Sabrina Castro-Scholten, Javier Caballero-Gómez, Remigio Martínez, Borja J. Nadales-Martín, David Cano-Terriza, Débora Jiménez-Martín, Susana Remesar, Saúl Jiménez-Ruiz, Félix Gómez-Guillamón, Ignacio García-Bocanegra
{"title":"西班牙地中海生态系统中野生袋鼬及其蜱虫中烧伤科克西氏菌的出现。","authors":"Sabrina Castro-Scholten, Javier Caballero-Gómez, Remigio Martínez, Borja J. Nadales-Martín, David Cano-Terriza, Débora Jiménez-Martín, Susana Remesar, Saúl Jiménez-Ruiz, Félix Gómez-Guillamón, Ignacio García-Bocanegra","doi":"10.1111/zph.13155","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p><i>Coxiella burnetii,</i> the causative agent of Q fever, is a zoonotic multi-host vector-borne pathogen of major public health importance. Although the European Food Safety Authority has recently made the monitoring of this bacterium in wildlife a priority, the role of wild lagomorphs in the transmission and maintenance of <i>C. burnetii</i> is poorly understood.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Aims</h3>\n \n <p>The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with <i>C. burnetii</i> circulation in European wild rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>) and Iberian hares (<i>Lepus granatensis</i>) and to assess the presence of this pathogen in ticks that feed on them in Mediterranean ecosystems in Spain, the country with the highest number of reported cases of Q fever in Europe.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>A total of 574 spleen samples were collected from 453 wild rabbits and 121 Iberian hares, and 513 ticks (processed in 120 pools) between the 2017/2018 and 2021/2022 hunting seasons.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p><i>C. burnetii</i> DNA was detected in 103 (17.9%; 95% CI: 14.8–21.1) of the 574 wild lagomorphs tested. By species, prevalence was 16.3% (74/453; 95% CI: 12.9–19.7) in the European wild rabbit and 24.0% (29/121; 95% CI: 16.4–31.6) in the Iberian hare. At least one positive lagomorph was found on 47.9% of the 96 hunting estates sampled and in every hunting season since 2018/2019. Two risk factors associated with <i>C. burnetii</i> infection were as follows: outbreak of myxomatosis on the hunting estate in the month prior to sampling and high tick abundance observed by gamekeepers on the hunting estate. <i>C. burnetii</i> DNA was also found in 33 of the 120 (27.5%; 95% CI: 19.5–35.5) tick pools tested. The pathogen was detected in 66.7% (4/6), 29.2% (26/89) and 21.4% (3/14) of <i>Haemaphysalis hispanica</i>, <i>Rhipicephalus pusillus</i> and <i>Hyalomma lusitanicum</i> pools respectively.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>This study provides new epidemiological data on <i>C. burnetii</i> in European wild rabbits and is the first survey on this zoonotic pathogen performed in Iberian hares. Our results indicate widespread endemic circulation of <i>C. burnetii</i> and highlight the importance of both wild lagomorph species as natural reservoirs of this zoonotic bacterium in Mediterranean ecosystems in southern Spain, which may be of public and animal health concern. The high prevalence and wide diversity of positive tick species suggest the possible role of ticks in the epidemiological cycle of <i>C. burnetii</i>, with the potential risk of transmission to sympatric species, including humans.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":24025,"journal":{"name":"Zoonoses and Public Health","volume":"71 5","pages":"549-559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13155","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in wild lagomorphs and their ticks in Spanish Mediterranean ecosystems\",\"authors\":\"Sabrina Castro-Scholten, Javier Caballero-Gómez, Remigio Martínez, Borja J. Nadales-Martín, David Cano-Terriza, Débora Jiménez-Martín, Susana Remesar, Saúl Jiménez-Ruiz, Félix Gómez-Guillamón, Ignacio García-Bocanegra\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/zph.13155\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p><i>Coxiella burnetii,</i> the causative agent of Q fever, is a zoonotic multi-host vector-borne pathogen of major public health importance. Although the European Food Safety Authority has recently made the monitoring of this bacterium in wildlife a priority, the role of wild lagomorphs in the transmission and maintenance of <i>C. burnetii</i> is poorly understood.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Aims</h3>\\n \\n <p>The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with <i>C. burnetii</i> circulation in European wild rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>) and Iberian hares (<i>Lepus granatensis</i>) and to assess the presence of this pathogen in ticks that feed on them in Mediterranean ecosystems in Spain, the country with the highest number of reported cases of Q fever in Europe.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>A total of 574 spleen samples were collected from 453 wild rabbits and 121 Iberian hares, and 513 ticks (processed in 120 pools) between the 2017/2018 and 2021/2022 hunting seasons.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p><i>C. burnetii</i> DNA was detected in 103 (17.9%; 95% CI: 14.8–21.1) of the 574 wild lagomorphs tested. By species, prevalence was 16.3% (74/453; 95% CI: 12.9–19.7) in the European wild rabbit and 24.0% (29/121; 95% CI: 16.4–31.6) in the Iberian hare. At least one positive lagomorph was found on 47.9% of the 96 hunting estates sampled and in every hunting season since 2018/2019. Two risk factors associated with <i>C. burnetii</i> infection were as follows: outbreak of myxomatosis on the hunting estate in the month prior to sampling and high tick abundance observed by gamekeepers on the hunting estate. <i>C. burnetii</i> DNA was also found in 33 of the 120 (27.5%; 95% CI: 19.5–35.5) tick pools tested. The pathogen was detected in 66.7% (4/6), 29.2% (26/89) and 21.4% (3/14) of <i>Haemaphysalis hispanica</i>, <i>Rhipicephalus pusillus</i> and <i>Hyalomma lusitanicum</i> pools respectively.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>This study provides new epidemiological data on <i>C. burnetii</i> in European wild rabbits and is the first survey on this zoonotic pathogen performed in Iberian hares. Our results indicate widespread endemic circulation of <i>C. burnetii</i> and highlight the importance of both wild lagomorph species as natural reservoirs of this zoonotic bacterium in Mediterranean ecosystems in southern Spain, which may be of public and animal health concern. The high prevalence and wide diversity of positive tick species suggest the possible role of ticks in the epidemiological cycle of <i>C. burnetii</i>, with the potential risk of transmission to sympatric species, including humans.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":24025,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Zoonoses and Public Health\",\"volume\":\"71 5\",\"pages\":\"549-559\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/zph.13155\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Zoonoses and Public Health\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/zph.13155\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Zoonoses and Public Health","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/zph.13155","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in wild lagomorphs and their ticks in Spanish Mediterranean ecosystems
Background
Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, is a zoonotic multi-host vector-borne pathogen of major public health importance. Although the European Food Safety Authority has recently made the monitoring of this bacterium in wildlife a priority, the role of wild lagomorphs in the transmission and maintenance of C. burnetii is poorly understood.
Aims
The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with C. burnetii circulation in European wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) and to assess the presence of this pathogen in ticks that feed on them in Mediterranean ecosystems in Spain, the country with the highest number of reported cases of Q fever in Europe.
Methods
A total of 574 spleen samples were collected from 453 wild rabbits and 121 Iberian hares, and 513 ticks (processed in 120 pools) between the 2017/2018 and 2021/2022 hunting seasons.
Results
C. burnetii DNA was detected in 103 (17.9%; 95% CI: 14.8–21.1) of the 574 wild lagomorphs tested. By species, prevalence was 16.3% (74/453; 95% CI: 12.9–19.7) in the European wild rabbit and 24.0% (29/121; 95% CI: 16.4–31.6) in the Iberian hare. At least one positive lagomorph was found on 47.9% of the 96 hunting estates sampled and in every hunting season since 2018/2019. Two risk factors associated with C. burnetii infection were as follows: outbreak of myxomatosis on the hunting estate in the month prior to sampling and high tick abundance observed by gamekeepers on the hunting estate. C. burnetii DNA was also found in 33 of the 120 (27.5%; 95% CI: 19.5–35.5) tick pools tested. The pathogen was detected in 66.7% (4/6), 29.2% (26/89) and 21.4% (3/14) of Haemaphysalis hispanica, Rhipicephalus pusillus and Hyalomma lusitanicum pools respectively.
Conclusions
This study provides new epidemiological data on C. burnetii in European wild rabbits and is the first survey on this zoonotic pathogen performed in Iberian hares. Our results indicate widespread endemic circulation of C. burnetii and highlight the importance of both wild lagomorph species as natural reservoirs of this zoonotic bacterium in Mediterranean ecosystems in southern Spain, which may be of public and animal health concern. The high prevalence and wide diversity of positive tick species suggest the possible role of ticks in the epidemiological cycle of C. burnetii, with the potential risk of transmission to sympatric species, including humans.
期刊介绍：
Zoonoses and Public Health brings together veterinary and human health researchers and policy-makers by providing a venue for publishing integrated and global approaches to zoonoses and public health. The Editors will consider papers that focus on timely collaborative and multi-disciplinary research in zoonoses and public health. This journal provides rapid publication of original papers, reviews, and potential discussion papers embracing this collaborative spirit. Papers should advance the scientific knowledge of the sources, transmission, prevention and control of zoonoses and be authored by scientists with expertise in areas such as microbiology, virology, parasitology and epidemiology. Articles that incorporate recent data into new methods, applications, or approaches (e.g. statistical modeling) which enhance public health are strongly encouraged.
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