PAHPhysRAD: A Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine Research Tool for Segmentation and Radiomic Feature Extraction.

Introduction: Segmentation and analysis of organs at risks (OARs) and tumor volumes are integral concepts in the development of radiotherapy treatment plans and prediction of patients' treatment outcomes.

Aims: To develop a research tool, PAHPhysRAD, that can be used to semi- and fully automate segmentation of OARs. In addition, the proposed software seeks to extract 3214 radiomic features from tumor volumes and user-specified dose-volume parameters.

Materials and methods: Developed within MATLAB, PAHPhysRAD provides a comprehensive suite of segmentation tools, including manual, semi-automatic, and automatic options. For semi-autosegmentation, meta AI's Segment Anything Model was incorporated using the bounding box methods. Autosegmentation of OARs and tumor volume are implemented through a module that enables the addition of models in Open Neural Network Exchange format. To validate the radiomic feature extraction module in PAHPhysRAD, radiomic features extracted from gross tumor volume of 15 non-small cell lung carcinoma patients were compared against the features extracted from 3D Slicer™. The dose-volume parameters extraction module was validated using the dose volume data extracted from 28 tangential field-based breast treatment planning datasets. The volume receiving ≥20 Gy (V20) for ipsilateral lung and the mean doses received by the heart and ipsilateral lung, were compared against the parameters extracted from Eclipse.

Results: The Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed no significant difference between the majority of the radiomic features derived from PAHPhysRAD and 3D Slicer. The average mean lung and heart doses calculated in Eclipse were 5.51 ± 2.28 Gy and 1.64 ± 1.98 Gy, respectively. Similarly, the average mean lung and heart doses calculated in PAHPhysRAD were 5.45 ± 2.89 Gy and 1.67 ± 2.08 Gy, respectively.

Conclusion: The MATLAB-based graphical user interface, PAHPhysRAD, offers a user-friendly platform for viewing and analyzing medical scans with options to extract radiomic features and dose-volume parameters. Its versatility, compatibility, and potential for further development make it an asset in medical image analysis.