Landscape and Urban Planning最新文献

Diverging vegetation phenology responses between urban cores and suburbs in 233 Chinese cities 233个城市中心与郊区植被物候响应差异

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105578

Yuqin Liu , Yuan Chen , Tao Lin , Hongkai Geng , Guoqin Zhang , Yiyi Huang , Xin Cao , Meixia Lin , Junmao Zhang , Saiping Xu , Jiahua Zhang , Gerrit de Leeuw

With the rapid development of urbanization, the relation between vegetation phenology and urbanization has gained global attention. While previous research has primarily focused on comparing phenological patterns between rural and urban areas, the understanding of how vegetation phenology responds to gradients of urbanization intensity (UI) in different urban environments remains limited. This study comprehensively analyzed the variations in vegetation phenology responses to UI gradients across 233 cities in China. The results showed that the response of vegetation phenology to UI was different between urban cores and suburban areas, owing to the distinct urban environmental characteristics of the two types of regions. A nonlinear association of vegetation phenology to ISA (impervious surface area, as an indicator for UI) was observed over both urban cores and suburban areas. The differences in both SOS (start of the growing season) and EOS (end of the growing season) between urban cores and suburban areas noticeably increased with increasing ISA, indicating that the SOS and EOS delayed more with intensive urbanization in urban cores than in suburban areas. When the ISA ranged from 90 to100%, the average SOS in the urban cores of all 233 cities in China was 2.31 days later than that in the suburban areas. Among the 172 cities studied, 105 experienced a delayed SOS in urban cores with respect to that in suburban areas, with delays ranging from 0.17 to 43.92 days. Moreover, the data showed a significant spatial heterogeneity in the differential response of vegetation phenology to varying UI gradients when comparing urban cores with suburban areas. Phenological differences were observed between cities in different geographic zones and ecoregions across China. For Northwest China, greater urbanization leads to larger SOS delay and more notable GSL (growing season length) reduction in urban cores relative to suburbs, reflecting a spatial pattern of vegetation phenology along the urbanization gradient in the region. These quantitative findings suggest that it is important to take account of the effects of urban environments in studying the phenological responses to future climate change.

随着城市化的快速发展，植被物候与城市化的关系受到了全球的关注。虽然以往的研究主要集中在比较农村和城市地区的物候模式，但对不同城市环境下植被物候如何响应城市化强度梯度（UI）的理解仍然有限。本研究综合分析了中国233个城市植被物候对UI梯度的响应。结果表明，由于城市核心区和郊区的城市环境特征不同，植被物候对UI的响应存在差异。在城市核心和郊区都观察到植被物候与ISA（不透水面面积，作为UI的一个指标）的非线性关联。随着ISA的增加，城市核心区和城郊的生长季开始SOS和生长季结束EOS的差异显著增大，表明城市核心区的SOS和EOS在城市化进程中比城郊更为滞后。当ISA在90 ~ 100%范围内时，中国233个城市的核心城区平均SOS比郊区晚2.31天。在研究的172个城市中，105个城市中心城区的SOS相对于郊区出现了延迟，延迟时间为0.17 ~ 43.92天。此外，城市核心区与郊区植被物候对不同UI梯度的差异响应存在显著的空间异质性。在中国不同地理区域和生态区域的城市间，物候特征存在差异。在西北地区，城市化程度越高，城市核心的SOS延迟时间越长，生长季长度（GSL）减少越显著，反映了该地区植被物候的空间格局。这些定量结果表明，在研究未来气候变化的物候响应时，考虑城市环境的影响是很重要的。

{"title":"Diverging vegetation phenology responses between urban cores and suburbs in 233 Chinese cities","authors":"Yuqin Liu , Yuan Chen , Tao Lin , Hongkai Geng , Guoqin Zhang , Yiyi Huang , Xin Cao , Meixia Lin , Junmao Zhang , Saiping Xu , Jiahua Zhang , Gerrit de Leeuw","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development of urbanization, the relation between vegetation phenology and urbanization has gained global attention. While previous research has primarily focused on comparing phenological patterns between rural and urban areas, the understanding of how vegetation phenology responds to gradients of urbanization intensity (UI) in different urban environments remains limited. This study comprehensively analyzed the variations in vegetation phenology responses to UI gradients across 233 cities in China. The results showed that the response of vegetation phenology to UI was different between urban cores and suburban areas, owing to the distinct urban environmental characteristics of the two types of regions. A nonlinear association of vegetation phenology to ISA (impervious surface area, as an indicator for UI) was observed over both urban cores and suburban areas. The differences in both SOS (start of the growing season) and EOS (end of the growing season) between urban cores and suburban areas noticeably increased with increasing ISA, indicating that the SOS and EOS delayed more with intensive urbanization in urban cores than in suburban areas. When the ISA ranged from 90 to100%, the average SOS in the urban cores of all 233 cities in China was 2.31 days later than that in the suburban areas. Among the 172 cities studied, 105 experienced a delayed SOS in urban cores with respect to that in suburban areas, with delays ranging from 0.17 to 43.92 days. Moreover, the data showed a significant spatial heterogeneity in the differential response of vegetation phenology to varying UI gradients when comparing urban cores with suburban areas. Phenological differences were observed between cities in different geographic zones and ecoregions across China. For Northwest China, greater urbanization leads to larger SOS delay and more notable GSL (growing season length) reduction in urban cores relative to suburbs, reflecting a spatial pattern of vegetation phenology along the urbanization gradient in the region. These quantitative findings suggest that it is important to take account of the effects of urban environments in studying the phenological responses to future climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 105578"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The negative impact of urban sprawl on biodiversity: A simulation approach to genetic diversity in European cities 城市扩张对生物多样性的负面影响：欧洲城市遗传多样性的模拟方法

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105586

Paul Savary, Cécile Tannier, Jean-Christophe Foltête

Current urbanization trends pose multiple challenges to biodiversity conservation and the provision of ecosystem services to city dwellers. Beside attempts to halt urbanization, urban planners can control urban forms, i.e., the spatial configuration of artificial areas within and around cities. Yet, a lack of consensus on their influence on biodiversity hinders appropriate decision-making. It is commonly predicted that compact cities should exhibit low biodiversity levels at their center while preserving the biodiversity of peri-urban areas, whereas the opposite pattern should be observed in sprawled cities. To test whether these trade-offs can actually emerge from existing urban forms, we simulated the genetic diversity of urban and peri-urban animal populations in 325 European cities. We delineated them by standardizing the proportion of artificial areas to 20 %, and distinguishing urban green spaces from forest habitats. We then modeled the indirect interplay of urban forms (irrespective of the degree of urbanization), the connectivity of these two habitats, and their respective genetic diversity. Our statistical path modeling results revealed an overall negative effect of urban sprawl on habitat connectivity, and consequently on genetic diversity in both habitat types. Interestingly, forest habitat connectivity was a better predictor of genetic diversity in the urban populations of the simulated species than was urban green space connectivity. This reflected the importance of preserving peri-urban habitats from urban sprawl, as they may act as biodiversity sources for city centers. Accordingly, efforts to foster biodiversity within cities should not overshadow the large-scale impacts of urban sprawl on peri-urban biodiversity.

当前的城市化趋势对生物多样性保护和向城市居民提供生态系统服务提出了多重挑战。除了试图阻止城市化，城市规划者还可以控制城市形态，即城市内部和周围人工区域的空间配置。然而，对它们对生物多样性的影响缺乏共识阻碍了适当的决策。一般认为，紧凑型城市在保持城市周边生物多样性的同时，其中心生物多样性水平较低，而扩张型城市则相反。为了测试这些权衡是否真的可以从现有的城市形式中出现，我们模拟了325个欧洲城市的城市和城郊动物种群的遗传多样性。我们将人工区域的比例标准化为20%，并将城市绿地与森林栖息地区分开来。然后，我们模拟了城市形态（不考虑城市化程度）、这两种栖息地的连通性及其各自的遗传多样性之间的间接相互作用。我们的统计路径建模结果显示，城市扩张对栖息地连通性的总体负面影响，从而对两种栖息地类型的遗传多样性产生负面影响。有趣的是，森林栖息地连通性比城市绿地连通性更能预测模拟物种在城市种群中的遗传多样性。这反映了保护城市周边栖息地免受城市扩张的重要性，因为它们可以作为城市中心的生物多样性来源。因此，促进城市内生物多样性的努力不应掩盖城市扩张对城市周边生物多样性的大规模影响。

{"title":"The negative impact of urban sprawl on biodiversity: A simulation approach to genetic diversity in European cities","authors":"Paul Savary, Cécile Tannier, Jean-Christophe Foltête","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current urbanization trends pose multiple challenges to biodiversity conservation and the provision of ecosystem services to city dwellers. Beside attempts to halt urbanization, urban planners can control urban forms, i.e., the spatial configuration of artificial areas within and around cities. Yet, a lack of consensus on their influence on biodiversity hinders appropriate decision-making. It is commonly predicted that compact cities should exhibit low biodiversity levels at their center while preserving the biodiversity of peri-urban areas, whereas the opposite pattern should be observed in sprawled cities. To test whether these trade-offs can actually emerge from existing urban forms, we simulated the genetic diversity of urban and peri-urban animal populations in 325 European cities. We delineated them by standardizing the proportion of artificial areas to 20 %, and distinguishing urban green spaces from forest habitats. We then modeled the indirect interplay of urban forms (irrespective of the degree of urbanization), the connectivity of these two habitats, and their respective genetic diversity. Our statistical path modeling results revealed an overall negative effect of urban sprawl on habitat connectivity, and consequently on genetic diversity in both habitat types. Interestingly, forest habitat connectivity was a better predictor of genetic diversity in the urban populations of the simulated species than was urban green space connectivity. This reflected the importance of preserving peri-urban habitats from urban sprawl, as they may act as biodiversity sources for city centers. Accordingly, efforts to foster biodiversity within cities should not overshadow the large-scale impacts of urban sprawl on peri-urban biodiversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 105586"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of rapid urbanisation on human–snake conflicts in a tropical mega-city: Challenges to biodiversity conservation and healthcare systems 热带特大城市快速城市化对人蛇冲突的影响：对生物多样性保护和医疗保健系统的挑战

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105582

Napat Ratnarathorn , Budda Chotimanvijit , Nipit Sanunsilp , Panithi Laoungbua , Vachirapong Charoennitiwat , Chalita Kongrit , Phakhawat Thaweepworadej

Rapid urbanisation and landscape transformation in tropical cities drives significant losses of natural habitats and generates overlapping zones between human settlements and wildlife habitats, potentially intensifying human–wildlife conflicts. Among these conflicts, interactions with snakes are particularly common and among the deadliest forms of human–wildlife conflicts in the tropics. However, they remain poorly understood in many rapidly developing cities in this region. In this study we used participatory science data on human–snake encounters in the Bangkok region—a rapidly urbanising tropical mega-city in Thailand—to explore how human–snake conflicts vary with urbanisation and to assess the linkage between healthcare systems and snake encounter hotspots. The Bangkok region accounted for one-third of the country’s total snake encounters species during our February 2021–January 2022 study period. Our analysis revealed complex dynamics in human–snake conflicts, identifying urbanisation intensity and grassland cover as major drivers of snake encounter rates and species richness. Recent urban expansion and subsequent grassland conversion tend to escalate human–snake conflicts, suggesting that a compact city approach could serve as a mitigation solution whilst promoting sustainable urban development. Notably, urban tree-cover had no significant impact on snake encounters, suggesting that policies aimed at increasing tree-cover may not affect human–snake conflicts in tropical cities. Areas with high snake encounter risks were not positively associated with availability, accessibility, and capacity of hospitals, highlighting critical gaps in healthcare systems concerning human–snake interfaces. Our study provides a valuable insight to inform integrated urban planning and public health management that emphasise the need to balance development with habitat preservation, prioritises healthcare accessibility in high-risk areas, and promote public education through online participatory science platforms to mitigate human–snake conflicts and enhance ecosystem resilience in rapidly urbanising tropical cities.

热带城市的快速城市化和景观转变导致自然栖息地的严重丧失，并在人类住区和野生动物栖息地之间产生重叠地带，可能加剧人类与野生动物的冲突。在这些冲突中，与蛇的互动尤其常见，也是热带地区人类与野生动物冲突中最致命的形式之一。然而，在该地区许多快速发展的城市，人们对它们的了解仍然很少。在这项研究中，我们使用了泰国快速城市化的热带特大城市曼谷地区人蛇冲突的参与式科学数据，探索人蛇冲突如何随着城市化而变化，并评估医疗系统与蛇遭遇热点之间的联系。在我们2021年2月至2022年1月的研究期间，曼谷地区占全国蛇遭遇物种总数的三分之一。我们的分析揭示了人蛇冲突的复杂动态，确定城市化强度和草地覆盖是蛇遭遇率和物种丰富度的主要驱动因素。最近的城市扩张和随后的草地转换倾向于升级人蛇冲突，这表明紧凑型城市方法可以作为缓解解决方案，同时促进可持续城市发展。值得注意的是，城市树木覆盖率对蛇的遭遇没有显著影响，这表明旨在增加树木覆盖率的政策可能不会影响热带城市的人蛇冲突。遇蛇风险高的地区与医院的可得性、可及性和能力没有正相关，这突出了医疗系统在人蛇界面方面的严重差距。我们的研究为综合城市规划和公共卫生管理提供了有价值的见解，强调平衡发展与栖息地保护的必要性，优先考虑高风险地区的医疗保健可及性，并通过在线参与式科学平台促进公众教育，以减轻快速城市化的热带城市的人蛇冲突，增强生态系统的恢复力。

{"title":"Effects of rapid urbanisation on human–snake conflicts in a tropical mega-city: Challenges to biodiversity conservation and healthcare systems","authors":"Napat Ratnarathorn , Budda Chotimanvijit , Nipit Sanunsilp , Panithi Laoungbua , Vachirapong Charoennitiwat , Chalita Kongrit , Phakhawat Thaweepworadej","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid urbanisation and landscape transformation in tropical cities drives significant losses of natural habitats and generates overlapping zones between human settlements and wildlife habitats, potentially intensifying human–wildlife conflicts. Among these conflicts, interactions with snakes are particularly common and among the deadliest forms of human–wildlife conflicts in the tropics. However, they remain poorly understood in many rapidly developing cities in this region. In this study we used participatory science data on human–snake encounters in the Bangkok region—a rapidly urbanising tropical mega-city in Thailand—to explore how human–snake conflicts vary with urbanisation and to assess the linkage between healthcare systems and snake encounter hotspots. The Bangkok region accounted for one-third of the country’s total snake encounters species during our February 2021–January 2022 study period. Our analysis revealed complex dynamics in human–snake conflicts, identifying urbanisation intensity and grassland cover as major drivers of snake encounter rates and species richness. Recent urban expansion and subsequent grassland conversion tend to escalate human–snake conflicts, suggesting that a compact city approach could serve as a mitigation solution whilst promoting sustainable urban development. Notably, urban tree-cover had no significant impact on snake encounters, suggesting that policies aimed at increasing tree-cover may not affect human–snake conflicts in tropical cities. Areas with high snake encounter risks were not positively associated with availability, accessibility, and capacity of hospitals, highlighting critical gaps in healthcare systems concerning human–snake interfaces. Our study provides a valuable insight to inform integrated urban planning and public health management that emphasise the need to balance development with habitat preservation, prioritises healthcare accessibility in high-risk areas, and promote public education through online participatory science platforms to mitigate human–snake conflicts and enhance ecosystem resilience in rapidly urbanising tropical cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 105582"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ecology of marginality—linking the informal settlement of mangrove forests and the rise of ecological novelty 边缘生态——将红树林的非正式住区与生态新颖性的兴起联系起来

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105585

José M. Riascos , Levy D. Obonaga , Kevin Morales , Fernando Parra-Velandia , Manuel J. Moreno

The human habitation of mangrove forests in coastal cities of Latin America has historically be seen a signature of the marginalization of low-income ethnic minorities, but the ecological consequences of this dwelling practice is far from being understood. This study examines the impact of chronic stress from expanding low-income urban settlements on plant and intertidal macrofaunal communities in Colombian Caribbean mangroves commonly dominated by Rhizophora mangle, comparing urban, rural, and wild mangrove stands. In urbanized mangrove forests, R. mangle was replaced by Laguncularia racemosa, a hallmark of urbanization in Caribbean mangroves. Intriguingly, urban forests experienced a significant increase in species richness compared to wild counterparts. This suggests reconsidering this variable as indicator of ecosystem degradation. Urbanized mangroves host novel assemblages of mangrove species, alien species, utilized plants, generalist weeds or pests, and freshwater species. These assemblages reflect typical urbanization processes in low-income coastal areas from the Global South, with wastewater runoff shaping biotic structure and providing food subsidies for opportunistic species. The use of rubble and timber for landfilling in urban mangroves alters tidal regimes and flood patterns, adding stress to remaining forest patches and promoting the proliferation of utilized plants and alien freshwater species representing a threat for human health. This study highlights the complex interplay between ecological and social processes in creating ecological novelty.

拉丁美洲沿海城市红树林的人类居住历史上被视为低收入少数民族边缘化的标志，但这种居住实践的生态后果远未被理解。本研究比较了城市、农村和野生红树林林分，探讨了不断扩大的低收入城市住区对哥伦比亚加勒比红树林植物和潮间带大型动物群落的慢性压力的影响。在城市化的红树林中，红杉被总状拉筋（Laguncularia racemosa）所取代，这是加勒比红树林城市化的标志。有趣的是，与野生森林相比，城市森林的物种丰富度显著增加。这建议重新考虑这个变量作为生态系统退化的指标。城市化的红树林容纳了红树林物种、外来物种、利用植物、杂草或害虫以及淡水物种的新组合。这些组合反映了全球南方低收入沿海地区典型的城市化进程，废水径流塑造了生物结构，并为机会主义物种提供了食物补贴。在城市红树林中使用碎石和木材进行填埋改变了潮汐状况和洪水模式，给剩余的森林斑块增加了压力，并促进了对人类健康构成威胁的利用植物和外来淡水物种的扩散。这项研究强调了生态新颖性产生过程中生态和社会过程之间复杂的相互作用。

{"title":"The ecology of marginality—linking the informal settlement of mangrove forests and the rise of ecological novelty","authors":"José M. Riascos , Levy D. Obonaga , Kevin Morales , Fernando Parra-Velandia , Manuel J. Moreno","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human habitation of mangrove forests in coastal cities of Latin America has historically be seen a signature of the marginalization of low-income ethnic minorities, but the ecological consequences of this dwelling practice is far from being understood. This study examines the impact of chronic stress from expanding low-income urban settlements on plant and intertidal macrofaunal communities in Colombian Caribbean mangroves commonly dominated by <em>Rhizophora mangle</em>, comparing urban, rural, and wild mangrove stands. In urbanized mangrove forests, <em>R. mangle</em> was replaced by <em>Laguncularia racemosa</em>, a hallmark of urbanization in Caribbean mangroves. Intriguingly, urban forests experienced a significant increase in species richness compared to wild counterparts. This suggests reconsidering this variable as indicator of ecosystem degradation. Urbanized mangroves host novel assemblages of mangrove species, alien species, utilized plants, generalist weeds or pests, and freshwater species. These assemblages reflect typical urbanization processes in low-income coastal areas from the Global South, with wastewater runoff shaping biotic structure and providing food subsidies for opportunistic species. The use of rubble and timber for landfilling in urban mangroves alters tidal regimes and flood patterns, adding stress to remaining forest patches and promoting the proliferation of utilized plants and alien freshwater species representing a threat for human health. This study highlights the complex interplay between ecological and social processes in creating ecological novelty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 105585"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Size doesn’t always matter: Greenspace connectivity can offset insufficient habitat patch size to improve urban tits breeding success 大小并不总是很重要：绿地的连通性可以抵消栖息地面积不足，从而提高城市山雀的繁殖成功率

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105584

François-Marie Martin , Jean-Christophe Foltête , Gilles Vuidel , Stéphane Garnier , Aurélie Khimoun , Nicolas Navarro , Célia Sineau , Bruno Faivre

Urban landscapes are often highly fragmented, constraining animals to live in and exploit a multitude of habitat patches (e.g., greenspaces) of varying size and isolation. Small greenspaces may not contain enough resources for species to maintain viable populations. Yet, appropriate spatial configuration of the habitat network (i.e., high greenspace connectivity) could theoretically alleviate or even compensate the local food resource limitations by allowing access to additional foraging grounds. Surprisingly, this effect has never been tested to explain the reproductive performances of urban fauna. We hypothesised that higher greenspace connectivity would improve the breeding outputs of two insectivorous bird species (tits), especially with decreasing nesting greenspace area (i.e., the habitat patch where the nest is located).

For four years, we monitored the survival and mass of nestlings of Parus major and Cyanistes caeruleus using 240 nestboxes located along a multivariate urban gradient in Dijon (France), and analysed their variations with GLMMs while controlling for various confounding factors (e.g., urbanness, noise and light pollution, microclimate, vegetation management). Functional connectivity was measured through graph-based modelling.

Greenspace connectivity was important to explain both nestling survival and mass while the nesting greenspace area was not a good predictor of breeding success. Furthermore, the positive effect of connectivity on nestling survival significantly increased with decreasing area of their nesting patches.

Urban tits can maintain successful reproduction dynamics in small greenspaces provided those are well connected to the network of preferred foraging habitats. Promoting the connectivity of interstitial urban greenspaces could thus partly compensate for their frequently insufficient sizes in cities.

城市景观往往是高度碎片化的，这限制了动物生活和利用大量大小不一和孤立的栖息地斑块（如绿地）。小的绿地可能没有足够的资源来维持物种的生存。然而，栖息地网络的适当空间配置（即高绿地连通性）理论上可以通过允许进入额外的觅食地来缓解甚至补偿当地食物资源的限制。令人惊讶的是，这种效应从未被用来解释城市动物的繁殖表现。我们假设，更高的绿地连通性将提高两种食虫鸟类（山雀）的繁殖产量，特别是随着筑巢绿地面积（即巢所在的栖息地斑块）的减少。在4年的时间里，我们在法国第戎（Dijon）的一个多变量城市梯度上设置了240个巢箱，监测了Parus major和Cyanistes caeruleus的存活率和雏鸟数量，并在控制各种混杂因素（如城市、噪音和光污染、小气候、植被管理）的情况下，分析了它们与glmm的变化。通过基于图的建模来测量功能连通性。绿地连通性对于解释雏鸟存活率和数量都很重要，而筑巢绿地面积并不是繁殖成功的良好预测指标。此外，连通性对雏鸟成活率的积极作用随着筑巢斑块面积的减少而显著增强。城市山雀可以在小型绿地中保持成功的繁殖动态，前提是这些绿地与首选觅食栖息地网络有良好的联系。因此，促进城市间隙绿地的连通性可以在一定程度上弥补它们在城市中经常不足的规模。

{"title":"Size doesn’t always matter: Greenspace connectivity can offset insufficient habitat patch size to improve urban tits breeding success","authors":"François-Marie Martin , Jean-Christophe Foltête , Gilles Vuidel , Stéphane Garnier , Aurélie Khimoun , Nicolas Navarro , Célia Sineau , Bruno Faivre","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban landscapes are often highly fragmented, constraining animals to live in and exploit a multitude of habitat patches (e.g., greenspaces) of varying size and isolation. Small greenspaces may not contain enough resources for species to maintain viable populations. Yet, appropriate spatial configuration of the habitat network (i.e., high greenspace connectivity) could theoretically alleviate or even compensate the local food resource limitations by allowing access to additional foraging grounds. Surprisingly, this effect has never been tested to explain the reproductive performances of urban fauna. We hypothesised that higher greenspace connectivity would improve the breeding outputs of two insectivorous bird species (tits), especially with decreasing nesting greenspace area (i.e., the habitat patch where the nest is located).</div><div>For four years, we monitored the survival and mass of nestlings of <em>Parus major</em> and <em>Cyanistes caeruleus</em> using 240 nestboxes located along a multivariate urban gradient in Dijon (France), and analysed their variations with GLMMs while controlling for various confounding factors (e.g., urbanness, noise and light pollution, microclimate, vegetation management). Functional connectivity was measured through graph-based modelling.</div><div>Greenspace connectivity was important to explain both nestling survival and mass while the nesting greenspace area was not a good predictor of breeding success. Furthermore, the positive effect of connectivity on nestling survival significantly increased with decreasing area of their nesting patches.</div><div>Urban tits can maintain successful reproduction dynamics in small greenspaces provided those are well connected to the network of preferred foraging habitats. Promoting the connectivity of interstitial urban greenspaces could thus partly compensate for their frequently insufficient sizes in cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 105584"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond protected areas: Optimizing conservation planning through integrated ecosystem services and connectivity assessment in Okinawa, Japan 超越保护区：通过综合生态系统服务和连通性评估优化日本冲绳的保护规划

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105580

Jihwan Kim , Toshinori Tanaka

引用次数: 0

Impacts of climate change and urbanization on soil moisture dynamics have reduced regional flood resilience 气候变化和城市化对土壤水分动态的影响降低了区域抗洪能力

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105583

Xiaodi Wang , Yufei Sun , Danyun Jin , Bochuan Zhao , Zimeng Zhang , Yong Chen , Xianfeng Li , Liang Xiong

Climate change, by altering precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, and urbanization, through reducing soil pore and infiltration capacity, both undermine soil water retention and increase flood risks. However, little is known about the combined impact of these factors on soil moisture dynamics. We assessed soil moisture dynamics in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 1985 to 2022. A flood resilience map was developed using a robustness index based on soil moisture. The findings indicate that urbanization has significantly reduced soil moisture in urban areas (β = −0.11). Regional soil moisture showed a slight increasing trend, and the estimated coefficients for precipitation and potential evapotranspiration were 0.33 and −0.37, respectively. Urbanization primarily reduced soil moisture in urban areas, while climate change increased soil moisture in regional and natural areas. Meanwhile, notable fluctuations were observed across urban cores, urban boundaries, and coastal areas, indicating the system’s low robustness. The flood resilience risk space exhibited a three-tiered structure, comprising high-risk cores, medium-risk belts, and low-risk points. The three-tier spatial planning framework is proposed to enhance flood resilience: (1) managing compact urban form with a compactness index range of 1.60–1.65, (2) developing a 6.5 km resilient sponge network within the urban boundary where the built-up area fraction remains below 41%, and (3) restoring permeable substrates along coastal areas. This framework evaluates regional resilience through the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil moisture, assessing regional robustness and mapping flood risk for high-density urban agglomerations facing extreme climate events.

气候变化通过改变降水和潜在蒸散量，城市化通过减少土壤孔隙和入渗能力，都破坏了土壤保水能力，增加了洪水风险。然而，这些因素对土壤水分动态的综合影响知之甚少。以1985 - 2022年粤港澳大湾区土壤水分动态为研究对象。利用基于土壤湿度的稳健性指数，建立了洪水恢复力图。结果表明，城市化显著降低了城市地区的土壤湿度（β = - 0.11）。区域土壤湿度呈轻微增加趋势，降水和潜在蒸散估算系数分别为0.33和- 0.37。城市化主要降低了城市地区的土壤湿度，而气候变化则增加了区域和自然地区的土壤湿度。同时，在城市核心、城市边界和沿海地区均观察到明显的波动，表明系统的鲁棒性较低。洪水恢复力风险空间呈现高风险核心、中风险带和低风险点的三层结构。为了提高城市的抗洪能力，提出了三层空间规划框架：(1)管理紧凑的城市形态，紧凑度指数范围为1.60-1.65;(2)在城市边界内建设6.5 km的弹性海绵网络，使建成区比例保持在41%以下；(3)恢复沿海地区的透水性基质。该框架通过土壤湿度的时空动态、评估区域稳健性和绘制高密度城市群面临极端气候事件的洪水风险来评估区域恢复力。

{"title":"Impacts of climate change and urbanization on soil moisture dynamics have reduced regional flood resilience","authors":"Xiaodi Wang , Yufei Sun , Danyun Jin , Bochuan Zhao , Zimeng Zhang , Yong Chen , Xianfeng Li , Liang Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change, by altering precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, and urbanization, through reducing soil pore and infiltration capacity, both undermine soil water retention and increase flood risks. However, little is known about the combined impact of these factors on soil moisture dynamics. We assessed soil moisture dynamics in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 1985 to 2022. A flood resilience map was developed using a robustness index based on soil moisture. The findings indicate that urbanization has significantly reduced soil moisture in urban areas (<em>β</em> = −0.11). Regional soil moisture showed a slight increasing trend, and the estimated coefficients for precipitation and potential evapotranspiration were 0.33 and −0.37, respectively. Urbanization primarily reduced soil moisture in urban areas, while climate change increased soil moisture in regional and natural areas. Meanwhile, notable fluctuations were observed across urban cores, urban boundaries, and coastal areas, indicating the system’s low robustness. The flood resilience risk space exhibited a three-tiered structure, comprising high-risk cores, medium-risk belts, and low-risk points. The three-tier spatial planning framework is proposed to enhance flood resilience: (1) managing compact urban form with a compactness index range of 1.60–1.65, (2) developing a 6.5 km resilient sponge network within the urban boundary where the built-up area fraction remains below 41%, and (3) restoring permeable substrates along coastal areas. This framework evaluates regional resilience through the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil moisture, assessing regional robustness and mapping flood risk for high-density urban agglomerations facing extreme climate events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 105583"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The divergent environmental trajectories of formerly redlined communities: a time series analysis of green investment in Chicago 前红线社区的不同环境轨迹：芝加哥绿色投资的时间序列分析

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105576

Michelle Stuhlmacher , Jieun Kim

This study examines the environmental trajectories—in terms of overall greenness, tree canopy coverage, and new park space—in formerly redlined communities in Chicago between 2010 and 2020. Unlike prior research that examines green space disparities at a single point in time, we adopt a longitudinal approach to document post-redlining green investments. We find that neighborhoods with lower redlining grades (C and D) often showed greater increases in greening, although these increases declined in the latter half of the study period (2015–2020). Divergent greening patterns were also observed within C- and D-graded areas: census tracts characterized by an increase in homeownership after redlining showed higher greening investment than those where homeownership declined between 1940 and 2020. Overall, these results show substantial heterogeneity in greening trajectories among formerly redlined neighborhoods with the neighborhoods that continued to experience the strongest impacts of discriminatory housing practices receiving the least green investment.

本研究考察了2010年至2020年间芝加哥原红线社区的环境轨迹——总体绿化率、树冠覆盖率和新公园空间。与以往在单一时间点上考察绿地差异的研究不同，我们采用纵向方法来记录红线后的绿色投资。我们发现，红线等级（C和D）较低的社区往往表现出更大的绿化增长，尽管这些增长在研究期的后半段（2015-2020年）有所下降。在C级和d级地区也观察到不同的绿化模式：1940年至2020年期间，人口普查区的特征是房屋拥有率增加，而房屋拥有率下降的地区则显示出更高的绿化投资。总体而言，这些结果表明，在以前被划红线的社区中，绿化轨迹存在很大的异质性，继续受到歧视性住房做法影响最大的社区获得的绿色投资最少。

{"title":"The divergent environmental trajectories of formerly redlined communities: a time series analysis of green investment in Chicago","authors":"Michelle Stuhlmacher , Jieun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the environmental trajectories—in terms of overall greenness, tree canopy coverage, and new park space—in formerly redlined communities in Chicago between 2010 and 2020. Unlike prior research that examines green space disparities at a single point in time, we adopt a longitudinal approach to document post-redlining green investments. We find that neighborhoods with lower redlining grades (C and D) often showed greater increases in greening, although these increases declined in the latter half of the study period (2015–2020). Divergent greening patterns were also observed <em>within</em> C- and D-graded areas: census tracts characterized by an increase in homeownership after redlining showed higher greening investment than those where homeownership declined between 1940 and 2020. Overall, these results show substantial heterogeneity in greening trajectories among formerly redlined neighborhoods with the neighborhoods that continued to experience the strongest impacts of discriminatory housing practices receiving the least green investment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 105576"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seeing green, staying longer? A causal analysis of visual green exposure and urban park engagement using mobility and panoramas data 看到绿色，呆得更久？利用移动性和全景数据对视觉绿色暴露和城市公园参与的因果分析

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105579

Yichun Zhou , Xiyuan Ren , Takahiro Yabe , ChengHe Guan

Urban green spaces are vital components of city landscapes, yet the role of visible greenery in promoting park use remains poorly understood due to limitations of static, correlational evidence. This study provides quasi-experimental evidence linking visual green exposure (VGE) to urban park engagement, specifically visit duration and physical activity intensity, using large-scale human mobility data and panoramic imagery across Tokyo’s 23 special wards. Employing propensity score matching (PSM), inverse probability weighting (IPW), and overlap weighting (OW), the analysis reveals that park visits with average VGE exceeding 30% are result in 3.36 min longer stays and 116.95 m additional walking distance relative to lower-exposure visits. However, these effects exhibit systematic spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Spatially, urban density mediates VGE’s impact, high VGE boosts engagement in dense city centers but shortens walking distance in peri-urban areas. Temporally, the positive influence of VGE on stat duration is most pronounced on weekends and during morning to midday hours, while declines in evenings. Seasonally, spring and fall amplify the influence of VGE’s on physical activity, while winter shows minimal effects despite year-round accessibility. These findings demonstrate VGE is influential yet context-dependent driver of park usage. By translating visibility into quantifiable engagement metrics, this study offers actionable guidance for planners, including optimized canopy placement and strategic vegetation configuration, to enhance public interaction with nature in dense urban settings.

城市绿地是城市景观的重要组成部分，但由于静态相关证据的限制，人们对可见绿色植物在促进公园利用方面的作用知之甚少。本研究利用东京23个特殊病房的大规模人类移动数据和全景图像，提供了将视觉绿色暴露（VGE）与城市公园参与度联系起来的准实验证据，特别是访问时间和身体活动强度。采用倾向得分匹配（PSM）、逆概率加权（IPW）和重叠加权（OW）分析发现，相对于低暴露率游客，平均VGE超过30%的游客停留时间增加3.36 min，步行距离增加116.95 m。然而，这些效应表现出系统的时空异质性。在空间上，城市密度调节了VGE的影响，高VGE促进了密集城市中心的参与度，但缩短了城郊地区的步行距离。从时间上看，VGE对状态持续时间的积极影响在周末和早上至中午时段最为明显，而在晚上则有所下降。从季节上看，春季和秋季对身体活动的影响放大，而冬季对身体活动的影响最小，尽管全年可达。这些发现表明，VGE是影响公园使用的因素，但与环境有关。通过将可见性转化为可量化的参与指标，本研究为规划者提供了可操作的指导，包括优化树冠布局和战略性植被配置，以增强密集城市环境中公众与自然的互动。

{"title":"Seeing green, staying longer? A causal analysis of visual green exposure and urban park engagement using mobility and panoramas data","authors":"Yichun Zhou , Xiyuan Ren , Takahiro Yabe , ChengHe Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban green spaces are vital components of city landscapes, yet the role of visible greenery in promoting park use remains poorly understood due to limitations of static, correlational evidence. This study provides quasi-experimental evidence linking visual green exposure (VGE) to urban park engagement, specifically visit duration and physical activity intensity, using large-scale human mobility data and panoramic imagery across Tokyo’s 23 special wards. Employing propensity score matching (PSM), inverse probability weighting (IPW), and overlap weighting (OW), the analysis reveals that park visits with average VGE exceeding 30% are result in 3.36 min longer stays and 116.95 m additional walking distance relative to lower-exposure visits. However, these effects exhibit systematic spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Spatially, urban density mediates VGE’s impact, high VGE boosts engagement in dense city centers but shortens walking distance in <em>peri</em>-urban areas. Temporally, the positive influence of VGE on stat duration is most pronounced on weekends and during morning to midday hours, while declines in evenings. Seasonally, spring and fall amplify the influence of VGE’s on physical activity, while winter shows minimal effects despite year-round accessibility. These findings demonstrate VGE is influential yet context-dependent driver of park usage. By translating visibility into quantifiable engagement metrics, this study offers actionable guidance for planners, including optimized canopy placement and strategic vegetation configuration, to enhance public interaction with nature in dense urban settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 105579"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concomitant exposure to residential greenness, nitrogen dioxide, and outdoor light at night in association with incident anxiety 夜间同时暴露于住宅绿化、二氧化氮和室外光线与偶发性焦虑有关

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105577

Jiayun Zhang , Yexiang Sun , Zihan Li , Lisha Xu , Jingjing Hu , Jie Qiu , Xinhan Zhang , Zongming Yang , Zhanghang Zhu , Yonghao Wu , Yixing Wang , Hongbo Lin , Zhiqin Jiang , Liming Shui , Mengling Tang , Mingjuan Jin , Feng Tong , Kun Chen , Jianbing Wang

Background

Previous studies have suggested an inverse association between residential greenness and anxiety incidence, whereas exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and outdoor light at night (LAN) may elevate risk of anxiety. Nonetheless, their combined impacts, along with potential confounding, interaction, and mediation effects, merit further investigation.

Methods

This prospective cohort study was conducted in Yinzhou, China, comprising 27,882, participants aged over 18 years. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) were used to characterize greenspace around each participant’s residence. A land use regression (LUR) model was developed to estimate NO₂ concentrations, and outdoor LAN was assessed using satellite-derived images. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs), and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilized to depict exposure–response curves. Additionally, we applied a cumulative risk index (CRI) to quantify joint effects of co-existing exposures and explored both additive and multiplicative interactions as well as mediating effects.

Results

Over a median follow-up of 5.10 years, a total of 3,272 incident anxiety cases were identified. In single-exposure models, HRs (95 % CIs) per interquartile range (IQR) increment were 0.73 (0.70, 0.77) for NDVI 250 m, 1.20 (1.10, 1.30) for NO₂, and 1.21 (1.17, 1.24) for LAN, respectively. Both greenness and LAN exhibited notable deviations from linearity. Furthermore, the highest joint hazard ratio (JHR) of 1.42 (95 % CI: 1.30, 1.55) was observed when participants were simultaneously exposed to reduced greenness and elevated NO₂. Additive and multiplicative interactions were observed between greenness and NO₂, as well as between NO₂ and LAN. Mediation analyses revealed that 28 % (95 % CI: 14 %, 45 %) of the relationship between NDVI 250 m and anxiety was mediated by reduced LAN.

Conclusions

Residential greenness was inversely associated with anxiety incidence, whereas exposure to NO₂ and LAN may elevate risk of anxiety. The detrimental effects of NO₂ may be alleviated by increased greenspace but exacerbated by greater exposure to nighttime illumination. Our findings underscore the urgency of integrating greening initiatives and curtailing NO₂ and LAN within urban planning agendas to foster resilient and mental health-supportive cities worldwide.

以往的研究表明，住宅绿化与焦虑发生率呈负相关，而暴露于二氧化氮（NO2）和夜间室外光（LAN）可能会增加焦虑的风险。尽管如此，它们的综合影响，以及潜在的混淆、相互作用和中介效应，值得进一步研究。方法本前瞻性队列研究在中国鄞州进行，包括27,882名年龄在18岁以上的参与者。使用归一化植被指数（NDVI）和增强植被指数（EVI）来描述每个参与者住所周围的绿地。开发了土地利用回归（LUR）模型来估计NO2浓度，并使用卫星衍生图像评估室外LAN。采用Cox比例风险模型计算风险比（hr）和95%置信区间（95% ci），并采用限制性三次样条（RCS）描述暴露-反应曲线。此外，我们应用累积风险指数（CRI）来量化共存暴露的联合效应，并探讨了可加性和可乘性相互作用以及中介效应。结果在中位随访5.10年期间，共发现3272例突发焦虑症病例。在单次暴露模型中，NDVI 250 m、NO2和LAN的每四分位数范围（IQR）增量的hr （95% ci）分别为0.73（0.70,0.77）、1.20（1.10,1.30）和1.21（1.17,1.24）。绿度和LAN均表现出明显的线性偏差。此外，当参与者同时暴露于减少的绿化和升高的NO2时，观察到最高的联合危险比（JHR）为1.42 （95% CI: 1.30, 1.55）。绿度与NO2、NO2与LAN之间存在可加性和可乘性相互作用。中介分析显示，NDVI 250 m与焦虑之间的关系中有28% （95% CI: 14%, 45%）是由LAN减少介导的。结论住宅绿化与焦虑发生率呈负相关，暴露于NO2和LAN可提高焦虑发生率。增加绿化面积可以减轻二氧化氮的有害影响，但增加夜间照明会加剧二氧化氮的有害影响。我们的研究结果强调了在城市规划议程中整合绿化举措、减少二氧化氮和局域网的紧迫性，以在全球范围内培育具有弹性和精神健康支持性的城市。

{"title":"Concomitant exposure to residential greenness, nitrogen dioxide, and outdoor light at night in association with incident anxiety","authors":"Jiayun Zhang , Yexiang Sun , Zihan Li , Lisha Xu , Jingjing Hu , Jie Qiu , Xinhan Zhang , Zongming Yang , Zhanghang Zhu , Yonghao Wu , Yixing Wang , Hongbo Lin , Zhiqin Jiang , Liming Shui , Mengling Tang , Mingjuan Jin , Feng Tong , Kun Chen , Jianbing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous studies have suggested an inverse association between residential greenness and anxiety incidence, whereas exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) and outdoor light at night (LAN) may elevate risk of anxiety. Nonetheless, their combined impacts, along with potential confounding, interaction, and mediation effects, merit further investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective cohort study was conducted in Yinzhou, China, comprising 27,882, participants aged over 18 years. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) were used to characterize greenspace around each participant’s residence. A land use regression (LUR) model was developed to estimate NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations, and outdoor LAN was assessed using satellite-derived images. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs), and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilized to depict exposure–response curves. Additionally, we applied a cumulative risk index (CRI) to quantify joint effects of co-existing exposures and explored both additive and multiplicative interactions as well as mediating effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over a median follow-up of 5.10 years, a total of 3,272 incident anxiety cases were identified. In single-exposure models, HRs (95 % CIs) per interquartile range (IQR) increment were 0.73 (0.70, 0.77) for NDVI 250 m, 1.20 (1.10, 1.30) for NO<sub>2</sub>, and 1.21 (1.17, 1.24) for LAN, respectively. Both greenness and LAN exhibited notable deviations from linearity. Furthermore, the highest joint hazard ratio (JHR) of 1.42 (95 % CI: 1.30, 1.55) was observed when participants were simultaneously exposed to reduced greenness and elevated NO<sub>2</sub>. Additive and multiplicative interactions were observed between greenness and NO<sub>2</sub>, as well as between NO<sub>2</sub> and LAN. Mediation analyses revealed that 28 % (95 % CI: 14 %, 45 %) of the relationship between NDVI 250 m and anxiety was mediated by reduced LAN.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Residential greenness was inversely associated with anxiety incidence, whereas exposure to NO<sub>2</sub> and LAN may elevate risk of anxiety. The detrimental effects of NO<sub>2</sub> may be alleviated by increased greenspace but exacerbated by greater exposure to nighttime illumination. Our findings underscore the urgency of integrating greening initiatives and curtailing NO<sub>2</sub> and LAN within urban planning agendas to foster resilient and mental health-supportive cities worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"268 ","pages":"Article 105577"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0