{"title":"Withania somnifera 中三萜类化合物 withanolides 的生物合成","authors":"Ananth Krishna Narayanan , Dinesh A. Nagegowda","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102576","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ashwagandha (<em>Withania somnifera</em> L. Dunal) is a versatile medicinal plant of Solanaceae family, renowned for its potent therapeutic properties, due to which it is extensively used in Indian traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda. The medicinal properties are attributed to specialized metabolites known as withanolides, which are chemically triterpenoid steroidal lactones. Despite their significance, the biosynthetic pathway of withanolides remains poorly understood. It is hypothesized that withanolides are synthesized through the universal sterol pathway, wherein sterol precursors undergo various biochemical modifications such as hydroxylation, oxidation, cyclization, and glycosylation, yielding a diverse array of downstream withanolides and withanosides. Consequently, comprehending the biosynthetic pathway of withanolides is crucial to facilitate advancements in withanolides productivity through metabolic engineering or synthetic biology approaches. This article aims to provide an update on the efforts made toward understanding withanolides formation and regulation and highlights gaps and approaches to elucidate the withanolides biosynthesis in <em>W. somnifera</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Biosynthesis of the triterpenoid withanolides in Withania somnifera\",\"authors\":\"Ananth Krishna Narayanan , Dinesh A. Nagegowda\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102576\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Ashwagandha (<em>Withania somnifera</em> L. Dunal) is a versatile medicinal plant of Solanaceae family, renowned for its potent therapeutic properties, due to which it is extensively used in Indian traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda. The medicinal properties are attributed to specialized metabolites known as withanolides, which are chemically triterpenoid steroidal lactones. Despite their significance, the biosynthetic pathway of withanolides remains poorly understood. It is hypothesized that withanolides are synthesized through the universal sterol pathway, wherein sterol precursors undergo various biochemical modifications such as hydroxylation, oxidation, cyclization, and glycosylation, yielding a diverse array of downstream withanolides and withanosides. Consequently, comprehending the biosynthetic pathway of withanolides is crucial to facilitate advancements in withanolides productivity through metabolic engineering or synthetic biology approaches. This article aims to provide an update on the efforts made toward understanding withanolides formation and regulation and highlights gaps and approaches to elucidate the withanolides biosynthesis in <em>W. somnifera</em>.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11003,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Current opinion in plant biology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":8.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Current opinion in plant biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369526624000670\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PLANT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current opinion in plant biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369526624000670","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
灰树叶(Withania somnifera L. Dunal)是一种多用途的茄科药用植物,以其强大的治疗功效而闻名,因此被广泛用于印度传统医学体系,如阿育吠陀。其药用特性归功于被称为 "withanolides "的特殊代谢物,它们在化学上属于三萜类甾体内酯。尽管其意义重大,但人们对其生物合成途径仍然知之甚少。据推测,岩白菜素苷是通过通用甾醇途径合成的,其中甾醇前体经过羟基化、氧化、环化和糖基化等各种生化修饰,产生一系列不同的下游岩白菜素苷和岩白菜素苷。因此,了解含山梨醇苷的生物合成途径对于通过代谢工程或合成生物学方法提高含山梨醇苷的生产率至关重要。本文旨在提供最新信息,介绍为了解岩白菜素内酯的形成和调控所做的努力,并强调阐明岩白菜素内酯生物合成的差距和方法。
Biosynthesis of the triterpenoid withanolides in Withania somnifera
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L. Dunal) is a versatile medicinal plant of Solanaceae family, renowned for its potent therapeutic properties, due to which it is extensively used in Indian traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda. The medicinal properties are attributed to specialized metabolites known as withanolides, which are chemically triterpenoid steroidal lactones. Despite their significance, the biosynthetic pathway of withanolides remains poorly understood. It is hypothesized that withanolides are synthesized through the universal sterol pathway, wherein sterol precursors undergo various biochemical modifications such as hydroxylation, oxidation, cyclization, and glycosylation, yielding a diverse array of downstream withanolides and withanosides. Consequently, comprehending the biosynthetic pathway of withanolides is crucial to facilitate advancements in withanolides productivity through metabolic engineering or synthetic biology approaches. This article aims to provide an update on the efforts made toward understanding withanolides formation and regulation and highlights gaps and approaches to elucidate the withanolides biosynthesis in W. somnifera.
期刊介绍:
Current Opinion in Plant Biology builds on Elsevier's reputation for excellence in scientific publishing and long-standing commitment to communicating high quality reproducible research. It is part of the Current Opinion and Research (CO+RE) suite of journals. All CO+RE journals leverage the Current Opinion legacy - of editorial excellence, high-impact, and global reach - to ensure they are a widely read resource that is integral to scientists' workflow.