An Anglosphere comparison of paramedicine regulatory frameworks and the influence on curricula: A descriptive comparative review

Paramedicine is a constantly evolving field, with paramedic education programmes needing to be adaptable to keep up with changes in the scope of practice. Regulatory frameworks are crucial in guiding university programmes, providing students with the knowledge, skills, and professional attributes necessary to be safe and competent practitioners. This study aimed to identify variations in regulatory structures, the factors that influence those variations, and how they influence curricula. A descriptive-comparative approach was taken to examine paramedic accreditation processes, curricula, and syllabi across five countries using a modified Brady's model and extending the Comparative Education model. The findings suggest that paramedic services, regulatory authorities, and tertiary institutions must adopt a multilateral approach to recognise paramedicine's evolving scope of practice. All three stakeholders are responsible for aligning regulatory frameworks with industry needs and providing curricula guidance to tertiary institutions. This approach will enable paramedic education programmes to remain relevant and adaptable to changes in the field, ensuring that graduates are safe and competent practitioners. In conclusion, this study highlights the need for a collaborative effort between paramedic services, regulatory authorities, and tertiary institutions to recognise paramedicine's evolving scope of practice. The need for recognition of this evolution in both regulatory frameworks and curricula is a significant concern, and a multilateral approach is required to address this issue. This study provides valuable insights into the factors that influence variations in regulatory structures and their influence on curricula.