孟加拉国沿海地区以水稻为基础的作物管理方法和绩效属性的变化趋势

IF 3.5 Q1 AGRONOMY Frontiers in Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI:10.3389/fagro.2024.1397474
Md Amirul Islam, Shyam Pariyar, T. Krupnik, Mathias Becker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

气候变化影响着孟加拉国沿海以水稻为基础的系统的变化。外部压力和系统本身的属性都会影响农民采用新的生产方式,从而导致新的土地利用模式的出现。通过实地和家庭调查,我们采用对时方法(比较 2011 年和 2021 年)量化了具有代表性的水稻种植系统中作物产量和相关集约化生产实践的最新变化趋势。我们对 240 个水稻生产农场进行了分析,这些农场代表了三种以水稻为基础的种植系统,即水稻-耕地轮作、强化灌溉水稻双轮作和水稻-绿豆多元化轮作。研究地点对比了孟加拉国沿海巴里沙尔地区有利的生物物理条件(气候、土壤类型、水源和水质、土壤肥力)和帕图阿卡利地区的边缘条件(不利的生物物理环境)。两个研究地点都对土壤肥力属性进行了评估。近期变化的类型、程度和途径因地点、系统和季节而异。我们观察到,在边远地区和有利地区,总产量(跨作物和季节)、单季作物产量和经济产量都有明显增加。作物产量差异很大(水稻:3.0-7.8 吨/公顷,绿豆:0.4-1.5 吨/公顷),旱季水稻产量高于雨季。在边缘研究地区,农民较早开始采用集约化生产方式,但在有利地区,变化程度更大。最突出的是耕作机械化和矿物肥料使用量的增加,灌溉水稻和旱季绿豆的变化最大。这种针对具体地点、系统和季节的评估将有助于确定变化的驱动因素,并为评估未来土地系统变化的潜在模式提供信息。
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Changing trends in crop management practices and performance attributes of rice-based systems of coastal Bangladesh
Climate change affects changes in rice-based systems of coastal Bangladesh. Both external pressures and system-immanent attributes influence farmers’ adoption of new production practices, leading to the emergence of new land use patterns. Field and household surveys quantified recent and emerging change trends in crop yields and associated intensification-related practices in representative rice-based systems, using a diachronic approach (comparing the years 2011 and 2021). We analyzed 240 rice-producing farms, representing three rice-based cropping systems, namely extensive rice-fallow rotations, intensified irrigated rice double rotations, and diversified rice-mungbean rotations. The study sites contrasted favorable biophysical conditions (climate, soil type, water source and quality, soil fertility) in the Barishal district, and marginal (unfavorable biophysical environments) conditions at Patuakhali district in coastal Bangladesh. Soil fertility attributes were assessed at both study sites. The type, the extent, and the pathways of recent changes differed between locations, systems and seasons. We observed significant increases in aggregated yield (across crops and seasons), in individual crop yields, and in economic yields at both the marginal and the favorable sites. Crop yields varied widely (rice: 3.0–7.8 t ha–1, mungbean: 0.4–1.5 t ha–1), and rice yield was higher in dry than in the wet season. Farmers’ adoption of intensification practices started earlier in the marginal study area, but the extent of the changes was larger at favorable sites. Most prominent was the mechanization of tillage operations and an increased use of mineral fertilizers, with the largest changes observed in irrigated rice and in dry season mungbean. Such site-, system-, and season-specific assessments will permit identifying drivers of change and can inform the assessment of potential future patterns of land system changes.
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Agronomy
Frontiers in Agronomy Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
123
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊最新文献
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