Sugarcane morphological responses enhancement via transverse thin cell layer with cytokinin’s and photoperiods treatments

Micropropagation of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) using the transverse Thin Cell Layer (tTCL) is a sustainable and efficient production alternative that has promoted the rapid multiplication with the purpose of improving the productivity. The objective was to establish a protocol for increasing the number of commercial propagules through tTCL. Apical meristems of the variety Mex 69–290 were established, afterwards, explants cut by tTCL (0.3–0.5 mm) were cultivated in MS medium supplemented with 6-belcylaminopurine (BAP; 0.50, 1.00 and 1.50 mg L⁻¹) and thidiazuron (TDZ; 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mg L⁻¹). Two incubation conditions: photoperiod 16 h light/8 h dark and complete darkness at a temperature of 22 ± 2 °C. After 60 days, the response percentage and morphometric analysis for each of the treatments were analyzed. Regarding the percentage of response, the treatment with 1 mg L⁻¹ of TDZ in complete darkness obtained 100% survival, being the best of the treatments. For the proliferation of shoots per explant it was observed a greater number of shoots (2.25 ± 0.39) under 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod conditions with 1 mg L⁻¹ of TDZ compared to the other concentrations of BAP and absence of photoperiod. During the acclimatization process was observed 97% of survival in plants with 1 mg L⁻¹ of TDZ under 16 h light/8 h dark. By incorporating TDZ and utilizing the tTCL technique sugarcane micropropagation can be enhanced. This approach increases the chances of obtaining a high number of plants that are suitable for commercial or investigation purpose.