{"title":"Scleromitrion diffusum 和 Oldenlandia corymbosa 的比较研究:显微镜、TLC、HPLC 和抗氧化活性。","authors":"Yu-Ling Ho, Thanh-Thuy-Dung Au, Hung-Yi Wu, Kun-Chang Wu, Yuan-Shiun Chang","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24611","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <p>Quality control of herbal medicines is crucial, especially the role of herbal drug identification. This is essential for preventing the misuse of herbs, which can affect efficacy or cause toxicity. <i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> is a common herb, yet it is often mistaken for <i>Oldenlandia corymbosa.</i> This study analyzed the morphology, microscopy, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using two markers, asperuloside and scandoside methyl ester, to distinguish between <i>S. diffusum</i> and <i>O. corymbosa</i> with the analysis included 10 samples of <i>S. diffusum</i> and 10 samples of <i>O. corymbosa</i> collected from the Taiwan market. By quantifying the total polyphenols and flavonoids, we investigated the antioxidant activity, including the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging effect, 2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS<sup>•+</sup>) scavenging effect, and reducing power to further elucidate the biological effects of the two herbs. The results of this study revealed notable differences in microscopy and suggested a TLC method for distinguishing between the two herbs in the market. In HPLC, the ratios of asperuloside and scandoside methyl ester differed between the two herbs. <i>S. diffusum</i> contained a higher asperuloside content. In contrast, <i>O. corymbosa</i> contained higher concentrations of scandoside methyl esters. With more total polyphenols and flavonoids in <i>S. diffusum</i> than those in <i>O. corymbosa</i>, the antioxidant activity of <i>S. diffusum</i> was superior to that of <i>O. corymbosa</i>. This study provides a comprehensive understanding for the identification and quality evaluation of <i>S. diffusum</i> in the market.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Research Highlights</h3>\n \n <div>\n <ol>\n \n <li>The study consolidates and clarifies the morphological and microscopic differences between <i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> and <i>Oldenlandia corymbosa</i> – a common adulterant species of <i>S. diffusum</i> on the Taiwan markets.</li>\n \n <li>Using Asperuloside and Scandoside methyl ester as two chemical markers, the study proposes a TLC method for rapidly testing <i>S. diffusum</i> and <i>O. corymbosa</i> on the market. Through HPLC analysis, our results showed that <i>S. diffusum</i> and <i>O. corymbosa</i> had a clear difference in the ratio of two markers, Asperuloside and Scandoside methyl ester: Asperuloside/Scandoside methyl ester in <i>S. diffusum</i> is higher than that in <i>O. corymbosa.</i></li>\n \n <li>Through phytochemicals contents, including total phenols content, flavonoids content, and antioxidant activity, including DPPH, ABTS<sup>•+</sup> scavenging activity, and reducing power, <i>S. diffusum</i> showed slightly higher levels of phenols and flavonoids as well as a better antioxidant activity than <i>O. corymbosa.</i></li>\n </ol>\n </div>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jemt.24611","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Comparative study of Scleromitrion diffusum and Oldenlandia corymbosa: Microscopy, TLC, HPLC, and antioxidant activity\",\"authors\":\"Yu-Ling Ho, Thanh-Thuy-Dung Au, Hung-Yi Wu, Kun-Chang Wu, Yuan-Shiun Chang\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jemt.24611\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <p>Quality control of herbal medicines is crucial, especially the role of herbal drug identification. This is essential for preventing the misuse of herbs, which can affect efficacy or cause toxicity. <i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> is a common herb, yet it is often mistaken for <i>Oldenlandia corymbosa.</i> This study analyzed the morphology, microscopy, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using two markers, asperuloside and scandoside methyl ester, to distinguish between <i>S. diffusum</i> and <i>O. corymbosa</i> with the analysis included 10 samples of <i>S. diffusum</i> and 10 samples of <i>O. corymbosa</i> collected from the Taiwan market. By quantifying the total polyphenols and flavonoids, we investigated the antioxidant activity, including the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging effect, 2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS<sup>•+</sup>) scavenging effect, and reducing power to further elucidate the biological effects of the two herbs. The results of this study revealed notable differences in microscopy and suggested a TLC method for distinguishing between the two herbs in the market. In HPLC, the ratios of asperuloside and scandoside methyl ester differed between the two herbs. <i>S. diffusum</i> contained a higher asperuloside content. In contrast, <i>O. corymbosa</i> contained higher concentrations of scandoside methyl esters. With more total polyphenols and flavonoids in <i>S. diffusum</i> than those in <i>O. corymbosa</i>, the antioxidant activity of <i>S. diffusum</i> was superior to that of <i>O. corymbosa</i>. This study provides a comprehensive understanding for the identification and quality evaluation of <i>S. diffusum</i> in the market.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Research Highlights</h3>\\n \\n <div>\\n <ol>\\n \\n <li>The study consolidates and clarifies the morphological and microscopic differences between <i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> and <i>Oldenlandia corymbosa</i> – a common adulterant species of <i>S. diffusum</i> on the Taiwan markets.</li>\\n \\n <li>Using Asperuloside and Scandoside methyl ester as two chemical markers, the study proposes a TLC method for rapidly testing <i>S. diffusum</i> and <i>O. corymbosa</i> on the market. Through HPLC analysis, our results showed that <i>S. diffusum</i> and <i>O. corymbosa</i> had a clear difference in the ratio of two markers, Asperuloside and Scandoside methyl ester: Asperuloside/Scandoside methyl ester in <i>S. diffusum</i> is higher than that in <i>O. corymbosa.</i></li>\\n \\n <li>Through phytochemicals contents, including total phenols content, flavonoids content, and antioxidant activity, including DPPH, ABTS<sup>•+</sup> scavenging activity, and reducing power, <i>S. diffusum</i> showed slightly higher levels of phenols and flavonoids as well as a better antioxidant activity than <i>O. corymbosa.</i></li>\\n </ol>\\n </div>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18684,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Microscopy Research and Technique\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jemt.24611\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Microscopy Research and Technique\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jemt.24611\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Microscopy Research and Technique","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jemt.24611","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
中草药的质量控制至关重要,尤其是中草药鉴别的作用。这对防止滥用草药至关重要,因为滥用草药会影响药效或导致中毒。Scleromitrion diffusum 是一种常见的草药,但经常被误认为是 Oldenlandia corymbosa。本研究通过形态学、显微镜、薄层色谱法(TLC)和高压液相色谱法(HPLC),分析了从台湾市场采集的 10 个 S. diffusum 样品和 10 个 O. corymbosa 样品,并使用天冬皂苷(asperuloside)和山苍子皂苷甲酯(scandoside methyl ester)这两种标记物来区分 S. diffusum 和 O. corymbosa。通过量化总多酚和类黄酮,我们研究了抗氧化活性,包括 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基清除效果、2,2'-偶氮-双 3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸(ABTS-+)清除效果和还原力,以进一步阐明两种草药的生物效应。研究结果显示了显微镜下的显著差异,并建议采用 TLC 方法来区分市场上的这两种药材。在高效液相色谱法中,两种药材的天南星苷和山苍子苷甲酯的比例不同。S. diffusum 含有较高的金丝桃苷。相比之下,O. corymbosa 含有更高浓度的山苍子苷甲酯。散尾草的总多酚和类黄酮含量高于苍耳子,因此散尾草的抗氧化活性优于苍耳子。这项研究为在市场上鉴别和评估白花蛇舌草的质量提供了一个全面的认识。研究亮点:该研究巩固并澄清了台湾市场上常见的掺假 S. diffusum 品种 Scleromitrion diffusum 与 Oldenlandia corymbosa 的形态和显微差异。本研究以金银花苷(Asperuloside)和金银花苷甲酯(Scandoside methyl ester)作为两种化学标记,提出了一种 TLC 方法,用于快速检测市场上的 S. diffusum 和 O. corymbosa。通过高效液相色谱分析,我们的结果表明,弥猴桃和苍耳子在两种标记物--金银花苷和山莨菪碱甲酯--的比例上存在明显差异:弥猴桃苷/山莨菪碱甲酯的含量高于苍耳子苷/山莨菪碱甲酯。通过植物化学物质含量(包括总酚含量、黄酮类化合物含量)和抗氧化活性(包括 DPPH、ABTS-+ 清除活性和还原力),S. diffusum 的酚类和黄酮类化合物含量略高于 O. corymbosa,抗氧化活性也优于 O. corymbosa。
Comparative study of Scleromitrion diffusum and Oldenlandia corymbosa: Microscopy, TLC, HPLC, and antioxidant activity
Quality control of herbal medicines is crucial, especially the role of herbal drug identification. This is essential for preventing the misuse of herbs, which can affect efficacy or cause toxicity. Scleromitrion diffusum is a common herb, yet it is often mistaken for Oldenlandia corymbosa. This study analyzed the morphology, microscopy, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using two markers, asperuloside and scandoside methyl ester, to distinguish between S. diffusum and O. corymbosa with the analysis included 10 samples of S. diffusum and 10 samples of O. corymbosa collected from the Taiwan market. By quantifying the total polyphenols and flavonoids, we investigated the antioxidant activity, including the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging effect, 2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+) scavenging effect, and reducing power to further elucidate the biological effects of the two herbs. The results of this study revealed notable differences in microscopy and suggested a TLC method for distinguishing between the two herbs in the market. In HPLC, the ratios of asperuloside and scandoside methyl ester differed between the two herbs. S. diffusum contained a higher asperuloside content. In contrast, O. corymbosa contained higher concentrations of scandoside methyl esters. With more total polyphenols and flavonoids in S. diffusum than those in O. corymbosa, the antioxidant activity of S. diffusum was superior to that of O. corymbosa. This study provides a comprehensive understanding for the identification and quality evaluation of S. diffusum in the market.
Research Highlights
The study consolidates and clarifies the morphological and microscopic differences between Scleromitrion diffusum and Oldenlandia corymbosa – a common adulterant species of S. diffusum on the Taiwan markets.
Using Asperuloside and Scandoside methyl ester as two chemical markers, the study proposes a TLC method for rapidly testing S. diffusum and O. corymbosa on the market. Through HPLC analysis, our results showed that S. diffusum and O. corymbosa had a clear difference in the ratio of two markers, Asperuloside and Scandoside methyl ester: Asperuloside/Scandoside methyl ester in S. diffusum is higher than that in O. corymbosa.
Through phytochemicals contents, including total phenols content, flavonoids content, and antioxidant activity, including DPPH, ABTS•+ scavenging activity, and reducing power, S. diffusum showed slightly higher levels of phenols and flavonoids as well as a better antioxidant activity than O. corymbosa.
期刊介绍:
Microscopy Research and Technique (MRT) publishes articles on all aspects of advanced microscopy original architecture and methodologies with applications in the biological, clinical, chemical, and materials sciences. Original basic and applied research as well as technical papers dealing with the various subsets of microscopy are encouraged. MRT is the right form for those developing new microscopy methods or using the microscope to answer key questions in basic and applied research.