冷战与噬菌体疗法:地缘政治如何阻碍了作为抗菌剂的病毒的发展》(The Cold War and Phage Therapy: How Geopolics Stilly Development of Viruses as Antibacterials)。

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Annual Review of Virology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-100422-040919
William C Summers
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引用次数: 0

摘要

噬菌体的杀菌特性几乎从 1917 年被发现时起就被用作抗菌疗法。在美国,噬菌体疗法在 20 世纪 20 年代和 30 年代时有发生,但到二战后已逐渐式微。噬菌体疗法的消亡传统上被归咎于抗生素的优越性,因为抗生素是在战争年代发现并首次使用的,但这一解释由于噬菌体疗法在美国以外的国家,尤其是东欧国家拥有更长更成功的历史而变得复杂。本综述考虑了噬菌体在美国的医学应用所特有的另一个可能是协同作用的因素:冷战时期对苏联科学及其相关幽灵--社会化医疗的反击所促成的地缘政治气候。这一分析表明,即使是这样一个涉及细菌病毒的纯科学问题,也无法逃脱社会力量和政治意识形态的影响。
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The Cold War and Phage Therapy: How Geopolitics Stalled Development of Viruses as Antibacterials.

The bacteriolytic character of bacteriophages was employed as antibacterial therapy almost from the time of their discovery in 1917. In the United States, phage therapy was sporadic during the 1920s and 1930s but had dwindled into obscurity by the post-WWII period. This demise of phage therapy has traditionally been attributed to the superiority of antibiotics, discovered and first used during the war years, but this explanation is complicated by the fact that phage therapy outside the United States has had a longer and more successful life, especially in the countries of Eastern Europe. This review considers another, probably synergetic factor that was specific to the medical uses of phage in the United States: the geopolitical climate fostered by the Cold War reaction against Soviet science and its associated specter, socialized medicine. This analysis suggests that even such a purely scientific matter involving bacterial viruses cannot escape social forces and political ideologies.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
0.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.
期刊最新文献
Bacteriophage T4 as a Protein-Based, Adjuvant- and Needle-Free, Mucosal Pandemic Vaccine Design Platform. Embracing Complexity: What Novel Sequencing Methods Are Teaching Us About Herpesvirus Genomic Diversity. From Entry to the Nucleus: How Retroviruses Commute. The Cold War and Phage Therapy: How Geopolitics Stalled Development of Viruses as Antibacterials. The Molecular Maze of Potyviral and Host Protein Interactions.
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