Intermediate layer free PVDF evolved CMS on ceramic hollow fiber membrane for CO2 capture

The use of carbonized polymers has ushered in a new class of materials with profound implications for the gas separation industry. This study explored the transformation of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) into microporous carbon structures coated onto ceramic substrates, enabling in situ growth of carbon molecular sieve (CMS) materials over hollow fibers. This material featured more robust CMS membranes than alumina and demonstrated exceptional capability in vital gas separations, particularly for CO₂/CH₄. This novel approach increased the selectivity for gases and exhibited remarkable aging resilience, so the material is a compelling candidate for high-performance gas separations. Furthermore, after 31 days, the weathered carbon dioxide membrane exhibited a slight permeability drift from 234.88 barrers to 195.35 barrers, while the CO₂/CH₄ ratio increased from 24.21 to 57.14, surpassing the Robeson 2008 upper bound. The PVDF-derived supported hollow fiber carbon membranes provide a blueprint for designing membranes for carbon capture. With the high packing density of the hollow fiber membrane and improved mechanical strength of the supported carbon membrane, this approach overcame the high fabrication costs and brittleness of other carbon membranes. In addition, the entire process for preparation of the PVDF carbon films is easily scaled up and has great potential for future practical application.