Martin Tiefenthaler , Gernot M. Wallner , Gary Säckl , Francis Costa
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Visual, optical, mechanical and chemical changes were assessed by light microscopy, UV–visible–near infrared (UVVISNIR) spectroscopy, compressive shear testing, as well as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on fractured surfaces. In contrast to EVA and POE laminates, enhanced birefringence was detected due to a higher degree of crystallinity of the TPO encapsulants. Nevertheless, the investigated TPO double-glass laminates revealed a significantly better ultimate mechanical shear performance at 60 °C, also after UV exposure for 3.000 h. TPO-3.5 was the best-performing grade after 3,000 h followed by TPO-UV, TPO-F, EVA and POE. While the aged and fractured EVA, POE, TPO-F and TPO-UV laminates exhibited carboxylic acid signatures differing in intensity, no carboxylic acid residues were detected on the fractured TPO-3.5 surface. TPO-3.5 is characterized by a lower melt flow index and hence, a higher average molar mass compared to TPO-F and TPO-UV. For the crosslinked EVA and POE, the test temperature was already within the melting range of the non-crosslinked, polyethylene rich phase of these peroxide crosslinked encapsulants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":429,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927024824002770/pdfft?md5=f9c83d211089244b452025c93f861c39&pid=1-s2.0-S0927024824002770-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of UV ageing on debonding of double glass laminates based on different crosslinking and thermoplastic PV encapsulants\",\"authors\":\"Martin Tiefenthaler , Gernot M. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
为了评估新型热塑性聚烯烃(TPO)封装材料作为过氧化物交联乙烯-醋酸乙烯(EVA)共聚物和聚烯烃弹性体(POE)替代品的潜力,我们使用 EVA 和 POE 基准牌号以及 TPO 薄膜粘合剂(TPO-3.5、TPO-F 和 TPO-UV)制备了抗压剪切玻璃层压板,并对其进行了表征。通过光学显微镜、紫外-可见-近红外(UVVISNIR)光谱、压缩剪切测试以及断裂表面的差示扫描量热法(DSC)、傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱和 X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)对视觉、光学、机械和化学变化进行了评估。与 EVA 和 POE 层压板相比,由于 TPO 封装材料的结晶度更高,因此检测到双折射增强。尽管如此,所研究的 TPO 双玻纤层压板在 60 °C 时的极限机械剪切性能明显更好,紫外线曝晒 3000 小时后也是如此。虽然老化和断裂的 EVA、POE、TPO-F 和 TPO-UV 层压板表现出不同强度的羧酸特征,但在断裂的 TPO-3.5 表面没有检测到羧酸残留。与 TPO-F 和 TPO-UV 相比,TPO-3.5 的特点是熔体流动指数较低,因此平均摩尔质量较高。对于交联的 EVA 和 POE,测试温度已在这些过氧化物交联封装材料的非交联、富含聚乙烯相的熔化范围内。
Effect of UV ageing on debonding of double glass laminates based on different crosslinking and thermoplastic PV encapsulants
To evaluate the potential of novel thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) encapsulants as alternative for peroxide crosslinking ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer and polyolefin elastomers (POE), compressive shear glass laminates were prepared and characterized using EVA and POE benchmark grades and TPO film adhesives (TPO-3.5, TPO-F and TPO-UV). The specimens were exposed to Xenon arc light with an UV irradiation of 40 W/m2, a black panel temperature of 65 °C and relative humidity of 10 % for up to 3,000 h. Visual, optical, mechanical and chemical changes were assessed by light microscopy, UV–visible–near infrared (UVVISNIR) spectroscopy, compressive shear testing, as well as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on fractured surfaces. In contrast to EVA and POE laminates, enhanced birefringence was detected due to a higher degree of crystallinity of the TPO encapsulants. Nevertheless, the investigated TPO double-glass laminates revealed a significantly better ultimate mechanical shear performance at 60 °C, also after UV exposure for 3.000 h. TPO-3.5 was the best-performing grade after 3,000 h followed by TPO-UV, TPO-F, EVA and POE. While the aged and fractured EVA, POE, TPO-F and TPO-UV laminates exhibited carboxylic acid signatures differing in intensity, no carboxylic acid residues were detected on the fractured TPO-3.5 surface. TPO-3.5 is characterized by a lower melt flow index and hence, a higher average molar mass compared to TPO-F and TPO-UV. For the crosslinked EVA and POE, the test temperature was already within the melting range of the non-crosslinked, polyethylene rich phase of these peroxide crosslinked encapsulants.
期刊介绍:
Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells is intended as a vehicle for the dissemination of research results on materials science and technology related to photovoltaic, photothermal and photoelectrochemical solar energy conversion. Materials science is taken in the broadest possible sense and encompasses physics, chemistry, optics, materials fabrication and analysis for all types of materials.