{"title":"痴呆症在 APOE4 与全因死亡率之间关系中的作用:两项人群队列研究的汇总分析。","authors":"Mélina Régy PhD , Aline Dugravot PhD , Séverine Sabia PhD , Catherine Helmer PhD , Prof Christophe Tzourio PhD , Prof Bernard Hanseeuw PhD , Prof Archana Singh-Manoux PhD , Prof Julien Dumurgier PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2666-7568(24)00066-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (<em>APOE4</em>) plays a role in neurodegeneration and in cardiovascular disease, but findings on its association with mortality are inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between <em>APOE4</em> and mortality, and the role of dementia in this association.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this pooled analysis, data on White participants aged 45–90 years who underwent <em>APOE</em> genotyping were drawn from two population-based cohorts: the Whitehall II study (UK), which began in 1985 and is ongoing, and the Three-City study (France), initiated in 1999 and ended in 2012. In the Three-City study, vital status was ascertained through linkage to the national registry of death Institut National de la Statistique des Études économiques, and dementia was ascertained via a neuropsychological evaluation and validation of diagnoses by an independent committee of neurologists and geriatricians. In the Whitehall II study, vital status was ascertained through linkage to the UK national mortality register, and dementia cases were ascertained by linkage to three national registers. Participants with prevalent dementia at baseline and participants missing an <em>APOE</em> genotype were excluded from <em>analyses</em>. Cox regression proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of <em>APOE4</em> with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. The role of dementia in the association between <em>APOE4</em> status and mortality was examined by excluding participants who developed dementia during follow-up from the analyses. An illness-death model was then used to examine the role of incident dementia in these associations.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>14 091 participants (8492 from the Three-City study and 5599 from the Whitehall II study; 6668 [47%] of participants were women and 7423 [53%] were men), with a median follow-up of 15·4 years (IQR 10·6–21·2), were included in the analyses. Of these participants, <em>APOE4</em> carriers (3264 [23%] of the cohort carried at least one ε4 allele) had a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with non-carriers, with hazard ratios (HR) of 1·16 (95% CI 1·07–1·26) for heterozygotes and 1·59 (1·24–2·06) for homozygotes. Compared with <em>APOE3</em> homozygotes, higher cardiovascular mortality was observed in <em>APOE4</em> carriers, with a HR of 1·23 (1·01–1·50) for heterozygotes, and no association was found between <em>APOE4</em> and cancer mortality. Excluding cases of incident dementia over the follow-up resulted in attenuated associations with mortality in homozygotes but not in heterozygotes. The illness-death model indicated that the higher mortality risk in <em>APOE4</em> carriers was not solely attributable to dementia.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>We found a robust association between <em>APOE4</em> and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality but not cancer mortality. Dementia explained a significant proportion of the association with all-cause mortality for <em>APOE4</em> homozygotes, while non-dementia factors, such as cardiovascular disease mortality, are likely to play a role in shaping mortality outcomes in <em>APOE4</em> heterozygotes.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>National Institutes of Health.</p></div><div><h3>Translation</h3><p>For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34394,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Healthy Longevity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666756824000667/pdfft?md5=f558e5586e63a8f953114a471aedc44b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666756824000667-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The role of dementia in the association between APOE4 and all-cause mortality: pooled analyses of two population-based cohort studies\",\"authors\":\"Mélina Régy PhD , Aline Dugravot PhD , Séverine Sabia PhD , Catherine Helmer PhD , Prof Christophe Tzourio PhD , Prof Bernard Hanseeuw PhD , Prof Archana Singh-Manoux PhD , Prof Julien Dumurgier PhD\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/S2666-7568(24)00066-7\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (<em>APOE4</em>) plays a role in neurodegeneration and in cardiovascular disease, but findings on its association with mortality are inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between <em>APOE4</em> and mortality, and the role of dementia in this association.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this pooled analysis, data on White participants aged 45–90 years who underwent <em>APOE</em> genotyping were drawn from two population-based cohorts: the Whitehall II study (UK), which began in 1985 and is ongoing, and the Three-City study (France), initiated in 1999 and ended in 2012. In the Three-City study, vital status was ascertained through linkage to the national registry of death Institut National de la Statistique des Études économiques, and dementia was ascertained via a neuropsychological evaluation and validation of diagnoses by an independent committee of neurologists and geriatricians. In the Whitehall II study, vital status was ascertained through linkage to the UK national mortality register, and dementia cases were ascertained by linkage to three national registers. Participants with prevalent dementia at baseline and participants missing an <em>APOE</em> genotype were excluded from <em>analyses</em>. Cox regression proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of <em>APOE4</em> with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. The role of dementia in the association between <em>APOE4</em> status and mortality was examined by excluding participants who developed dementia during follow-up from the analyses. An illness-death model was then used to examine the role of incident dementia in these associations.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>14 091 participants (8492 from the Three-City study and 5599 from the Whitehall II study; 6668 [47%] of participants were women and 7423 [53%] were men), with a median follow-up of 15·4 years (IQR 10·6–21·2), were included in the analyses. Of these participants, <em>APOE4</em> carriers (3264 [23%] of the cohort carried at least one ε4 allele) had a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with non-carriers, with hazard ratios (HR) of 1·16 (95% CI 1·07–1·26) for heterozygotes and 1·59 (1·24–2·06) for homozygotes. Compared with <em>APOE3</em> homozygotes, higher cardiovascular mortality was observed in <em>APOE4</em> carriers, with a HR of 1·23 (1·01–1·50) for heterozygotes, and no association was found between <em>APOE4</em> and cancer mortality. Excluding cases of incident dementia over the follow-up resulted in attenuated associations with mortality in homozygotes but not in heterozygotes. The illness-death model indicated that the higher mortality risk in <em>APOE4</em> carriers was not solely attributable to dementia.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>We found a robust association between <em>APOE4</em> and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality but not cancer mortality. Dementia explained a significant proportion of the association with all-cause mortality for <em>APOE4</em> homozygotes, while non-dementia factors, such as cardiovascular disease mortality, are likely to play a role in shaping mortality outcomes in <em>APOE4</em> heterozygotes.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>National Institutes of Health.</p></div><div><h3>Translation</h3><p>For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":34394,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Lancet Healthy Longevity\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":13.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666756824000667/pdfft?md5=f558e5586e63a8f953114a471aedc44b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666756824000667-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Lancet Healthy Longevity\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666756824000667\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Lancet Healthy Longevity","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666756824000667","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
The role of dementia in the association between APOE4 and all-cause mortality: pooled analyses of two population-based cohort studies
Background
The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE4) plays a role in neurodegeneration and in cardiovascular disease, but findings on its association with mortality are inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between APOE4 and mortality, and the role of dementia in this association.
Methods
In this pooled analysis, data on White participants aged 45–90 years who underwent APOE genotyping were drawn from two population-based cohorts: the Whitehall II study (UK), which began in 1985 and is ongoing, and the Three-City study (France), initiated in 1999 and ended in 2012. In the Three-City study, vital status was ascertained through linkage to the national registry of death Institut National de la Statistique des Études économiques, and dementia was ascertained via a neuropsychological evaluation and validation of diagnoses by an independent committee of neurologists and geriatricians. In the Whitehall II study, vital status was ascertained through linkage to the UK national mortality register, and dementia cases were ascertained by linkage to three national registers. Participants with prevalent dementia at baseline and participants missing an APOE genotype were excluded from analyses. Cox regression proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of APOE4 with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. The role of dementia in the association between APOE4 status and mortality was examined by excluding participants who developed dementia during follow-up from the analyses. An illness-death model was then used to examine the role of incident dementia in these associations.
Findings
14 091 participants (8492 from the Three-City study and 5599 from the Whitehall II study; 6668 [47%] of participants were women and 7423 [53%] were men), with a median follow-up of 15·4 years (IQR 10·6–21·2), were included in the analyses. Of these participants, APOE4 carriers (3264 [23%] of the cohort carried at least one ε4 allele) had a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with non-carriers, with hazard ratios (HR) of 1·16 (95% CI 1·07–1·26) for heterozygotes and 1·59 (1·24–2·06) for homozygotes. Compared with APOE3 homozygotes, higher cardiovascular mortality was observed in APOE4 carriers, with a HR of 1·23 (1·01–1·50) for heterozygotes, and no association was found between APOE4 and cancer mortality. Excluding cases of incident dementia over the follow-up resulted in attenuated associations with mortality in homozygotes but not in heterozygotes. The illness-death model indicated that the higher mortality risk in APOE4 carriers was not solely attributable to dementia.
Interpretation
We found a robust association between APOE4 and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality but not cancer mortality. Dementia explained a significant proportion of the association with all-cause mortality for APOE4 homozygotes, while non-dementia factors, such as cardiovascular disease mortality, are likely to play a role in shaping mortality outcomes in APOE4 heterozygotes.
Funding
National Institutes of Health.
Translation
For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
期刊介绍:
The Lancet Healthy Longevity, a gold open-access journal, focuses on clinically-relevant longevity and healthy aging research. It covers early-stage clinical research on aging mechanisms, epidemiological studies, and societal research on changing populations. The journal includes clinical trials across disciplines, particularly in gerontology and age-specific clinical guidelines. In line with the Lancet family tradition, it advocates for the rights of all to healthy lives, emphasizing original research likely to impact clinical practice or thinking. Clinical and policy reviews also contribute to shaping the discourse in this rapidly growing discipline.