人工智能在牙髓病学中的应用。

Journal of dental research Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI:10.1177/00220345241255593
F C Setzer, J Li, A A Khan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

牙髓病学是牙科专业中最主要研究牙髓和根周组织疾病的学科。临床医生经常面对症状各异的患者,必须严格评估二维和三维放射影像,做出复杂的诊断和决策,并进行复杂的治疗。由于放射影像判读的观察者内部和观察者之间的一致性较低,以及非标准化临床技术导致的治疗效果差异,因此对人工智能(AI)形式的支持存在着尚未满足的需求,即在治疗过程中提供自动生物医学图像分析、决策支持和帮助。在过去十年中,人工智能在牙髓病学领域的研究稳步增加,但临床应用有限。这篇综述着重于批判性地评估牙髓病学人工智能研究在临床应用方面的最新进展,包括根尖周病变、骨折和吸收等牙髓病学病理的检测和诊断,以及临床治疗结果预测。报告讨论了人工智能辅助诊断、治疗规划和执行的优势,以及包括增强现实技术和机器人技术在内的未来发展方向。它批判性地回顾了牙髓病学数据集的性质、人工智能的透明度和通用性以及潜在的道德困境所带来的限制和挑战。在不久的将来,人工智能将极大地影响牙髓病学的日常工作流程、教育和持续学习。
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The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Endodontics.

Endodontics is the dental specialty foremost concerned with diseases of the pulp and periradicular tissues. Clinicians often face patients with varying symptoms, must critically assess radiographic images in 2 and 3 dimensions, derive complex diagnoses and decision making, and deliver sophisticated treatment. Paired with low intra- and interobserver agreement for radiographic interpretation and variations in treatment outcome resulting from nonstandardized clinical techniques, there exists an unmet need for support in the form of artificial intelligence (AI), providing automated biomedical image analysis, decision support, and assistance during treatment. In the past decade, there has been a steady increase in AI studies in endodontics but limited clinical application. This review focuses on critically assessing the recent advancements in endodontic AI research for clinical applications, including the detection and diagnosis of endodontic pathologies such as periapical lesions, fractures and resorptions, as well as clinical treatment outcome predictions. It discusses the benefits of AI-assisted diagnosis, treatment planning and execution, and future directions including augmented reality and robotics. It critically reviews the limitations and challenges imposed by the nature of endodontic data sets, AI transparency and generalization, and potential ethical dilemmas. In the near future, AI will significantly affect the everyday endodontic workflow, education, and continuous learning.

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