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摘要

管理者的工作是多方面的。要成功地高效经营企业、做出最佳决策以及与人合作,一个优秀的领导者必须将能力、经验、知识以及应用这些能力的能力结合起来。管理者必须接受多方面的培训。然而,其中最有趣的是心理学领域。管理者的工作首先是与人打交道,这是最困难的活动之一。仅凭这一点,就需要对管理人员进行心理培训。管理者必须懂得如何与员工相处,根据员工的心理状态调整自己的行为,善于发现员工的长处并注意到他们的短处,以便尽可能有效地分配人员。管理者的职责是创建一个强大、协调的团队,在这个团队中,每个成员都有自己的位置,发生冲突的可能性降到最低,并能以协调、有效的方式开展工作。管理者应研究和利用那些对执行者产生有利影响并能提高团队效率的环境因素。在履行教育职能时,管理者必须激活和发展员工的个人素质,使员工个人和整个团队的工作更加富有成效。如果没有足够的心理学知识和在实践中应用心理学的经验,管理者就无法履行所有这些多方面的职能。
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PSYCHOLOGY OF INDIVIDUAL MANAGEMENT STYLE
The work of a manager is multifaceted. To successfully run an efficient business, make the best decisions, and work with people, a talented leader must combine abilities, experience, knowledge, and the ability to apply them. A manager must be trained in many areas of activity. However, the most interesting of these is the field of psychology. The work of a manager is, first and foremost, work with people, which is one of the most difficult activities. This alone creates the need for psychological training of a manager. A manager must know how to behave with employees, adjust his or her behavior depending on their state of mind, be able to identify the strengths of employees and notice their shortcomings in order to distribute personnel as efficiently as possible. The manager's duty is to create a strong, well-coordinated team in which each member has his or her place, where the possibility of conflict situations is minimized, and which is able to work in a coordinated and effective manner. The manager should study and use those environmental factors that have a favorable impact on the performers and increase the efficiency of the team. In performing the educational function, the manager must activate and develop personal qualities in employees that contribute to more fruitful work of the individual employee and the team as a whole. All of these multifaceted functions of a manager cannot be performed without sufficient knowledge of psychology and experience in applying it in practice.
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