保持和提高疫苗接种率方面的证据差距和挑战:针对澳大利亚利益相关者的德尔菲调查。

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Health Promotion Journal of Australia Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI:10.1002/hpja.875
Penelope Robinson, Chris Degeling, Kerrie Wiley, Stacy Carter, Julie Leask
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引用次数: 0

摘要

解决的问题:提高和保持疫苗接种率对于预防和管理传染病至关重要。在 2019 年后冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行的背景下,本文研究了免疫接种实施者和政策制定者的看法,以揭示常规免疫接种工作中的挑战和证据差距:我们对澳大利亚各地的免疫专家、高级公务员、政策制定者、政策咨询小组和高峰机构代表进行了两轮在线改良德尔菲调查。我们要求受访者概述他们认为在澳大利亚提高和保持推荐疫苗接种率的最大挑战是什么;他们在疫苗接种工作中最困难的方面;疫苗接种率方面最大的证据差距;以及他们希望优先考虑的社会和行为研究类型:提高和保持疫苗接种率的两个最重要的挑战是向家长和公众有效宣传疫苗的益处,以及确保提供方便和负担得起的疫苗接种服务。参与者一致认为,"宣传疫苗接种的重要性 "是他们工作中最困难的方面。他们一致认为,需要更好地吸引特定人群,如文化和语言多样性人群、孕妇、高危人群和医疗服务提供者。关于 "如何有效解决犹豫不决问题 "的社会和行为研究在参与者中排名很高:本项目的研究结果有助于了解澳大利亚免疫接种政策和实施所需的行为、社会、伦理和政策知识。为了应对疫苗接种方面的挑战、提高覆盖率并建立公众对疫苗接种的信任,政策制定者和政府应将社会研究纳入疫苗接种计划。澳大利亚正准备成立疾病控制中心。这项研究表明,将社会、行为、伦理和政策研究纳入这项新事业的结构非常重要。它强调了能力建设的必要性,这支队伍能够在这些领域开展高质量的研究,满足免疫实施者和政策制定者的需求,并为澳大利亚人带来良好的成果。
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Evidence gaps and challenges in maintaining and increasing vaccine uptake: A Delphi survey with Australian stakeholders.

Issue addressed: Increasing and maintaining vaccination uptake is crucial for preventing and managing infectious diseases. In the context of the post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic landscape, this paper examines the perceptions of immunisation implementers and policymakers to uncover the challenges and evidence gaps in routine immunisation efforts.

Methods: We conducted an online two-round modified Delphi survey with immunisation experts, senior public servants, policymakers, policy advisory groups, and representatives from peak bodies from across Australia. We asked respondents to outline what they see as the greatest challenges to increasing and maintaining uptake of recommended vaccines in Australia; the most difficult aspects of their work in vaccination; the largest evidence gaps in vaccine uptake; and the kinds of social and behavioural research they would like to see prioritised.

Results: The two most important challenges for increasing and maintaining vaccine uptake were effectively communicating the benefits of vaccines to parents and the public and ensuring accessible and affordable vaccination services. Participants strongly agreed that 'communication about the importance of vaccination' was the most difficult aspect of their work. Consistently important was the need to better engage specific population groups, such as culturally and linguistically diverse people, pregnant people, at risk cohorts, and health care providers. Social and behavioural research about 'how to effectively address hesitancy' was ranked highly among participants.

Conclusions: Findings from this project help provide an understanding of the behavioural, social, ethical, and policy knowledge needs for immunisation policy and implementation in Australia. To respond to vaccine challenges, increase coverage and build public trust in vaccination, policymakers and governments should incorporate social research into vaccination programmes. SO WHAT?: Australia is preparing to launch a Centre for Disease Control. This study demonstrates the importance of integrating social, behavioural, ethical, and policy research into the fabric of this new enterprise. It underlines the need to capacity-build a workforce able to deliver high-quality research in these areas, address the needs of immunisation implementers and policymakers, and achieve good outcomes for Australians.

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来源期刊
Health Promotion Journal of Australia
Health Promotion Journal of Australia PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
10.50%
发文量
115
期刊介绍: The purpose of the Health Promotion Journal of Australia is to facilitate communication between researchers, practitioners, and policymakers involved in health promotion activities. Preference for publication is given to practical examples of policies, theories, strategies and programs which utilise educational, organisational, economic and/or environmental approaches to health promotion. The journal also publishes brief reports discussing programs, professional viewpoints, and guidelines for practice or evaluation methodology. The journal features articles, brief reports, editorials, perspectives, "of interest", viewpoints, book reviews and letters.
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