孕期脂肪因子

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI:10.1016/bs.acc.2024.04.006
Monika Dawid, Karolina Pich, Ewa Mlyczyńska, Natalia Respekta-Długosz, Dominka Wachowska, Aleksandra Greggio, Oliwia Szkraba, Patrycja Kurowska, Agnieszka Rak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从卵子受精、胚胎植入、胎盘形成到细胞增殖、凋亡、血管生成、内分泌或新陈代谢变化等过程,这些过程共同作用,最终孕育出健康的后代。目前,已知有许多因素会影响人类、家畜或啮齿动物妊娠的调节和正常维持。生殖成功的决定因素包括:母体微环境、基因、蛋白质以及多种妊娠激素,它们能调节最重要的过程并确保机体平衡。众所周知,白色脂肪组织是人体最大的内分泌腺,参与合成和分泌属于脂肪因子家族的多种激素,这些激素也可能调节妊娠过程。不幸的是,超重和肥胖会导致体内脂肪组织的扩张,而妇女和动物体内脂肪组织的过剩又会导致脂肪因子的合成和释放发生变化,进而转化为妊娠期间的剧烈变化,包括对妊娠正常进行至关重要的器官(即胎盘)中发生的变化。在本章中,我们将结合人类、家畜和啮齿类动物妊娠期的生理和病理状况,如妊娠糖尿病、子痫前期或宫内生长受限等,总结目前有关脂肪因子水平及其在胎盘中作用的知识。
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Adipokines in pregnancy.

Reproductive success consists of a sequential events chronology, starting with the ovum fertilization, implantation of the embryo, placentation, and cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, endocrinology, or metabolic changes, which taken together finally conduct the birth of healthy offspring. Currently, many factors are known that affect the regulation and proper maintenance of pregnancy in humans, domestic animals, or rodents. Among the determinants of reproductive success should be distinguished: the maternal microenvironment, genes, and proteins as well as numerous pregnancy hormones that regulate the most important processes and ensure organism homeostasis. It is well known that white adipose tissue, as the largest endocrine gland in our body, participates in the synthesis and secretion of numerous hormones belonging to the adipokine family, which also may regulate the course of pregnancy. Unfortunately, overweight and obesity lead to the expansion of adipose tissue in the body, and its excess in both women and animals contributes to changes in the synthesis and release of adipokines, which in turn translates into dramatic changes during pregnancy, including those taking place in the organ that is crucial for the proper progress of pregnancy, i.e. the placenta. In this chapter, we are summarizing the current knowledge about levels of adipokines and their role in the placenta, taking into account the physiological and pathological conditions of pregnancy, e.g. gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, or intrauterine growth restriction in humans, domestic animals, and rodents.

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