Zahra Mohammed Alabbad, A. S. Alhaiz, Jawad Mohammad Alhabdan, Ali Sadiq Alhelal, Mohammed Yousef Alhassan, Abdulsattar Mohammad Albagshi, Mohammed Husain Alobaidan, Zahra Ibrahim Alkhalaf
{"title":"糖尿病视网膜病变及其筛查:沙特阿拉伯阿拉萨地区不同初级保健中心的初级保健医生的知识与实践","authors":"Zahra Mohammed Alabbad, A. S. Alhaiz, Jawad Mohammad Alhabdan, Ali Sadiq Alhelal, Mohammed Yousef Alhassan, Abdulsattar Mohammad Albagshi, Mohammed Husain Alobaidan, Zahra Ibrahim Alkhalaf","doi":"10.36106/ijsr/5720972","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness among the working class of people is fast emerging as one of the major cause of\noverall blindness. Study suggests an overall global prevalence of diabetic retinopathy to be 22.27%. Diabetic Retinopathy, the most common cause\nof blindness among the working age group, is preventable which can be prevented by early diagnosis and proper treatment. The key to reducing\nblindness due to retinopathy is early detection and treatment. The success of screening process to detect diabetic retinopathy especially at the\nprimary level depends on the level of knowledge and pattern of practice of the primary health care physicians on diabetic retinopathy and its\nscreening. The role of the physicians working at the primary health care centers is vital for early detection of diabetic retinopathy. The present study\nwas a primary health care centers' based study in which the knowledge and practice of all the primary health care physicians was assessed\nregarding the knowledge and practice towards diabetic retinopathy and its screening. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional survey\nconducted at the Primary Health Centers of Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. The study population was all the physicians working at different\nMinistry of Health operated Primary Health Care centers of Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. The study sample was calculated by Epi info software\nassuming that 40% of the primary health care physicians will have the poor knowledge about diabetic retinopathy and its screening.To achieve this\nat the 95% of condence interval with an acceptable error of 5%, at least 350 physicians were needed .The sampling was done by random sampling\nfrom the list of all the physicians working at the Primary Health care centers of Al Ahsa district. The selected participants were sent an e mail and\nwere requested to ll the google form with the questionnaires to answer. The data were collected on a pretested, pre designed questionnaires which\nwere made available to the participants on google form (online). The collected data were cleared, coded, entered and analyzed by the SPSS version\n26. Descriptive statistics were presented using counts, proportions (%), mean ± standard deviation whenever appropriate. The association of\ndemographic characteristics of the participants with the knowledge and practice pattern towards diabetic retinopathy and its screening were\nperformed using chi square test. .Ap-value cut off point of 0.05 at 95% CI was used to determine statistical signicance. The correct answer of the\nquestionnaire was awarded 1 mark while the incorrect answer with 0 mark. The mean of the marks was the cutoff point demarcating the good\nknowledge with poor knowledge. The score above the mean was considered as good knowledge. Results:Atotal of 293 subjects participated in this\nstudy. The mean age of the participants was 35.94 years.The majority of the participants were female (55.3%). Eighty seven percent (N=255) were\nmarried while 11.3% were unmarried and 1.7% were divorced. Almost forty ve percent of the participants (44.7%) were family physician\n(resident) followed by those who were resident physician (33.8%) and those who were specialist in family medicine (13.7%).. More than forty\nthree percent (43.3%) of the participants had family history of diabetes. The mean knowledge score of the participants was 3.95. Almost sixty\npercent of the participants (59.7%) were having good knowledge about the diabetic retinopathy. The level of good knowledge was signicantly\nhigher among the female participants than those of males. As the qualication of the participants increased ,Higher percentage of post graduate\nparticipants had good knowledge about the diabetic retinopathy as compared to those with bachelor degree and diploma holder (74.19% vs.56.42%\nvs.54.94%, P =0.045). Those participants who had family history of diabetes were hsaving better knowledge about diabetic retinopathy as\ncompared to thopse who did not have (59.05% vs.54.21, P=0.032).","PeriodicalId":14358,"journal":{"name":"International journal of scientific research","volume":"63 S291","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AND ITS SCREENING: KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PHYSICIANS WORKING AT DIFFERENT PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTERS OF ALAHSA DISTRICT OF SAUDI ARABIA\",\"authors\":\"Zahra Mohammed Alabbad, A. S. Alhaiz, Jawad Mohammad Alhabdan, Ali Sadiq Alhelal, Mohammed Yousef Alhassan, Abdulsattar Mohammad Albagshi, Mohammed Husain Alobaidan, Zahra Ibrahim Alkhalaf\",\"doi\":\"10.36106/ijsr/5720972\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Background: Diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness among the working class of people is fast emerging as one of the major cause of\\noverall blindness. Study suggests an overall global prevalence of diabetic retinopathy to be 22.27%. Diabetic Retinopathy, the most common cause\\nof blindness among the working age group, is preventable which can be prevented by early diagnosis and proper treatment. The key to reducing\\nblindness due to retinopathy is early detection and treatment. The success of screening process to detect diabetic retinopathy especially at the\\nprimary level depends on the level of knowledge and pattern of practice of the primary health care physicians on diabetic retinopathy and its\\nscreening. The role of the physicians working at the primary health care centers is vital for early detection of diabetic retinopathy. The present study\\nwas a primary health care centers' based study in which the knowledge and practice of all the primary health care physicians was assessed\\nregarding the knowledge and practice towards diabetic retinopathy and its screening. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional survey\\nconducted at the Primary Health Centers of Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. The study population was all the physicians working at different\\nMinistry of Health operated Primary Health Care centers of Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. The study sample was calculated by Epi info software\\nassuming that 40% of the primary health care physicians will have the poor knowledge about diabetic retinopathy and its screening.To achieve this\\nat the 95% of condence interval with an acceptable error of 5%, at least 350 physicians were needed .The sampling was done by random sampling\\nfrom the list of all the physicians working at the Primary Health care centers of Al Ahsa district. The selected participants were sent an e mail and\\nwere requested to ll the google form with the questionnaires to answer. The data were collected on a pretested, pre designed questionnaires which\\nwere made available to the participants on google form (online). The collected data were cleared, coded, entered and analyzed by the SPSS version\\n26. Descriptive statistics were presented using counts, proportions (%), mean ± standard deviation whenever appropriate. The association of\\ndemographic characteristics of the participants with the knowledge and practice pattern towards diabetic retinopathy and its screening were\\nperformed using chi square test. .Ap-value cut off point of 0.05 at 95% CI was used to determine statistical signicance. The correct answer of the\\nquestionnaire was awarded 1 mark while the incorrect answer with 0 mark. The mean of the marks was the cutoff point demarcating the good\\nknowledge with poor knowledge. The score above the mean was considered as good knowledge. Results:Atotal of 293 subjects participated in this\\nstudy. The mean age of the participants was 35.94 years.The majority of the participants were female (55.3%). Eighty seven percent (N=255) were\\nmarried while 11.3% were unmarried and 1.7% were divorced. Almost forty ve percent of the participants (44.7%) were family physician\\n(resident) followed by those who were resident physician (33.8%) and those who were specialist in family medicine (13.7%).. More than forty\\nthree percent (43.3%) of the participants had family history of diabetes. The mean knowledge score of the participants was 3.95. Almost sixty\\npercent of the participants (59.7%) were having good knowledge about the diabetic retinopathy. The level of good knowledge was signicantly\\nhigher among the female participants than those of males. As the qualication of the participants increased ,Higher percentage of post graduate\\nparticipants had good knowledge about the diabetic retinopathy as compared to those with bachelor degree and diploma holder (74.19% vs.56.42%\\nvs.54.94%, P =0.045). Those participants who had family history of diabetes were hsaving better knowledge about diabetic retinopathy as\\ncompared to thopse who did not have (59.05% vs.54.21, P=0.032).\",\"PeriodicalId\":14358,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International journal of scientific research\",\"volume\":\"63 S291\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International journal of scientific research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/5720972\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International journal of scientific research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/5720972","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AND ITS SCREENING: KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PHYSICIANS WORKING AT DIFFERENT PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTERS OF ALAHSA DISTRICT OF SAUDI ARABIA
Background: Diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness among the working class of people is fast emerging as one of the major cause of
overall blindness. Study suggests an overall global prevalence of diabetic retinopathy to be 22.27%. Diabetic Retinopathy, the most common cause
of blindness among the working age group, is preventable which can be prevented by early diagnosis and proper treatment. The key to reducing
blindness due to retinopathy is early detection and treatment. The success of screening process to detect diabetic retinopathy especially at the
primary level depends on the level of knowledge and pattern of practice of the primary health care physicians on diabetic retinopathy and its
screening. The role of the physicians working at the primary health care centers is vital for early detection of diabetic retinopathy. The present study
was a primary health care centers' based study in which the knowledge and practice of all the primary health care physicians was assessed
regarding the knowledge and practice towards diabetic retinopathy and its screening. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional survey
conducted at the Primary Health Centers of Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. The study population was all the physicians working at different
Ministry of Health operated Primary Health Care centers of Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. The study sample was calculated by Epi info software
assuming that 40% of the primary health care physicians will have the poor knowledge about diabetic retinopathy and its screening.To achieve this
at the 95% of condence interval with an acceptable error of 5%, at least 350 physicians were needed .The sampling was done by random sampling
from the list of all the physicians working at the Primary Health care centers of Al Ahsa district. The selected participants were sent an e mail and
were requested to ll the google form with the questionnaires to answer. The data were collected on a pretested, pre designed questionnaires which
were made available to the participants on google form (online). The collected data were cleared, coded, entered and analyzed by the SPSS version
26. Descriptive statistics were presented using counts, proportions (%), mean ± standard deviation whenever appropriate. The association of
demographic characteristics of the participants with the knowledge and practice pattern towards diabetic retinopathy and its screening were
performed using chi square test. .Ap-value cut off point of 0.05 at 95% CI was used to determine statistical signicance. The correct answer of the
questionnaire was awarded 1 mark while the incorrect answer with 0 mark. The mean of the marks was the cutoff point demarcating the good
knowledge with poor knowledge. The score above the mean was considered as good knowledge. Results:Atotal of 293 subjects participated in this
study. The mean age of the participants was 35.94 years.The majority of the participants were female (55.3%). Eighty seven percent (N=255) were
married while 11.3% were unmarried and 1.7% were divorced. Almost forty ve percent of the participants (44.7%) were family physician
(resident) followed by those who were resident physician (33.8%) and those who were specialist in family medicine (13.7%).. More than forty
three percent (43.3%) of the participants had family history of diabetes. The mean knowledge score of the participants was 3.95. Almost sixty
percent of the participants (59.7%) were having good knowledge about the diabetic retinopathy. The level of good knowledge was signicantly
higher among the female participants than those of males. As the qualication of the participants increased ,Higher percentage of post graduate
participants had good knowledge about the diabetic retinopathy as compared to those with bachelor degree and diploma holder (74.19% vs.56.42%
vs.54.94%, P =0.045). Those participants who had family history of diabetes were hsaving better knowledge about diabetic retinopathy as
compared to thopse who did not have (59.05% vs.54.21, P=0.032).