Current opinion in plant biology最新文献

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Engineering nitrogen and carbon fixation for next-generation plants

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102699

Zehong Zhao , Alisdair R. Fernie , Youjun Zhang

Improving plant nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) acquisition and assimilation is a major challenge for global agriculture, food security, and ecological sustainability. Emerging synthetic biology techniques, including directed evolution, artificial intelligence (AI)-guided enzyme design, and metabolic engineering, have opened new avenues for optimizing nitrogenase to fix atmospheric N₂ in plants, engineering Rhizobia or other nitrogen-fixing bacteria for symbiotic associations with both legume and nonlegume crops, and enhancing carbon fixation to improve photosynthetic efficiency and source-to-sink assimilate fluxes. Here, we discuss the potential for engineering nitrogen fixation and carbon fixation mechanisms in plants, from rational and AI-driven optimization of nitrogen and carbon fixation cycles. Furthermore, we discuss strategies for modifying source-to-sink relationships to promote robust growth in extreme conditions, such as arid deserts, saline-alkaline soils, or even extraterrestrial environments like Mars. The combined engineering of N and C pathways promises a new generation of crops with enhanced productivity, resource-use efficiency, and resilience. Finally, we explore future perspectives, focusing on the integration of enzyme engineering via directed evolution and computational design to accelerate metabolic innovation in plants.

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引用次数: 0

Regulation of starch metabolism in banana fruit: Mechanisms shaping the nutritional quality 香蕉果实中淀粉代谢的调节：塑造营养品质的机制

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102698

Yaoyao Li , Wenjie Huang , Huijun Gao , Ganjun Yi , Shijuan Yan

Bananas are nutrient-rich fruits that provide starch, essential vitamins, and minerals and play significant importance in the global economy through extensive production, trade, and consumption. Nutrient metabolic processes, such as starch-to-sugar conversion, are fundamental in shaping the quality of banana fruits. Starch accounts for 15%–35% of fresh fruit weight, and its degradation mediated by ethylene signaling components can increase sweetness, soften texture, and increase the palatability of banana fruit. This review summarizes recent advances in the regulatory mechanism underlying starch metabolism in banana fruits, highlights key research questions for future investigation, and proposes promising strategies to manipulate starch levels to develop new banana varieties with enhanced nutritional quality.

引用次数: 0

Biomolecular condensates at the plasma membrane: Insights into plant cell signaling

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102697

Punita Lalchand , Didier-Deschamps Ashley , Xue Pan

Biomolecular condensates, often formed through liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), are increasingly recognized as a critical mechanism for cellular compartmentalization across diverse biological systems. Although traditionally considered membrane-less entities, recent discoveries highlight their dynamic interactions with membranes, where they regulate various processes, including signal transduction. Signaling lipids are observed in condensates. Despite these advancements, our understanding of such condensates in plant biology remains limited. This review highlights recent studies involving membrane-associated condensates in plants, focusing particularly on their interactions with the plasma membrane (PM) and their potential roles in PM-based signaling.

生物分子凝聚物通常是通过液-液相分离（LLPS）形成的，越来越多的人认为它是各种生物系统中细胞区隔的关键机制。虽然传统上被认为是无膜实体，但最近的发现突显了它们与膜的动态相互作用，它们在膜上调节各种过程，包括信号转导。在凝聚体中可以观察到信号脂质。尽管取得了这些进展，但我们对植物生物学中这类凝聚物的了解仍然有限。本综述重点介绍了最近涉及植物中膜相关凝聚物的研究，尤其侧重于它们与质膜（PM）的相互作用及其在基于质膜的信号转导中的潜在作用。

引用次数: 0

Light, CO2, and carbon storage in microalgae

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102696

Yasuyo Yamaoka , Dimitris Petroutsos , Sujeong Je , Takashi Yamano , Yonghua Li-Beisson

Microalgae exhibit remarkable adaptability to environmental changes by integrating light and CO₂ signals into regulatory networks that govern energy conversion, carbon fixation, and storage. Light serves not only as an energy source for photosynthesis but also as a regulatory signal mediated by photoreceptors. Specific light spectra distinctly influence carbon allocation, driving lipid or starch biosynthesis by altering transcriptional and metabolic pathways. The ratio of ATP to NADPH imbalances significantly impact carbon allocation toward lipid or starch production. To maintain this balance, alternative electron flow pathways play critical roles, while inter-organelle redox exchanges regulate cellular energy states to support efficient carbon storage. The CO₂-concentrating mechanism (CCM) enhances photosynthetic efficiency by concentrating CO₂ at Rubisco, energized by ATP from photosynthetic electron transport. This review examines how light receptors, energy-producing pathways, and the CCM interact to regulate carbon metabolism in microalgae, emphasizing their collective roles in balancing energy supply and carbon storage.

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引用次数: 0

Steroidal compounds in Paris polyphylla:structure, biological activities, and biosynthesis 巴黎多花植物中的甾体化合物：结构、生物活性和生物合成

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102695

Xin Hua , Chengxi Kou , Fengge Wang , Jianfeng Zhang , Jifeng Yuan , Zheyong Xue

Steroidal compounds are chemical constituents found in the traditional medicinal plant Paris polyphylla, known for their significant pharmacological activities. Due to their complex structures, the biosynthetic pathways of these compounds have garnered considerable attention. In recent years, substantial progress has been made in elucidating the biosynthetic pathways of steroidal compounds from P. polyphylla, with several complete biosynthetic routes being fully characterized. The de novo synthesis of diosgenin has been successfully achieved in both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Nicotiana benthamiana using various metabolic engineering techniques. Herein, we summarize the latest research progress regarding the structural classification, biological activities, and biosynthesis studies of steroidal compounds from P. polyphylla.

引用次数: 0

Plant growth and development: Experimental diversity is essential for dissecting plant diversity 植物生长发育：实验多样性是解剖植物多样性的基础。

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102685

Annis Richardson, Madelaine Bartlett

引用次数: 0

Chromatin dynamics and epigenetic regulation in plant development and environmental responses 植物发育和环境响应中的染色质动力学和表观遗传调控。

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102674

Mark Zander, Javier Gallego-Bartolomé

引用次数: 0

Editorial overview: Genome studies and molecular genetics 2024

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102686

Sushma Naithani, Leena Tripathi

引用次数: 0

Editorial overview: Spatial and temporal regulation of molecular and cell biological process across biological scales 编辑综述：跨生物尺度的分子和细胞生物过程的时空调控。

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102675

Arun Sampathkumar, Masayoshi Nakamura

引用次数: 0

Detecting novel plant pathogen threats to food system security by integrating the Plant Reactome and remote sensing 结合植物反应组和遥感检测对粮食系统安全的新型植物病原体威胁。

IF 8.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102684

Seth C. Murray , Aart Verhoef , Alper Adak , Dipankar Sen , Riva Salzman , Pankaj Jaiswal , Sushma Naithani

Plant diseases constantly threaten crops and food systems, while global connectivity further increases the risks of spreading existing and exotic pathogens. Here, we first explore how an integrative approach involving plant pathway knowledgegraphs, differential gene expression data, and biochemical data informing Raman spectroscopy could be used to detect plant pathways responding to pathogen attacks. The Plant Reactome (https://plantreactome.gramene.org) demonstrates the potential to synthesize knowledgegraphs depicting plant-pathogen interactions, leveraging availability of publicly available OMIC data sets related to major diseases of rice and maize. Plant pathway signatures may then guide the development of drone and satellite remote-sensing methods for early monitoring of disease outbreaks across farms and landscapes. A review of current proximal- and remote-sensing technology demonstrates the potential for actionable early pathogen detection. We furthermore identify knowledge gaps that need to be addressed for developing these tools as components of effective strategies for safeguarding global food security against current and emerging pathogens.

植物病害不断威胁着作物和粮食系统，而全球连通性进一步增加了现有病原体和外来病原体传播的风险。在这里，我们首先探索了一种包括植物途径知识图谱、差异基因表达数据和生物化学数据在内的综合方法如何用于检测植物对病原体攻击的反应。Plant Reactome （https://plantreactome.gramene.org）利用与水稻和玉米主要病害相关的公开OMIC数据集，展示了合成描述植物-病原体相互作用知识图谱的潜力。然后，植物通路特征可以指导无人机和卫星遥感方法的发展，用于早期监测农场和景观中的疾病爆发。对当前近端和遥感技术的回顾表明，早期病原体检测具有可行的潜力。我们还确定了需要解决的知识差距，以便开发这些工具，作为保护全球粮食安全免受当前和新出现病原体侵害的有效战略的组成部分。

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