进口空气污染?中国进口塑料垃圾的证据

IF 5.5 3区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS Journal of Environmental Economics and Management Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jeem.2024.102996
Kerstin Unfried , Feicheng Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

过去几十年来,塑料垃圾贸易大幅增长,导致接受国出现严重的环境问题。作为最大的接收国,中国自 2018 年起永久禁止进口塑料垃圾。本文利用中国进口塑料废物的经验和近期的进口禁令,研究塑料废物进口对空气污染的因果效应。通过将 2000-2011 年塑料垃圾进口数据与城市层面的 PM2.5 数据相结合,我们发现塑料垃圾进口显著增加了接收城市的 PM2.5 密度。为了评估进口禁令对空气质量的影响,我们采用了 2015 年至 2020 年间的每日空气污染数据。我们的差分结果显示,相对于其他城市,受影响城市的空气质量在禁令实施后有了显著改善。进一步的分析表明,非回收垃圾焚烧量的增加是主要原因。这些发现让我们深入了解了其他国家进口塑料垃圾的成本以及禁止进口塑料垃圾可能带来的环境收益。
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Importing air pollution? Evidence from China’s plastic waste imports

Plastic waste trade has grown considerably in the last decades and has led to severe environmental problems in recipient countries. Being the largest recipient, China has permanently banned the imports of plastic waste since 2018. This paper examines the causal effect of plastic waste imports on air pollution by exploiting China’s experience of importing plastic waste and the recent import ban. By combining data on plastic waste imports with PM2.5 data at the city level for the years 2000–2011, we find that plastic waste imports increased PM2.5 density significantly in recipient cities. To evaluate the impact of the import ban on air quality, we employ daily data on air pollution between 2015 and 2020. Our difference-in-differences results show that affected cities, relative to other cities, experienced considerable improvement in air quality following the ban. Further analysis reveals that increased incineration of non-recycled waste is the main channel. These findings provide insights into the costs of importing plastic waste and the potential environmental gains from banning such imports in other countries.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
4.30%
发文量
91
期刊介绍: The Journal of Environmental Economics and Management publishes theoretical and empirical papers devoted to specific natural resources and environmental issues. For consideration, papers should (1) contain a substantial element embodying the linkage between economic systems and environmental and natural resources systems or (2) be of substantial importance in understanding the management and/or social control of the economy in its relations with the natural environment. Although the general orientation of the journal is toward economics, interdisciplinary papers by researchers in other fields of interest to resource and environmental economists will be welcomed.
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