农业光伏结构大小对小麦供水影响评估案例研究

Paul Gigant, Caroline Godard, Amira Guellim, Blandine Thuel, Stéphane Heraud
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引用次数: 0

摘要

农业光伏(AV)系统是通过缓解极端天气条件来改善耕作条件的新解决方案。事实上,AV 系统会影响微气候,特别是决定土壤水分供应的气温、辐照度或蒸散量。为了评估作物水分胁迫保护情况并确保优化 AV 系统的大小,我们使用小气候模拟工具开发了一种方法。本文介绍了位于法国中部奥尔良附近的一个小麦案例研究,重点关注水分供应情况。该方法使用 AGRISOLEO 软件进行作物辐照度模拟,该软件已根据所研究的结构尺寸和适应小麦物候学的面板转向算法设置了参数。模拟结果按照 FAO-56 Penman-Monteith 方程用于蒸散模拟。本案例研究的结果表明,测试中的 AV 系统最多可减少 40% 的辐照度。在作物的关键生长阶段,通过控制面板旋转角度,使辐照度最大化,可将辐照度降低 17%。此外,AV 系统还可将水分压力降低 48%。小气候模拟工具显示,可以评估 AV 系统的大小对作物接受的辐照度和水胁迫保护的影响。此外,在作物的关键生长阶段控制太阳能电池板是动态视听系统协同作用的核心杠杆。本文介绍的方法不仅适用于小麦,还适用于更广泛的作物和气候条件,从而为优化视听系统的大小和农艺效益开辟了广阔的前景。
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Case Study of Impact Evaluation of Agrivoltaic Structure Sizing on Water Availability for Wheat
Agrivoltaic (AV) Systems are a new solution for cropping conditions improvement by mitigating extreme weather conditions. Indeed, AV Systems affect microclimate, notably Air Temperature, Irradiance or Evapotranspiration that determines Soil Water Availability. To evaluate crop water stress protection and ensure optimized AV Systems sizing, a methodology was developed using a microclimate simulation tool. This paper presents a case study of Wheat focused on Water Availability, from a project located near Orléans, Center France. The methodology uses Irradiance Simulations at crop level by AGRISOLEO software, which has been parameterized with the structures sizing under study and a panel steering algorithm adapted to wheat phenology. The results are used for evapotranspiration modelling following the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation. For this case study, results showed that AV Systems under test reduced irradiance up to 40%. This effect may be reduced up to 17% by controlling the panels rotation angle to maximize irradiance during crop’s key development stages. Furthermore, AV Systems reduced Water Stress up to 48%. Microclimate simulation tool demonstrated possibility to assess AV Systems sizing impact on irradiance received by crop and Water Stress protection. Moreover, controlling the solar panels at key development stages of the crop is the central lever in the synergy of dynamic AV Systems. The methodology presented here applies not only to Wheat but to a wider range of crops and climate conditions, hence opening promising perspectives to optimize AV systems sizing and agronomic benefits.
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