Landscape and Urban Planning最新文献

Exploring the potential of generative AI to complement multi-stakeholder landscape preference assessment 探索生成式人工智能的潜力，以补充多利益相关者景观偏好评估

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105602

Jingya Lin , Chongzhi Chen , Tian Feng , Sigao Huo , Kexin Zhang , Baiyu Dong , Shanshan Xiang , Ke Wang , Lu Huang

As urbanization and agricultural intensification continue to reshape rural landscapes, understanding and incorporating diverse stakeholder preferences has become crucial for sustainable land use and management. Traditional landscape preference assessments remain constrained by limited scalability, high cost, and time intensity, highlighting the potential of artificial intelligence to complement human evaluation. This study employs two multimodal large language models (MLLMs), GPT-4o and Qwen3, to simulate and analyze the landscape preferences of farmers, tourists, and experts in the Mulberry-Dyke and Fish-Pond agricultural landscape in China. Extreme gradient boosting and Shapley additive explanations were applied to examine discrepancies between MLLMs’ predictions and human judgments, and to examine how specific landscape characteristics shape stakeholder preferences. Furthermore, stakeholder-derived importance weights of landscape characteristics were incorporated into the prompts to improve model alignment with human perception. The results show that GPT-4o outperformed Qwen3 in predicting human preferences. While humans emphasized the dyke-pond ratio and fishpond shape, GPT-4o tended to prioritize built-environment features such as local buildings. Incorporating stakeholder evaluations into the prompting process substantially enhanced model-human correlation by approximately 38%, 85%, and 54% for farmers, tourists, and experts, respectively. These findings demonstrate that MLLMs can serve as adaptive tools for multi-stakeholder landscape preference evaluations, offering new opportunities to integrate diverse human perspectives into landscape planning and decision-making.

随着城市化和农业集约化继续重塑农村景观，了解和纳入不同利益相关者的偏好对于可持续土地利用和管理至关重要。传统的景观偏好评估仍然受到有限的可扩展性、高成本和时间强度的限制，这凸显了人工智能对人类评估的补充潜力。本研究采用gpt - 40和Qwen3两个多模态大语言模型（mllm），对中国桑堤鱼塘农业景观中农户、游客和专家的景观偏好进行模拟分析。应用极端梯度增强和Shapley加性解释来检验mllm预测与人类判断之间的差异，并检验特定景观特征如何影响利益相关者的偏好。此外，将利益相关者衍生的景观特征重要性权重纳入提示中，以提高模型与人类感知的一致性。结果表明，gpt - 40在预测人类偏好方面优于Qwen3。当人类强调堤塘比例和鱼塘形状时，gpt - 40倾向于优先考虑建筑环境特征，如当地建筑。将利益相关者评估纳入提示过程中，对农民、游客和专家来说，模型与人的相关性分别提高了约38%、85%和54%。这些发现表明，mllm可以作为多利益相关者景观偏好评估的适应性工具，为将不同的人类视角整合到景观规划和决策中提供了新的机会。

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引用次数: 0

Generative artificial intelligence use in automated urban ecological assessments requires substantial human oversight 在自动化城市生态评估中使用生成式人工智能需要大量的人为监督

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105615

Daniel Richards , David Worden , Sandra Lavorel

Automated data processing pipelines and generative artificial intelligence (AI) present new opportunities for scaling ecological assessments across urban areas, yet the practical utility and limitations remain untested. This study provides a workflow for automated urban ecological reporting, which integrates 25 public datasets and performs statistical and spatial data analyses to quantify indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem services. The workflow incorporates large language models to aid synthesis and writing. Reports were generated for diverse cities worldwide and reviewed by domain experts to assess quality, trust, and potential to inform urban planning. Respondents found that while the structure and data integration had potential to be helpful, the draft reports required substantial human revision. Factual sections relying on high-quality datasets needed the fewest changes, whereas content based heavily on AI inference, such as descriptions of climate change adaptation options, were inaccurate, generic, or culturally inappropriate. Despite these limitations, participants generally viewed the reports as potentially helpful. Of the total labour required to create reports, respondents estimated that around 10% could be substituted by automation. Our findings suggest that AI-assisted automated report generation may be scaled up to support urban sustainability efforts, but only with strong human oversight and transparent disclosure of AI use. Trust in automated assessments depends on transparency, and the inclusion of local voices in legitimising final outputs. Even with automation, substantial investment in human labour will be required to make ecological assessments available for towns and cities around the world.

自动化数据处理管道和生成式人工智能（AI）为在城市地区扩大生态评估规模提供了新的机会，但实际效用和局限性仍有待检验。本研究提供了一个城市生态自动化报告的工作流程，该流程整合了25个公共数据集，并进行了统计和空间数据分析，以量化生物多样性和生态系统服务指标。工作流包含大型语言模型，以帮助合成和编写。报告是为世界各地不同的城市生成的，并由领域专家审查，以评估质量、信任和潜力，为城市规划提供信息。受访者发现，虽然结构和数据集成有可能有所帮助，但报告草案需要大量的人工修改。依赖于高质量数据集的事实部分需要的修改最少，而基于人工智能推断的内容，如对气候变化适应方案的描述，则不准确、通用或在文化上不合适。尽管存在这些限制，但参与者普遍认为这些报告可能有帮助。在创建报告所需的全部劳动力中，受访者估计约有10%可以被自动化取代。我们的研究结果表明，人工智能辅助的自动报告生成可以扩大规模，以支持城市可持续发展的努力，但前提是必须有强有力的人为监督和透明的人工智能使用披露。对自动评估的信任取决于透明度，以及在最终产出合法化过程中纳入当地的声音。即使有了自动化，也需要对人力进行大量投资，以便为世界各地的城镇进行生态评估。

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引用次数: 0

Perceiving agricultural heritage: How landscape attributes shape visual preferences—A case study in Iran 感知农业遗产：景观属性如何塑造视觉偏好——以伊朗为例

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105612

Atefeh Ansari, Mehri Motaharirad

In the context of significant agricultural landscape changes, understanding public visual preferences is essential for landscape planning and conservation of these historical landscapes. This study evaluated the impact of landscape attributes on visual perceptions of historic agricultural landscapes in semi-arid regions, exemplified by the Isfahan Plain in Iran. Using linear mixed models, we investigated how ratings of pleasantness and the visual concepts from the framework developed by Tveit, Ode, and Fry (2006) —stewardship, coherence, disturbance, visual scale, imageability, complexity, and naturalness— were affected by landscape attributes and socio-demographic factors. Results indicate that physical attributes mainly shape visual evaluations, with moderate vegetation and traditional features such as earthen boundaries and dovecotes receiving the highest appreciation. Individual experience with agriculture and exposure to dovecotes also positively influenced perceptions, while demographic variables such as gender or residence in the Isfahan Plain showed limited impact. The findings highlight the importance of preserving traditional landscape elements and suggest that promoting public awareness and experiential engagement can support sustainable management and conservation of these heritage landscapes, informing policies for landscape planning and heritage preservation in similar arid and semi-arid regions.

在农业景观发生重大变化的背景下，了解公众的视觉偏好对景观规划和保护这些历史景观至关重要。本研究以伊朗伊斯法罕平原为例，评估了景观属性对半干旱区历史农业景观视觉感知的影响。使用线性混合模型，我们研究了由Tveit、Ode和Fry（2006）开发的框架中的愉悦度评级和视觉概念（管理、连贯性、干扰、视觉尺度、可想象性、复杂性和自然性）如何受到景观属性和社会人口因素的影响。结果表明：物理属性主要影响视觉评价，适度植被和土界、鸽巢等传统特征获得最高评价；农业方面的个人经验和接触鸽舍也对看法产生积极影响，而性别或伊斯法罕平原居住地等人口统计变量的影响有限。研究结果强调了保护传统景观元素的重要性，并建议提高公众意识和体验参与可以支持这些遗产景观的可持续管理和保护，为类似干旱和半干旱地区的景观规划和遗产保护政策提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding process differences in the impact of built–natural environments on compound heat–flood risks through urban physical characteristics 通过城市物理特征了解建筑-自然环境对复合热洪水风险影响的过程差异

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105599

Kaiping Wang , Chengbin Xi , Xin Liu , Lifu Zheng , Yunlu Zhang

Compound urban heat–flood risks are becoming a critical challenge for sustainable urban development. However, most existing studies focus only on surface-level analyses of how built and natural environments affect these risks, neglecting the intermediary transmission process. This study develops a multi-level analytical framework that incorporates urban physical characteristics as key mediators. Using Beijing’s high-density district as a case study, we first reveal an asymmetric causal relationship where heat risk exacerbates flood risk. The results of the cascading effect show that surface hardening shows a stronger direct effect on risk than ventilation cost, yet the built–natural environment generates a larger overall impact through ventilation cost. Specifically, natural environment pattern slightly reduces heat (−0.052) and flood risk (−0.047) by influencing ventilation. Natural environment configuration reduces heat (−0.332) and flood risk (−0.452), with 77.4% and 85.6% of the effects mediated by surface hardening. By contrast, the vertical built environment increases both heat and flood risk (0.218), with 75.7% and 63.3% of the effects mediated by ventilation cost. The horizontal built environment further amplifies risk by increasing both surface hardening (0.241) and ventilation cost (0.160). Finally, by leveraging the mediating effects of physical processes, we identify ventilation-dominated areas, hardening-dominated areas, and low-risk areas, and propose differentiated management strategies accordingly. This study confirms a multi-level transmission mechanism of “built–natural environment → urban physical characteristics → heat–flood risks” and underscores the importance of physical processes as mediators. The proposed framework demonstrates applicability and offers insights for urban risk research.

复合型城市热涝风险正成为城市可持续发展面临的严峻挑战。然而，大多数现有研究只关注于表面水平的分析，即人工环境和自然环境如何影响这些风险，而忽视了中间传播过程。本研究开发了一个多层次的分析框架，将城市物理特征作为关键的中介因素。以北京高密度区为例，我们首先揭示了高温风险加剧洪水风险的不对称因果关系。级联效应结果表明，地表硬化对风险的直接影响强于通风成本，而建筑自然环境通过通风成本对风险的整体影响更大。具体而言，自然环境模式通过影响通风，略微降低了热量（- 0.052）和洪水风险（- 0.047）。自然环境配置降低了热量（- 0.332）和洪水风险（- 0.452），其中表面硬化的作用分别为77.4%和85.6%。垂直建筑环境增加了高温和洪水风险（0.218），其中通风成本的影响分别为75.7%和63.3%。水平建筑环境通过增加表面硬化（0.241）和通风成本（0.160）进一步放大了风险。最后，通过利用物理过程的中介作用，我们确定了通风主导区、硬化主导区和低风险区，并提出了相应的差异化管理策略。研究证实了“建筑-自然环境→城市物理特征→热洪风险”的多层次传导机制，强调了物理过程作为中介的重要性。所提出的框架证明了其适用性，并为城市风险研究提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Linking window-view nature exposure with health and wellbeing outcomes: Using photorealistic 3D city models and computer vision technique 将窗口自然暴露与健康和福祉结果联系起来：使用逼真的3D城市模型和计算机视觉技术

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105601

Dongwei Liu , Di Wei , Hung Chak Ho , Maosu Li , Yi Lu

It is well established that nature exposure can improve both physical and mental health and wellbeing outcomes. However, in the context of rapid urbanization and high-density urban development, many urban residents face limited opportunities to visit natural environment, such as urban parks, greenways, and water bodies. In such situations, window view often serves as the primary means of people’s nature exposure. Traditional methods of assessing window-view nature exposure are time-consuming and labor-intensive, thus impractical for citywide evaluations. This study used a novel approach to quantify citywide assessment of window-view nature exposure, including the Window Greenery Index (WGI), Window Water Index (WWI), and Window Sky Index (WSI), using photorealistic 3D city models. We further analyzed the non-linear associations between window-view nature exposure with physical and mental health and wellbeing among 1,660 participants in Hong Kong for two periods: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. For comparison, street-level nature exposure was also assessed. The result illustrates spatial mismatch between window-view and street-view nature exposure. Furthermore, window-view nature exposure had a greater influence than street-view nature exposure on physical and mental health and wellbeing. Furthermore, the effect of window-view nature exposure becomes more pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic than before the pandemic. The results shed light on the link between window-view nature exposure and health and wellbeing outcomes, providing a new research front to understand the joint impacts of urban planning (i.e., provision of green space) and architectural design (i.e., location and orientation of windows) on public health.

众所周知，接触自然可以改善身心健康和福祉。然而，在快速城市化和高密度城市发展的背景下，许多城市居民参观自然环境的机会有限，如城市公园、绿道和水体。在这种情况下，窗景往往是人们接触自然的主要方式。传统的评估窗口自然暴露的方法既耗时又费力，因此不适用于全市范围的评估。本研究采用一种新颖的方法，利用逼真的三维城市模型，量化城市范围内窗景自然暴露的评估，包括窗口绿化指数（WGI）、窗口水指数（WWI）和窗口天空指数（WSI）。我们进一步分析了香港1660名参与者在COVID-19大流行之前和期间两个时期的窗景自然暴露与身心健康和福祉之间的非线性关联。为了进行比较，还评估了街道水平的自然暴露。结果说明了窗景和街景自然暴露之间的空间不匹配。此外，窗景自然暴露比街景自然暴露对身心健康和福祉的影响更大。此外，在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，窗外自然暴露的影响比大流行前更加明显。研究结果揭示了窗景自然暴露与健康和福祉结果之间的联系，为理解城市规划（即提供绿色空间）和建筑设计（即窗户的位置和方向）对公共健康的共同影响提供了新的研究前沿。

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引用次数: 0

Bird feeders and rat traps: Understanding the relationships among psychosocial factors, wildlife observations, and yard management decisions 喂鸟器和捕鼠器：了解社会心理因素、野生动物观察和庭院管理决策之间的关系

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105603

Nikolas Ballut , Andrés M. Urcuqui-Bustamante , Emily Minor

Residential yards and gardens provide a multitude of benefits for people, including green infrastructure, access to nature, and improved mental health. Yards can also benefit wildlife by providing habitat, food and other resources. Previous studies have shown that people manage their gardens in different ways to attract or deter wildlife and that visible wildlife diversity can increase people’s investment in nature and resource provisioning. These relationships between people and wildlife could form feedbacks with long-term consequences for biodiversity, but the way that various factors, including observations and perceived presence of wildlife in residential gardens, affect people’s management decisions remains largely unexplored. To understand how these relationships shape yard management decisions, we organized and synthesized existing international scientific literature on wildlife gardening, identified major gaps in current knowledge, and suggest directions for future research that could improve our understanding of the dynamic, potentially reciprocal relationships between residents, their gardening behaviors, and wildlife. We identified 53 relevant studies from North America, South America, Europe, Oceania, Africa, and Asia. Most studies employed a qualitative approach to examine how attitudes toward wildlife influenced gardening behavior, with other determinants of wildlife gardening relatively understudied in the context of this literature search. Only five studies directly asked residents about wildlife observations or perceived presence of wildlife on their properties and related those observations to attitude or actual yard management behavior. For future research, we suggest that researchers measure multiple determinants of yard management decisions and conduct experimental and longitudinal studies to improve our understanding of the feedback loops between people and wildlife in residential landscapes.

住宅庭院和花园为人们提供了许多好处，包括绿色基础设施、接近自然和改善心理健康。院子还可以为野生动物提供栖息地、食物和其他资源。以前的研究表明，人们以不同的方式管理他们的花园来吸引或阻止野生动物，可见的野生动物多样性可以增加人们对自然和资源供应的投资。人与野生动物之间的这些关系可能会形成对生物多样性产生长期影响的反馈，但各种因素，包括观察和感知到的住宅花园中野生动物的存在，影响人们管理决策的方式，在很大程度上仍未被探索。为了了解这些关系如何影响庭院管理决策，我们组织和综合了现有的国际野生动物园艺科学文献，确定了当前知识的主要空白，并为未来的研究方向提出了建议，以提高我们对居民、他们的园艺行为和野生动物之间动态的、潜在的互惠关系的理解。我们从北美、南美、欧洲、大洋洲、非洲和亚洲筛选了53项相关研究。大多数研究采用定性方法来研究对野生动物的态度如何影响园艺行为，而在本文献检索的背景下，对野生动物园艺的其他决定因素的研究相对不足。只有五项研究直接询问了居民对野生动物的观察或对其财产中野生动物的感知，并将这些观察与态度或实际的院子管理行为联系起来。对于未来的研究，我们建议研究人员测量庭院管理决策的多个决定因素，并进行实验和纵向研究，以提高我们对住宅景观中人与野生动物之间反馈循环的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Surveying the scene: A review of how landscapes are valued 调查现场：如何评价景观的回顾

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105605

Andrés Pazmiño , Edward A. Morgan , Aysin Dedekorkut-Howes , Michael Howes

Planning theory and practice has placed considerable attention on the conservation of ecologically and culturally significant landscapes (ECSLs). A broad range of valuation systems have been proposed and implemented. This study performed a systematic literature review of 112 articles addressing the valuation of ECSLs to identify the landscape features that are most valued and why. The findings indicate that planning theorists and practitioners tend to follow material valuation approaches that prioritise the conservation and management of tangible landscape values. This trend has been traditionally driven by research and practice based in Europe, North America, Australia and Japan, and more recently from China. It follows more structured valuation systems such as the ecosystems services approach proposed by many international frameworks. In contrast, local landscape users assign value to landscape features depending on context-based experiences and aspirations that are underpinned by non-material valuation systems. The consideration of such intangible values could determine the extent to which stakeholders engage in landscape conservation. There is a need to develop more comprehensive valuation systems that can accommodate both material and non-material landscape values.

规划理论和实践对生态和文化景观的保护给予了相当大的关注。已经提出并实施了一系列广泛的估价制度。本研究系统地回顾了112篇关于生态环境景观评价的文章，以确定最受重视的景观特征及其原因。研究结果表明，规划理论家和实践者倾向于遵循物质价值评估方法，优先保护和管理有形景观价值。传统上，这一趋势是由欧洲、北美、澳大利亚和日本的研究和实践推动的，最近来自中国。它遵循更为结构化的评估体系，例如许多国际框架提出的生态系统服务方法。相比之下，当地景观使用者根据基于情境的体验和愿望为景观特征赋予价值，这些体验和愿望是由非物质评估系统支撑的。对这些无形价值的考虑可以决定持份者参与景观保育的程度。有必要发展更全面的估价系统，以适应物质和非物质景观价值。

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引用次数: 0

Social media big data reveals how mobility reshapes human environmental exposure inequality 社交媒体大数据揭示了流动性如何重塑人类环境暴露不平等

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105600

Yan Zhang , Mei-Po Kwan , Haoran Ma , Libo Fang , Zeqiang Chen , Nengcheng Chen

For a long time, environmental exposure is considered closely related to people’s socioeconomic status (SES). Assessing this hypothesis seemed straightforward, as we could calculate the accessibility of green spaces around the residences of different socioeconomic groups, naturally concluding that high-SES residents enjoy higher green exposure. However, this assessment method relies on static residence-based evaluations without considering people’s daily mobility. In this study, we utilized over 100 million real activity locations and 1 million street view images to measure the mobility-based green exposure of approximately 20,000 users. We found that compared to the mobility-based green exposure, traditional residence-based assessments overestimate green exposure by 11.26% and green exposure inequality by as much as 54.44% (with the Gini coefficient decreasing from 0.5163 to 0.3343). The primary driver of changes in green exposure inequality is the reduction of within-group disparities. Further, after considering users’ mobility behavior, although high-income groups still experience higher levels and equality of green exposure compared to low-income groups, the relative gap in green exposure narrowed to 4.27%. This change is even more pronounced between cities, with the relative difference in green exposure between small and large cities shrinking from 32.70% to 16.83%. This study marks the first large-scale application of human mobility in environmental exposure research, significantly advancing our understanding of environmental exposure and inequality. The findings challenge long-standing conclusions in green exposure inequality studies, demonstrating that urban green exposure equity is higher than traditionally perceived. These results are also likely to be applicable to research on other similar environmental exposure issues.

长期以来，环境暴露被认为与人的社会经济地位密切相关。评估这一假设似乎很简单，因为我们可以计算不同社会经济群体住宅周围绿色空间的可达性，自然得出结论，高ses的居民享受更高的绿色暴露。然而，这种评估方法依赖于静态的基于居住地的评估，而没有考虑人们的日常流动性。在这项研究中，我们利用超过1亿个真实活动地点和100万张街景图像来测量大约2万名用户的基于移动的绿色暴露。我们发现，与基于流动性的绿色暴露相比，传统的基于住宅的绿色暴露评估高估了11.26%，绿色暴露不平等高估了54.44%（基尼系数从0.5163下降到0.3343）。绿色暴露不平等变化的主要驱动因素是群体内差异的减少。此外，在考虑用户的移动行为后，虽然高收入群体的绿色暴露水平和平等性仍高于低收入群体，但绿色暴露的相对差距缩小至4.27%。这种变化在城市之间更为明显，大城市和小城市之间的绿色暴露相对差异从32.70%缩小到16.83%。该研究标志着人类流动性在环境暴露研究中的首次大规模应用，显著推进了我们对环境暴露和不平等的理解。研究结果挑战了绿色暴露不平等研究中长期存在的结论，表明城市绿色暴露公平高于传统观念。这些结果也可能适用于其他类似环境暴露问题的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Walking through history: The legacy of HOLC maps and urban walkability 穿越历史：HOLC地图和城市步行性的遗产

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105604

Haoluan Wang, Guimin Zhu

Proximity-based urban models have gained growing global attention in the past decade, emphasizing walkability and the promotion of urban resilience through localized living. Understanding neighborhood walkability is essential for advancing urban health, sustainability, and equity. In this study, we integrate a historically significant place-based policy in the U.S—the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps—with the Environmental Protection Agency’s Walkability Index to conduct the first nationwide assessment of neighborhood walkability in relation to redlining. To provide a more granular understanding of the structural drivers behind walkability disparities, we further disaggregate the overall Walkability Index into its four key components, including intersection density, proximity to transit stops, employment mix, and employment-household mix. Our findings reveal that, compared to D-graded (hazardous) neighborhoods, A-graded (best) neighborhoods generally exhibit lower walkability, primarily due to a lack of mixed land uses for employment and occupied housing units. This pattern holds consistently across cities of varying sizes and regions in the nation. Our findings offer new insights into the intersection of historical redlining practices and contemporary urban land-use planning and further contribute to a deeper understanding of how place-based policies shape neighborhood walkability outcomes.

在过去的十年中，基于邻近性的城市模式得到了越来越多的全球关注，强调步行性和通过本地化生活促进城市弹性。了解社区可步行性对于促进城市健康、可持续性和公平性至关重要。在本研究中，我们将美国历史上具有重要意义的基于地点的政策——房主贷款公司（HOLC）地图——与环境保护署的可步行性指数相结合，对与划线有关的社区可步行性进行了首次全国性评估。为了更细致地了解可步行性差异背后的结构性驱动因素，我们进一步将整体可步行性指数分解为四个关键组成部分，包括十字路口密度、与公交站点的距离、就业组合和就业-家庭组合。我们的研究结果表明，与d级（危险）社区相比，a级（最佳）社区通常表现出较低的步行性，主要原因是缺乏用于就业和占用住房单元的混合土地利用。这种模式在全国不同规模和地区的城市中都是一致的。我们的研究结果为历史上的红线实践与当代城市土地利用规划的交集提供了新的见解，并进一步有助于更深入地理解基于地点的政策如何影响社区的步行性结果。

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引用次数: 0

Variation characteristics and segment differences of urban heat exposure risk in continuous time series: A comprehensive synchronous comparison of daily and hourly scales 城市热暴露风险连续时间序列的变化特征与分段差异：日、时尺度的综合同步比较

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105587

Junmao Zhang , Xia Yao , Meixia Lin , Tao Lin , Yuan Chen , Wenhui Li , Hongkai Geng , Yicheng Zheng , Zixu Jia , Hong Ye , Guoqin Zhang

High spatiotemporal dynamics of heat hazard and population exposure within cities and the time-sensitive risk mitigation measures in precise urban sustainable management pose urgent needs for a comprehensive understanding of heat exposure risk (HER) patterns, while rare research has been devoted to revealing the exact temporal variability of HER. Here, utilizing 744 hour-by-hour HER maps covering one complete month (31 days) in Xiamen City, China, we investigated in detail the variation characteristics and segment differences of urban HER in period series (hourly scale) and date series (daily scale) from the perspective of both the whole city and basic spatial unit (250 m), especially providing an innovative summary of evident temporal scale effects in terms of basic dynamic patterns, quantitative variability, consistency of time series segmentation, and segment difference of HER. Overall, HER in Xiamen showed much stronger temporal variability at the hourly scale (

{CV}_{mean}^{hourly} = 0.3719 > 0.0796 = {CV}_{mean}^{daily}

), which was more attributed to population exposure objectively. Based on the temporal segments from quantitative hierarchical clustering patterns and qualitative calendar and sunrise/sunset moments, a greater difference magnitude was found in period series despite that there were significant segment differences (p < 0.001) in HER between both daytime–nighttime and holiday–weekday–weekend or day off–working day. Accordingly, the high temporal variability of HER overlooked previously, particularly the diurnal and even inter-hour variability within a day, deserves more attention from researchers and city managers.

城市热危害和人口暴露的高时空动态特征，以及城市精准可持续管理中的时变风险缓解措施，迫切需要对热暴露风险（HER）模式进行全面的认识，但目前很少有研究揭示其确切的时间变异性。本文利用厦门744张覆盖1个月（31天）的逐时HER地图，从整个城市和基本空间单元（250 m）的角度，详细研究了城市HER在时间序列（时标）和日期序列（日标）上的变化特征和区段差异，特别是在基本动态格局、数量变异、时间序列分割的一致性，以及HER的分段差异。总体而言，厦门市HER在小时尺度上表现出更强的时间变异性（cvmeanhour =0.3719>0.0796=CVmeandaily），客观上更多地归因于人群暴露。基于定量层次聚类模式和定性日历和日出/日落时刻的时间片段，尽管白天-夜间和假日-工作日-周末或休息日之间的HER存在显著的片段差异（p < 0.001），但在周期序列中发现了更大的差异幅度。因此，以往被忽视的HER的高时间变异性，特别是一天内的日变异性甚至小时变异性，值得研究人员和城市管理者更多的关注。

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