Investigating the effect of welding tool length on mechanical strength of welded metallic matrix by molecular dynamics simulation

The welding process and the properties of welding instruments may improve the mechanical performance of an item. One of these properties is the length of the welding tool. This approach has a substantial effect on the mechanical strength of the metallic matrix. The current study used molecular dynamics modeling and LAMMPS software to evaluate the effect of welding tool length on the mechanical properties of a welded Cu–Ag metallic matrix. This simulation makes use of the Lennard-Jones potential function and the embedded atom model. First, the equilibrium phase of modeled samples was verified by changing the computation of kinetic and total energies. Next, the mechanical properties of the welded matrix were studied using the stated Young's modulus and ultimate strength. The stress-strain curve of samples demonstrated that the mechanical strength of atomic samples increased as the length of the welding tool (penetration depth) increased. Numerically, by increasing the tool penetration depth of Fe tools from 2 Å to 8 Å, Young's modulus and ultimate strength of the matrixes sample increase from 34.360 GPa to 1390.84 MPa to 38.44 GPa and 1510 MPa, respectively. This suggested that the length of the Fe welding tool significantly affected the mechanical properties of the welded metallic matrix. The longer the length of Fe welding tools, the more particles were involved, and consequently, more bonds were formed among the particles. Bonding among the particles caused changes in mechanical properties, such as greater ultimate strength. This method can optimize mechanical structures and be useful in various industries.