通过高速同步辐射成像揭示电子束-粉末床聚变过程中的烟雾机理

IF 3.3 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI:10.3390/jmmp8030103
Jihui Ye, Nick Semjatov, Pidassa Bidola, Greta Lindwall, Carolin Körner
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摘要

电子束-粉末床熔融(PBF-EB)是一种增材制造工艺,利用电子束作为热源实现材料熔融。然而,使用电荷携带热源有时会导致粉末突然爆炸,通常被称为 "烟雾",从而导致工艺不稳定或终止。本实验研究利用原位高速同步辐射成像技术研究了烟雾的引发和传播。研究结果揭示了烟雾演变的两个关键机制。第一步,光束与粉末床相互作用,在大气中产生电隔离粒子。随后,通过光束的直接照射或后向散射电子的间接照射,这些被隔离的粒子带电。这些粒子在电斥力的作用下被加速,当它们撞击到粉末床时,大气中就会产生新的粒子。这就是被称为 "烟雾 "的雪崩过程的开始。基于这一认识,烟雾对光束返回时间、光束直径等工艺参数的依赖性可以得到合理解释。
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Revealing the Mechanisms of Smoke during Electron Beam–Powder Bed Fusion by High-Speed Synchrotron Radiography
Electron beam–powder bed fusion (PBF-EB) is an additive manufacturing process that utilizes an electron beam as the heat source to enable material fusion. However, the use of a charge-carrying heat source can sometimes result in sudden powder explosions, usually referred to as “Smoke”, which can lead to process instability or termination. This experimental study investigated the initiation and propagation of Smoke using in situ high-speed synchrotron radiography. The results reveal two key mechanisms for Smoke evolution. In the first step, the beam–powder bed interaction creates electrically isolated particles in the atmosphere. Subsequently, these isolated particles get charged either by direct irradiation by the beam or indirectly by back-scattered electrons. These particles are accelerated by electric repulsion, and new particles in the atmosphere are produced when they impinge on the powder bed. This is the onset of the avalanche process known as Smoke. Based on this understanding, the dependence of Smoke on process parameters such as beam returning time, beam diameter, etc., can be rationalized.
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来源期刊
Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing
Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing Engineering-Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
6.20%
发文量
129
审稿时长
11 weeks
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