与森林相比,城市地区的树种丰富度和多样性更高:入侵树木害虫和病原体寄主可用性的影响

IF 7.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Landscape and Urban Planning Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105144
Benno A. Augustinus , Meinrad Abegg , Valentin Queloz , Eckehard G. Brockerhoff
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引用次数: 0

摘要

城市和森林树木提供了宝贵的生态系统服务。然而,它们正日益受到外来森林害虫和病原体的威胁。城市地区的树木通常是非本地食树昆虫和树木病原体("害虫")引入新地区后遇到的第一个潜在宿主。如果遇到的树木是合适的寄主,这些害虫就会在周围的森林中立足并成为入侵性害虫。在这里,我们比较了城市地区和周边森林的树种和树属组成,研究了森林害虫寄主可用性的影响以及对入侵性的潜在影响。我们编制并标准化了 26 份城市树木清单,其中包含 500,000 棵树木。我们使用多元分析方法,将城市树木组成与瑞士国家森林资源清查得出的各城市周边(半径 10 公里)森林树木组成进行比较。城市树木有 1300 种不同的树种,其物种丰富度是周围森林物种丰富度的 17 倍。线性模型和多变量分析表明,城市地区森林检疫性有害生物的寄主可用性明显高于森林,城市和森林树木组合对不同检疫性有害生物的寄主适宜性差异很大。这表明,城市和森林树木物种组成的差异会导致寄主可用性的提高,可能会促进检疫性林业有害生物的建立。
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Higher tree species richness and diversity in urban areas than in forests: Implications for host availability for invasive tree pests and pathogens

Urban and forest trees provide valuable ecosystem services. However, they are increasingly threatened by invasive forest pests and pathogens. Trees in urban areas are often the first potential hosts non-native tree-feeding insects and tree pathogens (“pests”) encounter after introduction in a novel region. If the trees encountered are suitable hosts, these pests can establish and become invasive – eventually also in surrounding forests. Here, we compared tree species and genus composition between urban areas and surrounding forests and examined the implications for host availability for forest pests and potential effects on invasibility. We compiled and standardised 26 urban tree inventories, containing ∼ 500.000 individual trees. We used multivariate analyses to compare urban tree composition with forest tree composition from forests surrounding each municipality (10 km radius), derived from the Swiss National Forest Inventory. With > 1300 different tree species, species richness of urban trees was 17 times higher than species richness in surrounding forests. Linear models and multivariate analyses revealed that host availability for forest quarantine pests is significantly higher in urban areas than in forests, with large differences in host suitability for different quarantine pests between urban and forest tree assemblages. This indicates that differences in species composition in urban and forest trees can result in increased host availability, possibly facilitating the establishment of quarantine forest pests.

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来源期刊
Landscape and Urban Planning
Landscape and Urban Planning 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
15.20
自引率
6.60%
发文量
232
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Landscape and Urban Planning is an international journal that aims to enhance our understanding of landscapes and promote sustainable solutions for landscape change. The journal focuses on landscapes as complex social-ecological systems that encompass various spatial and temporal dimensions. These landscapes possess aesthetic, natural, and cultural qualities that are valued by individuals in different ways, leading to actions that alter the landscape. With increasing urbanization and the need for ecological and cultural sensitivity at various scales, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to comprehend and align social and ecological values for landscape sustainability. The journal believes that combining landscape science with planning and design can yield positive outcomes for both people and nature.
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