当地环境条件决定了北极泻湖中离散鱼群的结构

IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Polar Biology Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI:10.1007/s00300-024-03239-8
Sarah M. Laske, Vanessa R. von Biela, Ashley E. Stanek, Kenneth H. Dunton
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引用次数: 0

摘要

海冰范围的快速变化和来自陆地的淡水输入量的变化正在迅速改变北极河口生态系统的性质。在波弗特海,这些近岸栖息地因其高产、海洋常住鱼类和溯河洄游鱼类的混合而闻名,这些鱼类对土著社区的生存具有重要价值。然而,关于北极近岸鱼类群落的空间变化与环境驱动因素的关系,目前还缺乏相关信息。2017-2019 年夏季,我们对四个河口生态系统的鱼类进行了采样,以评估群落组成,并将鱼类丰度与温度、盐度和风力条件联系起来。我们发现鱼类群落在较大的空间范围内具有异质性,河流形成的河口淡水羽流支持洄游物种(如宽白鲑Coregonus nasus),而淡水输入减少、盐度较高的泻湖则与海洋物种(如红花鳕Eleginus gracilis)有关。西风-东风方向的变化占群落变化的 66%,表明风力对淡水和海水水团平衡的重要性。盐度和温度分别占泻湖群落变化的 54% 和 37%。最近海冰的减少为风力影响海洋条件和生物群落提供了更多机会。更好地了解当前鱼类群落的分布情况对当前的生存实践、未来的商业捕鱼机会以及正在进行的石油和天然气活动都大有裨益。这项工作提供了有关鱼类空间分布和群落组成的重要数据,为鱼类群落应对不断变化的气候条件和人类活动提供了依据。
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Local environmental conditions structured discrete fish assemblages in Arctic lagoons

Rapid changes in sea ice extent and changes in freshwater inputs from land are rapidly changing the nature of Arctic estuarine ecosystems. In the Beaufort Sea, these nearshore habitats are known for their high productivity and mix of marine resident and diadromous fishes that have great subsistence value for Indigenous communities. There is, however, a lack of information on the spatial variation among Arctic nearshore fish communities as related to environmental drivers. In summers of 2017–2019, we sampled fishes in four estuarine ecosystems to assess community composition and relate fish abundance to temperature, salinity, and wind conditions. We found fish communities were heterogeneous over larger spatial extents with rivers forming fresh estuarine plumes that supported diadromous species (e.g., broad whitefish Coregonus nasus), while lagoons with reduced freshwater input and higher salinities were associated with marine species (e.g., saffron cod Eleginus gracilis). West–East directional winds accounted for up to 66% of the community variation, indicating importance of the wind-driven balance between fresh and marine water masses. Salinity and temperature accounted for up to 54% and 37% of the variation among lagoon communities, respectively. Recent sea ice declines provide more opportunity for wind to influence oceanographic conditions and biological communities. Current subsistence practices, future commercial fishing opportunities, and on-going oil and gas activities benefit from a better understanding of current fish community distributions. This work provides important data on fish spatial distributions and community composition, providing a basis for fish community response to changing climatic conditions and anthropogenic use.

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来源期刊
Polar Biology
Polar Biology 生物-生态学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
11.80%
发文量
116
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Polar Biology publishes Original Papers, Reviews, and Short Notes and is the focal point for biologists working in polar regions. It is also of interest to scientists working in biology in general, ecology and physiology, as well as in oceanography and climatology related to polar life. Polar Biology presents results of studies in plants, animals, and micro-organisms of marine, limnic and terrestrial habitats in polar and subpolar regions of both hemispheres. Taxonomy/ Biogeography Life History Spatio-temporal Patterns in Abundance and Diversity Ecological Interactions Trophic Ecology Ecophysiology/ Biochemistry of Adaptation Biogeochemical Pathways and Cycles Ecological Models Human Impact/ Climate Change/ Conservation
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