长期施肥和施肥对玉米粒营养质量的影响

Bommireddy Mamatha, G. Kadalli, Raghuveer Manjunath, Chandana Mudigiri, Kayitha Vilakar
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摘要

自 1986 年以来,班加罗尔的 UAS、GKVK 在 LTFE 小区开展了一项关于长期施肥和肥料对黍-稷种植系统下玉米(Zea mays L. )的土壤质量和营养质量的影响的研究。试验采用随机区组设计,共设 11 个处理,3 次重复。在 2021-2022 年拉比(第 35 个作物周期)期间,在 LTFE 小区内种植了杂交玉米,并对谷物品质进行了评估。施用 100% NPK+ FYM+ 石灰可显著提高谷物品质,如几何平均直径(7.63 毫米)、容重(791 公斤米-3)、千粒重(444.10 克)、色泽(L*72.91、a*4.68、b*27.48)、粗蛋白(10.35%)、灰分(1.73%)、水分(8.19%)和粗纤维(1.85%)。单独施用无机肥、100% N、100% NP 和对照处理的玉米籽粒质量较差。要保持良好的土壤质量和优质玉米产量,必须同时均衡施用有机肥和化肥。
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Effect of Longterm Fertilization and Manuring on Nutritional Quality of Maize Grain
A study on Effect of long term fertilization and manuring on soil quality and nutritional quality of maize (Zea mays L.) under finger millet-maize cropping system was carried out in LTFE plots which has been in progress since 1986 at UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru. Eleven treatments were laid in randomized block design with three replications. The hybrid maize was grown in LTFE plots during Rabi 2021-2022 (35th crop cycle) and qualities of grain were assessed. Application of 100 per cent NPK+ FYM+ lime recorded significantly higher grain quality viz., geometric mean diameter (7.63 mm), bulk density (791 kg m-3), 1000 grain mass (444.10 g), colour (L*72.91, a*4.68, b*27.48), crude protein (10.35%), ash (1.73%), moisture (8.19%) and crude fibre (1.85%). Inorganic fertilization alone, 100% N, 100% NP and control treatments recorded poor quality grain of maize. The conjoint use of organic manures along with chemical fertilizers in balanced form is essential to maintain good soil quality and for quality maize production.
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