OR 1.85 [95% CI: 1.42, 2.42]) and engaging in regular physical activity (female OR 1.31 [95% CI: 1.09, 1.58]; male OR 1.36 [95% CI: 1.11, 1.68]) were factors positively associated with Mn-FF consumption. Conversely, obesity (female OR 0.76 [95% CI: 0.60, 0.96]), living in predominantly rural areas (male OR 0.70 [95% CI: 0.49, 0.91]) and eating fewer mid-meals per day (female OR 0.60 [95% CI: 0.48, 0.76]; male OR 0.64 [95% CI: 0.49, 0.84]) were associated with lower Mn-FF consumption. Younger age, higher education and physical activity practice were positively associated with Mn-FF consumption. These findings provide important insights on priority factors to be considered when deciding on nutrient fortification policies from both public health and food industry perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Factors associated with the consumption of voluntarily fortified foods with micronutrients by the Portuguese population.\",\"authors\":\"Ana Pimenta-Martins, Daniela Correia, Catarina Carvalho, Carla Lopes, Ana Maria Gomes, Duarte Torres\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/nbu.12681\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>This study aimed to identify the sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with the consumption of voluntarily fortified foods with micronutrients (Mn-FF) by the Portuguese population, using data from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF 2015-2016). Food consumption, sociodemographic and other health-related factors, and physical activity data were computerised using the You Eat & Move e-platform. Foods consumed by participants and labelled foods reported as consumed were included in the database. Mn-FF were considered all foods containing added micronutrients legally authorised, and MN-FF users were those who consumed at least one Mn-FF on at least one of the dietary recall days. Approximately 57% of the population consumed at least one Mn-FF. Children and adolescents consumed significantly more Mn-FF than older age groups. The primary contributors to Mn-FF consumption were breakfast cereals and fat spreads. Being a child (female OR 2.07 [95% CI: 1.52, 2.83]; male OR 4.80 [95% CI: 3.23, 7.14]) or adolescent (female OR 1.62 [95% CI: 1.78, 2.22]; male OR 4.59 [95% CI: 3.26, 6.47]), having a higher level of education (female OR 1.52 [95% CI: 1.17, 1.99]; male OR 1.85 [95% CI: 1.42, 2.42]) and engaging in regular physical activity (female OR 1.31 [95% CI: 1.09, 1.58]; male OR 1.36 [95% CI: 1.11, 1.68]) were factors positively associated with Mn-FF consumption. Conversely, obesity (female OR 0.76 [95% CI: 0.60, 0.96]), living in predominantly rural areas (male OR 0.70 [95% CI: 0.49, 0.91]) and eating fewer mid-meals per day (female OR 0.60 [95% CI: 0.48, 0.76]; male OR 0.64 [95% CI: 0.49, 0.84]) were associated with lower Mn-FF consumption. Younger age, higher education and physical activity practice were positively associated with Mn-FF consumption. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
本研究旨在利用全国食品、营养和体力活动调查(IAN-AF 2015-2016)的数据,确定与葡萄牙人食用自愿添加微量营养素的强化食品(Mn-FF)相关的社会人口和健康相关因素。食品消费、社会人口和其他健康相关因素以及体育锻炼数据均通过 "你吃我动 "电子平台进行了计算机化处理。数据库中包括参与者食用的食物和报告食用的标示食物。锰-FF被认为是所有含有经合法授权添加的微量营养素的食品,而锰-FF的使用者是那些在至少一个膳食回顾日食用了至少一种锰-FF的人。约 57% 的人口至少食用过一种锰-FF。儿童和青少年的锰-FF摄入量明显高于年龄较大的人群。谷物早餐和脂肪涂抹食品是锰-FF 消费量的主要来源。儿童(女性 OR 2.07 [95% CI: 1.52, 2.83];男性 OR 4.80 [95% CI: 3.23, 7.14])或青少年(女性 OR 1.62 [95% CI: 1.78, 2.22];男性 OR 4.59 [95% CI: 3.26, 6.47])、受教育程度较高(女性 OR 1.52 [95% CI: 1.17, 1.99];男性 OR 1.85 [95% CI: 1.42, 2.42])和经常参加体育锻炼(女性 OR 1.31 [95% CI: 1.09, 1.58];男性 OR 1.36 [95% CI: 1.11, 1.68])是与锰-FF 消费量呈正相关的因素。相反,肥胖(女性 OR 0.76 [95% CI:0.60,0.96])、主要居住在农村地区(男性 OR 0.70 [95% CI:0.49,0.91])和每天吃中餐较少(女性 OR 0.60 [95% CI:0.48,0.76];男性 OR 0.64 [95% CI:0.49,0.84])与锰-FF 摄入量较低有关。年龄较小、教育程度较高和体育锻炼与锰-FF 的消耗量呈正相关。这些研究结果从公共卫生和食品行业的角度,就决定营养强化政策时应优先考虑的因素提供了重要启示。
Factors associated with the consumption of voluntarily fortified foods with micronutrients by the Portuguese population.
This study aimed to identify the sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with the consumption of voluntarily fortified foods with micronutrients (Mn-FF) by the Portuguese population, using data from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF 2015-2016). Food consumption, sociodemographic and other health-related factors, and physical activity data were computerised using the You Eat & Move e-platform. Foods consumed by participants and labelled foods reported as consumed were included in the database. Mn-FF were considered all foods containing added micronutrients legally authorised, and MN-FF users were those who consumed at least one Mn-FF on at least one of the dietary recall days. Approximately 57% of the population consumed at least one Mn-FF. Children and adolescents consumed significantly more Mn-FF than older age groups. The primary contributors to Mn-FF consumption were breakfast cereals and fat spreads. Being a child (female OR 2.07 [95% CI: 1.52, 2.83]; male OR 4.80 [95% CI: 3.23, 7.14]) or adolescent (female OR 1.62 [95% CI: 1.78, 2.22]; male OR 4.59 [95% CI: 3.26, 6.47]), having a higher level of education (female OR 1.52 [95% CI: 1.17, 1.99]; male OR 1.85 [95% CI: 1.42, 2.42]) and engaging in regular physical activity (female OR 1.31 [95% CI: 1.09, 1.58]; male OR 1.36 [95% CI: 1.11, 1.68]) were factors positively associated with Mn-FF consumption. Conversely, obesity (female OR 0.76 [95% CI: 0.60, 0.96]), living in predominantly rural areas (male OR 0.70 [95% CI: 0.49, 0.91]) and eating fewer mid-meals per day (female OR 0.60 [95% CI: 0.48, 0.76]; male OR 0.64 [95% CI: 0.49, 0.84]) were associated with lower Mn-FF consumption. Younger age, higher education and physical activity practice were positively associated with Mn-FF consumption. These findings provide important insights on priority factors to be considered when deciding on nutrient fortification policies from both public health and food industry perspectives.
期刊介绍:
The Nutrition Bulletin provides accessible reviews at the cutting edge of research. Read by researchers and nutritionists working in universities and research institutes; public health nutritionists, dieticians and other health professionals; nutritionists, technologists and others in the food industry; those engaged in higher education including students; and journalists with an interest in nutrition.