Systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: Diagnostic approaches and challenges

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a leading cause of both morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Radiographic lung abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) imaging may be identified in 75–90% of those with SSc, while clinically significant ILD occurs in up to 40%. Early detection is important as early treatment in those with progressive ILD may improve outcomes. Appropriately risk-stratifying systemic sclerosis-associated ILD (SSc-ILD) is important in identifying those at highest risk of progression. This article summarises recent advances in SSc-ILD, particularly recommendations for screening, defining disease progression and monitoring.