{"title":"吡啶-芳基自由基介导的级联反应合成吲哚利嗪类化合物:计算机理分析","authors":"Xinyu Zhang, Xiangxue Cao, Lanfeng Wei, Zhijun Wang, Yu Wei, Liang Xu and Genping Huang","doi":"10.1039/D4QO00558A","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >The pyridine-boryl radical chemistry has witnessed significant advancements in the last decade, enabling an array of novel synthetic applications. In this context, density functional theory calculations provide a computational mechanistic analysis of the pyridine/B<small><sub>2</sub></small>pin<small><sub>2</sub></small>-mediated cascade synthesis of indolizines. The radical–radical cross-coupling pathway is dissected to be energetically more feasible than the conventionally assumed Minisci-type radical addition route. Furthermore, the computations reveal that a 1,4-O[B] migration step leads to the formation of zwitterionic intermediates, whose cyclization then generates the indolizine scaffolds. H-shuttles, generated from water, alcohol, or amine molecules, are found to play pivotal roles in facilitating the elimination or aromatization processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A pyridine-boryl radical mediated cascade reaction towards the synthesis of indolizines: a computational mechanistic analysis†\",\"authors\":\"Xinyu Zhang, Xiangxue Cao, Lanfeng Wei, Zhijun Wang, Yu Wei, Liang Xu and Genping Huang\",\"doi\":\"10.1039/D4QO00558A\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p >The pyridine-boryl radical chemistry has witnessed significant advancements in the last decade, enabling an array of novel synthetic applications. In this context, density functional theory calculations provide a computational mechanistic analysis of the pyridine/B<small><sub>2</sub></small>pin<small><sub>2</sub></small>-mediated cascade synthesis of indolizines. The radical–radical cross-coupling pathway is dissected to be energetically more feasible than the conventionally assumed Minisci-type radical addition route. Furthermore, the computations reveal that a 1,4-O[B] migration step leads to the formation of zwitterionic intermediates, whose cyclization then generates the indolizine scaffolds. H-shuttles, generated from water, alcohol, or amine molecules, are found to play pivotal roles in facilitating the elimination or aromatization processes.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":97,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Organic Chemistry Frontiers\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Organic Chemistry Frontiers\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/qo/d4qo00558a\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/qo/d4qo00558a","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
在过去十年中,吡啶-硼自由基化学取得了重大进展,促成了一系列新型合成应用。在此背景下,密度泛函理论计算对吡啶/B2pin2-介导的吲嗪类化合物级联合成进行了计算机理分析。与传统的米尼斯基型自由基加成路线相比,自由基-自由基交叉偶联路线在能量上更为可行。此外,计算显示,1,4-O[B] 迁移步骤会导致形成齐聚物中间体,其环化反应会生成吲嗪类支架。研究发现,由水、醇或胺分子生成的 H 键在促进消除或芳香化过程中发挥了关键作用。
A pyridine-boryl radical mediated cascade reaction towards the synthesis of indolizines: a computational mechanistic analysis†
The pyridine-boryl radical chemistry has witnessed significant advancements in the last decade, enabling an array of novel synthetic applications. In this context, density functional theory calculations provide a computational mechanistic analysis of the pyridine/B2pin2-mediated cascade synthesis of indolizines. The radical–radical cross-coupling pathway is dissected to be energetically more feasible than the conventionally assumed Minisci-type radical addition route. Furthermore, the computations reveal that a 1,4-O[B] migration step leads to the formation of zwitterionic intermediates, whose cyclization then generates the indolizine scaffolds. H-shuttles, generated from water, alcohol, or amine molecules, are found to play pivotal roles in facilitating the elimination or aromatization processes.
期刊介绍:
Organic Chemistry Frontiers is an esteemed journal that publishes high-quality research across the field of organic chemistry. It places a significant emphasis on studies that contribute substantially to the field by introducing new or significantly improved protocols and methodologies. The journal covers a wide array of topics which include, but are not limited to, organic synthesis, the development of synthetic methodologies, catalysis, natural products, functional organic materials, supramolecular and macromolecular chemistry, as well as physical and computational organic chemistry.