Raphael Z Sangeda, Sahani M William, Faustine C Masatu, Adonis Bitegeko, Yonah H Mwalwisi, Emmanuel A Nkiligi, Pius G Horumpende, Adam M Fimbo
{"title":"坦桑尼亚的抗生素使用模式:利用坦桑尼亚药品和医疗器械管理局的数据,比较 COVID-19 大流行前和大流行期间的回顾性纵向研究。","authors":"Raphael Z Sangeda, Sahani M William, Faustine C Masatu, Adonis Bitegeko, Yonah H Mwalwisi, Emmanuel A Nkiligi, Pius G Horumpende, Adam M Fimbo","doi":"10.1093/jacamr/dlae081","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health concern globally, and misuse of antibiotics is a major contributor.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated antibiotic utilization patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania using data from the Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority (TMDA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective longitudinal study analysed secondary data. The study compared antibiotics consumption in defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) in two distinct eras: 2018-2019 as the pre-COVID-19 era and 2020-2021 as the intra-COVID-19 era. A sample <i>t</i>-test was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study analysed 10 614 records and found an overall increase in antibiotics consumption from 2018 to 2021. We found that the consumption was 61.24 DID in the intra-COVID-19 era and 50.32 DID in the pre-COVID-19 era. Levofloxacin had the highest percentage increase in use, with a 700% increase in DID during the intra-COVID-19 era. Azithromycin had a 163.79% increase, while cefotaxime had a 600% increase. By contrast, some antibiotics exhibited a decrease in usage during the intra-COVID-19 era, such as nalidixic acid, which had a 100% decrease, and cefpodoxime, which had a 66.67% decrease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased antibiotic consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the importance of implementing effective antimicrobial stewardship strategies to prevent AMR, especially during pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":14594,"journal":{"name":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11128939/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Antibiotic utilization patterns in Tanzania: a retrospective longitudinal study comparing pre- and intra-COVID-19 pandemic era using Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority data.\",\"authors\":\"Raphael Z Sangeda, Sahani M William, Faustine C Masatu, Adonis Bitegeko, Yonah H Mwalwisi, Emmanuel A Nkiligi, Pius G Horumpende, Adam M Fimbo\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/jacamr/dlae081\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health concern globally, and misuse of antibiotics is a major contributor.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated antibiotic utilization patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania using data from the Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority (TMDA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective longitudinal study analysed secondary data. The study compared antibiotics consumption in defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) in two distinct eras: 2018-2019 as the pre-COVID-19 era and 2020-2021 as the intra-COVID-19 era. A sample <i>t</i>-test was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study analysed 10 614 records and found an overall increase in antibiotics consumption from 2018 to 2021. We found that the consumption was 61.24 DID in the intra-COVID-19 era and 50.32 DID in the pre-COVID-19 era. Levofloxacin had the highest percentage increase in use, with a 700% increase in DID during the intra-COVID-19 era. Azithromycin had a 163.79% increase, while cefotaxime had a 600% increase. By contrast, some antibiotics exhibited a decrease in usage during the intra-COVID-19 era, such as nalidixic acid, which had a 100% decrease, and cefpodoxime, which had a 66.67% decrease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased antibiotic consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the importance of implementing effective antimicrobial stewardship strategies to prevent AMR, especially during pandemics.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14594,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11128939/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlae081\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/6/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlae081","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/6/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Antibiotic utilization patterns in Tanzania: a retrospective longitudinal study comparing pre- and intra-COVID-19 pandemic era using Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority data.
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health concern globally, and misuse of antibiotics is a major contributor.
Objective: This study investigated antibiotic utilization patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania using data from the Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority (TMDA).
Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study analysed secondary data. The study compared antibiotics consumption in defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) in two distinct eras: 2018-2019 as the pre-COVID-19 era and 2020-2021 as the intra-COVID-19 era. A sample t-test was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.
Results: The study analysed 10 614 records and found an overall increase in antibiotics consumption from 2018 to 2021. We found that the consumption was 61.24 DID in the intra-COVID-19 era and 50.32 DID in the pre-COVID-19 era. Levofloxacin had the highest percentage increase in use, with a 700% increase in DID during the intra-COVID-19 era. Azithromycin had a 163.79% increase, while cefotaxime had a 600% increase. By contrast, some antibiotics exhibited a decrease in usage during the intra-COVID-19 era, such as nalidixic acid, which had a 100% decrease, and cefpodoxime, which had a 66.67% decrease.
Conclusions: Increased antibiotic consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the importance of implementing effective antimicrobial stewardship strategies to prevent AMR, especially during pandemics.