柔性聚氨酯材料中的异味活性化合物

IF 4.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Indoor air Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI:10.1155/2024/2415739
Charlotte Minig, Klaas Reglitz, Martin Steinhaus
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引用次数: 0

摘要

柔性聚氨酯(PU)材料被广泛应用于室内装潢、床垫和汽车等领域,但人们对其气味的分子背景仍缺乏足够的了解。为了填补这一空白,我们旨在确定代表八种常见柔性聚氨酯材料的十五种样品中的主要气味物质。我们通过气相色谱-olfactometry 方法对从样品中分离出的挥发性物质进行了活性引导筛选。通过将气味、保留数据和质谱与真正的参考化合物进行比较,从而确定其结构。通过这种方法,共鉴定出 50 种气味物质,其中 39 种以前未在聚氨酯中描述过。这些臭味剂属于多种化合物类别,包括叔胺、脂肪酸氧化产物、短链醛、三氧杂环戊烷、吡嗪、芳香烃和杂环化合物、氯化化合物、苯酚衍生物、香料化合物和腈。对于某些气味物质,人们对其来源和释放行为有了进一步的了解。例如,有气味的 1,4-二甲基哌嗪曾被用作催化剂,而丙醛不仅是一种聚氨酯气味剂,还是一种具有气味活性的三氧环己烷的前体。此外,对乙醛和丙醛的定量分析表明,它们可以从样品中不断再生。虽然其他化合物的来源还有待澄清,但本研究获得的数据可以为聚氨酯材料生产中的气味减少策略铺平道路,最终改善气味和消费者体验。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Odor-Active Compounds in Flexible Polyurethane Materials

Flexible polyurethane (PU) materials find extensive use in upholstery, mattresses, and automobiles, yet the molecular background of their odor is still inadequately understood. To address this gap, we aimed at identifying major odorants in fifteen samples representing eight common types of flexible PU materials. The volatiles isolated from the samples were subjected to activity-guided screening via gas chromatography-olfactometry. Structures were assigned by comparing odor, retention data, and mass spectra to those of authentic reference compounds. This approach led to the identification of 50 odorants, 39 of which had not previously been described in PU. The odorants belonged to a wide range of compound classes, including tertiary amines, fatty acid oxidation products, short-chain aldehydes, trioxocanes, pyrazines, aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocycles, chlorinated compounds, phenol derivatives, fragrance compounds, and nitriles. For some odorants, further insights were gained into their origins and release behavior. For example, the odorous 1,4-dimethylpiperazine had been used as a catalyst, and propanal was shown to be not only a PU odorant but also the precursor of an odor-active trioxocane. Additionally, the quantitation of acetaldehyde and propanal suggested their continuous regeneration from the samples. While the sources of other compounds still have to be clarified, the data obtained in this study could pave the way for odor reduction strategies in the production of PU materials, ultimately resulting in an improved odor and consumer experience.

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来源期刊
Indoor air
Indoor air 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
10.80
自引率
10.30%
发文量
175
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The quality of the environment within buildings is a topic of major importance for public health. Indoor Air provides a location for reporting original research results in the broad area defined by the indoor environment of non-industrial buildings. An international journal with multidisciplinary content, Indoor Air publishes papers reflecting the broad categories of interest in this field: health effects; thermal comfort; monitoring and modelling; source characterization; ventilation and other environmental control techniques. The research results present the basic information to allow designers, building owners, and operators to provide a healthy and comfortable environment for building occupants, as well as giving medical practitioners information on how to deal with illnesses related to the indoor environment.
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