Yuanbo Pan, Junjie Cheng, Yang Zhu, Jianmin Zhang, Wenpei Fan and Xiaoyuan Chen
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In this review, we would like to summarize various types of immunological nanomaterials against metastasis. Moreover, this review will summarize a series of immunological nanomaterial-mediated immunotherapy strategies to combat metastasis, including immunogenic cell death, regulation of chemokines and cytokines, improving the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, activation of the STING pathway, enhancing cytotoxic natural killer cell activity, enhancing antigen presentation of dendritic cells, and enhancing chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. Furthermore, the synergistic anti-metastasis strategies based on the combinational use of immunotherapy and other therapeutic modalities will also be introduced. In addition, the nanomaterial-mediated imaging techniques (<em>e.g.</em>, optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, photoacoustic imaging, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, radionuclide imaging, <em>etc.</em>) for detecting metastasis and monitoring anti-metastasis efficacy are also summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of immunological nanomaterial-based anti-metastasis are also elucidated with the intention to accelerate its clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":40.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Immunological nanomaterials to combat cancer metastasis\",\"authors\":\"Yuanbo Pan, Junjie Cheng, Yang Zhu, Jianmin Zhang, Wenpei Fan and Xiaoyuan Chen\",\"doi\":\"10.1039/D2CS00968D\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p >Metastasis causes greater than 90% of cancer-associated deaths, presenting huge challenges for detection and efficient treatment of cancer due to its high heterogeneity and widespread dissemination to various organs. 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Moreover, this review will summarize a series of immunological nanomaterial-mediated immunotherapy strategies to combat metastasis, including immunogenic cell death, regulation of chemokines and cytokines, improving the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, activation of the STING pathway, enhancing cytotoxic natural killer cell activity, enhancing antigen presentation of dendritic cells, and enhancing chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. Furthermore, the synergistic anti-metastasis strategies based on the combinational use of immunotherapy and other therapeutic modalities will also be introduced. In addition, the nanomaterial-mediated imaging techniques (<em>e.g.</em>, optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, photoacoustic imaging, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, radionuclide imaging, <em>etc.</em>) for detecting metastasis and monitoring anti-metastasis efficacy are also summarized. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
在与癌症相关的死亡病例中,90%以上都是由癌症转移造成的,由于癌症的高度异质性和向各器官的广泛扩散,给癌症的检测和有效治疗带来了巨大挑战。因此,抗击癌症转移势在必行,这是彻底根除癌症的关键。免疫疗法作为一种系统性方法,在抗癌转移方面已显示出良好的潜力。然而,由于免疫反应不足,目前的临床免疫疗法并非对所有患者或所有类型的癌症转移都有效。近年来,具有内在免疫原性的免疫纳米材料或高效负载的免疫调节制剂已被证明可增强免疫反应以消除转移。在这篇综述中,我们将总结各种类型的抗转移免疫纳米材料。此外,本综述还将总结一系列免疫纳米材料介导的抗肿瘤转移免疫疗法策略,包括免疫原性细胞死亡、趋化因子和细胞因子调节、改善免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境、激活 STING 通路、增强细胞毒性自然杀伤细胞活性、增强树突状细胞的抗原递呈以及增强嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞疗法。此外,还将介绍基于免疫疗法和其他治疗方式联合使用的协同抗肿瘤策略。此外,还总结了纳米材料介导的成像技术(如光学成像、磁共振成像、计算机断层扫描、光声成像、表面增强拉曼散射、放射性核素成像等)在检测转移和监测抗转移疗效方面的应用。最后,还阐明了基于免疫纳米材料的抗转移疗法目前面临的挑战和未来前景,以期加速其临床转化。
Immunological nanomaterials to combat cancer metastasis
Metastasis causes greater than 90% of cancer-associated deaths, presenting huge challenges for detection and efficient treatment of cancer due to its high heterogeneity and widespread dissemination to various organs. Therefore, it is imperative to combat cancer metastasis, which is the key to achieving complete cancer eradication. Immunotherapy as a systemic approach has shown promising potential to combat metastasis. However, current clinical immunotherapies are not effective for all patients or all types of cancer metastases owing to insufficient immune responses. In recent years, immunological nanomaterials with intrinsic immunogenicity or immunomodulatory agents with efficient loading have been shown to enhance immune responses to eliminate metastasis. In this review, we would like to summarize various types of immunological nanomaterials against metastasis. Moreover, this review will summarize a series of immunological nanomaterial-mediated immunotherapy strategies to combat metastasis, including immunogenic cell death, regulation of chemokines and cytokines, improving the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, activation of the STING pathway, enhancing cytotoxic natural killer cell activity, enhancing antigen presentation of dendritic cells, and enhancing chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. Furthermore, the synergistic anti-metastasis strategies based on the combinational use of immunotherapy and other therapeutic modalities will also be introduced. In addition, the nanomaterial-mediated imaging techniques (e.g., optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, photoacoustic imaging, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, radionuclide imaging, etc.) for detecting metastasis and monitoring anti-metastasis efficacy are also summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of immunological nanomaterial-based anti-metastasis are also elucidated with the intention to accelerate its clinical translation.
期刊介绍:
Chemical Society Reviews is published by: Royal Society of Chemistry.
Focus: Review articles on topics of current interest in chemistry;
Predecessors: Quarterly Reviews, Chemical Society (1947–1971);
Current title: Since 1971;
Impact factor: 60.615 (2021);
Themed issues: Occasional themed issues on new and emerging areas of research in the chemical sciences