Landscape and Urban Planning最新文献

A spatial agent-based modeling to allocate land use for brownfield sites on an urban scale 基于空间主体的城市棕地用地分配模型

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105595

Hamed Zibaei, Mohammad Saadi Mesgari, El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy, Nima Khodadadi

引用次数: 0

Nexus between urban green space and adult frequent mental distress: differentiated non-linear environmental pathways and racial heterogeneity 城市绿地与成人频繁精神痛苦的关系：不同的非线性环境路径和种族异质性

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105598

Peng Chen , Desheng Liu , Huicong Han

Amid escalating adult mental distress in urban areas, urban green space (UGS) is increasingly recognized as an environmental feature for mitigating distress burden and associated environmental stressors. Effective and equitable UGS planning requires a nuanced understanding of the associations between UGS types and frequent mental distress (FMD), as well as their heterogeneity across racial and ethnic neighborhoods. Using spatial regressions within a Piecewise Structural Equation Modeling (PSEM) framework, this study investigates both direct associations between two UGS types (e.g., trees and grass) and FMD, as well as indirect pathways through land surface temperature (LST), air pollution (PM_2.5), and anthropogenic noise. Findings reveal that UGS types have distinct, and often opposing, non-linear associations with FMD and its environmental mediators. Tree canopy exhibits a direct negative association with FMD, with diminishing marginal effects as canopy cover increases, and a U-shaped association with PM_2.5, while grass shows positive associations with FMD and PM_2.5 concentrations. Although both UGS types are negatively associated with LST and noise levels, trees show a significantly stronger association with temperatures. We also identify significant racial and ethnic heterogeneity in these associations. The overall negative marginal effect of tree canopy on FMD is significant in communities of color but statistically insignificant in predominantly White tracts. This disparity is driven by both direct association with FMD and indirect pathways through LST mitigation, which are significant only in communities of color. These findings challenge one-size-fits-all greening narratives and provide evidence for context-specific, equity-oriented UGS planning aiming at mitigating urban mental distress and advancing restorative environmental justice.

随着城市地区成人精神压力的不断加剧，城市绿地（urban green space， UGS）越来越被认为是减轻精神压力负担和相关环境压力源的环境特征。有效和公平的UGS规划需要对UGS类型与频繁精神痛苦（FMD）之间的关系以及它们在种族和民族社区中的异质性有细致的了解。本研究利用分段结构方程模型（PSEM）框架内的空间回归，研究了两种UGS类型（如树木和草地）与口蹄疫之间的直接联系，以及地表温度（LST）、空气污染（PM2.5）和人为噪声等间接途径。研究结果表明，UGS类型与口蹄疫及其环境介质具有明显的、通常相反的非线性关联。树冠与口蹄疫呈直接负相关，随着冠层盖度的增加，边际效应逐渐减弱，与PM2.5呈u型相关，而草与口蹄疫和PM2.5浓度呈正相关。尽管两种UGS类型都与地表温度和噪声水平呈负相关，但树木与温度的关联明显更强。我们还在这些关联中发现了显著的种族和民族异质性。冠层对口蹄疫的总体负边际效应在有色群落中显著，在以白色群落为主的群落中不显著。这种差异是由与口蹄疫的直接联系和通过LST缓解的间接途径驱动的，这只在有色人种社区中很重要。这些研究结果挑战了一刀切的绿化叙事，并为针对具体情况、以公平为导向的UGS规划提供了证据，旨在减轻城市精神痛苦和促进恢复性环境正义。

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引用次数: 0

Urban river bathing in selected European cities: evolution, typology, management issues, and sustainability challenges 欧洲城市河流洗浴：演变、类型学、管理问题和可持续性挑战

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105596

Yixin Cao , Oldrich Navratil , Anne Honegger , Nicolas Rivière

Historically, humans learned to swim in natural bodies of water, and river bathing was a popular leisure activity for centuries in Europe. However, the Industrial Revolution caused water pollution and conflicting river usage, ultimately leading to the prohibition of urban river bathing in major European cities during the 20th century, a ban that remains in effect in many places today. In recent years, a grassroots movement has been emerging in across Europe, advocating for the revival of river bathing, fuelled by the growing demand for natural interactions during hot summers and a renewed connection between cities and rivers. This article presents a pioneering synthesis of urban river bathing in the European context, developed under the auspices of the interdisciplinary Consortium on Urban Bathing. It draws on multidisciplinary literature review, policy analysis, fieldwork conducted in 11 European cities, and interviews with 26 stakeholders. The study identifies two types of urban river bathing designs: designated river pools and free river bathing zones, each with distinct regulations and management approaches. The analysis critically examines current management practices, addressing water microbial quality and health risks under EU Directive guidance, alongside river drowning prevention and safety protocols in case study cities. Finally, it discusses the sustainability potential of developing urban river bathing by proposing strategies for collaborative river governance and responding to the growing impacts of climate change, emphasizing the ignored ecological consideration. These findings serve as the foundation for an interdisciplinary framework to understand the evolution, management, and sustainability of this globally emerging subject.

从历史上看，人类学会了在自然水体中游泳，几个世纪以来，在欧洲，河里洗澡是一项流行的休闲活动。然而，工业革命造成了水污染和河流使用的冲突，最终导致20世纪欧洲主要城市禁止城市河浴，这一禁令至今仍在许多地方有效。近年来，在炎热的夏季，人们对自然互动的需求日益增长，城市与河流之间重新建立了联系，这推动了一场倡导河里洗浴的草根运动在欧洲各地兴起。这篇文章提出了一个开创性的综合城市河流沐浴在欧洲的背景下，在城市沐浴跨学科联盟的主持下发展。它借鉴了多学科文献综述、政策分析、在11个欧洲城市进行的实地调查以及对26个利益相关者的采访。该研究确定了两种类型的城市河洗浴设计：指定河池和免费河洗浴区，每一种都有不同的规定和管理方法。该分析严格审查了当前的管理实践，在欧盟指令指导下解决水微生物质量和健康风险，以及案例研究城市的河流溺水预防和安全协议。最后，通过提出协同河流治理策略和应对日益增长的气候变化影响，讨论了发展城市河流洗浴的可持续性潜力，强调了被忽视的生态考虑。这些发现为理解这一全球新兴学科的演变、管理和可持续性的跨学科框架奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Temporal and spatial drivers of Lyme disease hazard differ between urban and rural environments 莱姆病危害的时空驱动因素在城市和农村环境中存在差异

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105597

Sara L. Gandy , Jessica Hall , Grace Plahe , David Johnson , Richard Birtles , Lucy Gilbert

Our ability to predict how urban planning may influence public health and wellbeing is limited, because our understanding of the ecological drivers of key human diseases transmitted by wildlife vectors is poor in urban compared to rural environments. Here we examined how temporal and spatial ecological factors shape the environmental hazards of ticks and Lyme disease in urban greenspaces compared to rural environments. Deer space-use, Ixodes ricinus tick density and Lyme disease hazard were estimated at 60 urban greenspaces and 48 rural woodlands across 12 cities in the United Kingdom. Spatial and temporal metrics of urbanisation (built-up cover surrounding sites, extent of recent urbanisation, age of adjacent built-up area), woodland (tree cover) and connectivity, that were hypothesised to influence tick densities and Lyme disease hazard, were generated and their effects were tested using structural equation modelling. Nymphal ticks were detected in 73% of urban and 98% of rural sites, with nymph density and Lyme disease hazard were 3.6 and 5 times lower respectively in urban than rural woodlands. In cities, nymph density and Lyme disease hazard were positively correlated with tree cover within sites, connectivity to larger woodlands and negatively correlated with built-up cover surrounding sites and age of adjacent built-up cover. Conversely, in rural woodlands, woodland age was the strongest predictor of nymph density and Lyme disease hazard. These differences highlight the additional urbanisation-related pressures shaping urban tick and Lyme disease ecology, and the importance of the history of a site and its surroundings, which has strong implication for urban planning.

我们预测城市规划如何影响公众健康和福祉的能力有限，因为与农村环境相比，我们对城市中由野生动物媒介传播的主要人类疾病的生态驱动因素的理解较差。本文研究了与农村环境相比，时空生态因素如何影响城市绿地中蜱虫和莱姆病的环境危害。在英国12个城市的60个城市绿地和48个农村林地中估计了鹿的空间利用、蓖麻蜱密度和莱姆病危害。生成了城市化的空间和时间指标（地点周围的建筑覆盖、最近的城市化程度、邻近建筑面积的年龄）、林地（树木覆盖）和连通性，这些指标被假设会影响蜱虫密度和莱姆病危害，并使用结构方程模型对其影响进行了测试。城市林地和农村林地的蜱虫密度分别为73%和98%，城市林地的蜱虫密度和莱姆病危害分别为农村林地的3.6和5倍。在城市中，若虫密度和莱姆病危害与站点内的树木盖度、与大林地的连通性呈正相关，与站点周围的建筑盖度和邻近建筑盖度的年龄呈负相关。相反，在农村林地，林地年龄是若虫密度和莱姆病危害的最强预测因子。这些差异突出了影响城市蜱虫和莱姆病生态的额外城市化相关压力，以及遗址及其周围历史的重要性，这对城市规划具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Variation characteristics and segment differences of urban heat exposure risk in continuous time series: A comprehensive synchronous comparison of daily and hourly scales 城市热暴露风险连续时间序列的变化特征与分段差异：日、时尺度的综合同步比较

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105587

Junmao Zhang , Xia Yao , Meixia Lin , Tao Lin , Yuan Chen , Wenhui Li , Hongkai Geng , Yicheng Zheng , Zixu Jia , Hong Ye , Guoqin Zhang

High spatiotemporal dynamics of heat hazard and population exposure within cities and the time-sensitive risk mitigation measures in precise urban sustainable management pose urgent needs for a comprehensive understanding of heat exposure risk (HER) patterns, while rare research has been devoted to revealing the exact temporal variability of HER. Here, utilizing 744 hour-by-hour HER maps covering one complete month (31 days) in Xiamen City, China, we investigated in detail the variation characteristics and segment differences of urban HER in period series (hourly scale) and date series (daily scale) from the perspective of both the whole city and basic spatial unit (250 m), especially providing an innovative summary of evident temporal scale effects in terms of basic dynamic patterns, quantitative variability, consistency of time series segmentation, and segment difference of HER. Overall, HER in Xiamen showed much stronger temporal variability at the hourly scale (

{CV}_{mean}^{hourly} = 0.3719 > 0.0796 = {CV}_{mean}^{daily}

), which was more attributed to population exposure objectively. Based on the temporal segments from quantitative hierarchical clustering patterns and qualitative calendar and sunrise/sunset moments, a greater difference magnitude was found in period series despite that there were significant segment differences (p < 0.001) in HER between both daytime–nighttime and holiday–weekday–weekend or day off–working day. Accordingly, the high temporal variability of HER overlooked previously, particularly the diurnal and even inter-hour variability within a day, deserves more attention from researchers and city managers.

城市热危害和人口暴露的高时空动态特征，以及城市精准可持续管理中的时变风险缓解措施，迫切需要对热暴露风险（HER）模式进行全面的认识，但目前很少有研究揭示其确切的时间变异性。本文利用厦门744张覆盖1个月（31天）的逐时HER地图，从整个城市和基本空间单元（250 m）的角度，详细研究了城市HER在时间序列（时标）和日期序列（日标）上的变化特征和区段差异，特别是在基本动态格局、数量变异、时间序列分割的一致性，以及HER的分段差异。总体而言，厦门市HER在小时尺度上表现出更强的时间变异性（cvmeanhour =0.3719>0.0796=CVmeandaily），客观上更多地归因于人群暴露。基于定量层次聚类模式和定性日历和日出/日落时刻的时间片段，尽管白天-夜间和假日-工作日-周末或休息日之间的HER存在显著的片段差异（p < 0.001），但在周期序列中发现了更大的差异幅度。因此，以往被忽视的HER的高时间变异性，特别是一天内的日变异性甚至小时变异性，值得研究人员和城市管理者更多的关注。

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引用次数: 0

Diverging vegetation phenology responses between urban cores and suburbs in 233 Chinese cities 233个城市中心与郊区植被物候响应差异

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105578

Yuqin Liu , Yuan Chen , Tao Lin , Hongkai Geng , Guoqin Zhang , Yiyi Huang , Xin Cao , Meixia Lin , Junmao Zhang , Saiping Xu , Jiahua Zhang , Gerrit de Leeuw

With the rapid development of urbanization, the relation between vegetation phenology and urbanization has gained global attention. While previous research has primarily focused on comparing phenological patterns between rural and urban areas, the understanding of how vegetation phenology responds to gradients of urbanization intensity (UI) in different urban environments remains limited. This study comprehensively analyzed the variations in vegetation phenology responses to UI gradients across 233 cities in China. The results showed that the response of vegetation phenology to UI was different between urban cores and suburban areas, owing to the distinct urban environmental characteristics of the two types of regions. A nonlinear association of vegetation phenology to ISA (impervious surface area, as an indicator for UI) was observed over both urban cores and suburban areas. The differences in both SOS (start of the growing season) and EOS (end of the growing season) between urban cores and suburban areas noticeably increased with increasing ISA, indicating that the SOS and EOS delayed more with intensive urbanization in urban cores than in suburban areas. When the ISA ranged from 90 to100%, the average SOS in the urban cores of all 233 cities in China was 2.31 days later than that in the suburban areas. Among the 172 cities studied, 105 experienced a delayed SOS in urban cores with respect to that in suburban areas, with delays ranging from 0.17 to 43.92 days. Moreover, the data showed a significant spatial heterogeneity in the differential response of vegetation phenology to varying UI gradients when comparing urban cores with suburban areas. Phenological differences were observed between cities in different geographic zones and ecoregions across China. For Northwest China, greater urbanization leads to larger SOS delay and more notable GSL (growing season length) reduction in urban cores relative to suburbs, reflecting a spatial pattern of vegetation phenology along the urbanization gradient in the region. These quantitative findings suggest that it is important to take account of the effects of urban environments in studying the phenological responses to future climate change.

随着城市化的快速发展，植被物候与城市化的关系受到了全球的关注。虽然以往的研究主要集中在比较农村和城市地区的物候模式，但对不同城市环境下植被物候如何响应城市化强度梯度（UI）的理解仍然有限。本研究综合分析了中国233个城市植被物候对UI梯度的响应。结果表明，由于城市核心区和郊区的城市环境特征不同，植被物候对UI的响应存在差异。在城市核心和郊区都观察到植被物候与ISA（不透水面面积，作为UI的一个指标）的非线性关联。随着ISA的增加，城市核心区和城郊的生长季开始SOS和生长季结束EOS的差异显著增大，表明城市核心区的SOS和EOS在城市化进程中比城郊更为滞后。当ISA在90 ~ 100%范围内时，中国233个城市的核心城区平均SOS比郊区晚2.31天。在研究的172个城市中，105个城市中心城区的SOS相对于郊区出现了延迟，延迟时间为0.17 ~ 43.92天。此外，城市核心区与郊区植被物候对不同UI梯度的差异响应存在显著的空间异质性。在中国不同地理区域和生态区域的城市间，物候特征存在差异。在西北地区，城市化程度越高，城市核心的SOS延迟时间越长，生长季长度（GSL）减少越显著，反映了该地区植被物候的空间格局。这些定量结果表明，在研究未来气候变化的物候响应时，考虑城市环境的影响是很重要的。

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引用次数: 0

The negative impact of urban sprawl on biodiversity: A simulation approach to genetic diversity in European cities 城市扩张对生物多样性的负面影响：欧洲城市遗传多样性的模拟方法

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105586

Paul Savary, Cécile Tannier, Jean-Christophe Foltête

Current urbanization trends pose multiple challenges to biodiversity conservation and the provision of ecosystem services to city dwellers. Beside attempts to halt urbanization, urban planners can control urban forms, i.e., the spatial configuration of artificial areas within and around cities. Yet, a lack of consensus on their influence on biodiversity hinders appropriate decision-making. It is commonly predicted that compact cities should exhibit low biodiversity levels at their center while preserving the biodiversity of peri-urban areas, whereas the opposite pattern should be observed in sprawled cities. To test whether these trade-offs can actually emerge from existing urban forms, we simulated the genetic diversity of urban and peri-urban animal populations in 325 European cities. We delineated them by standardizing the proportion of artificial areas to 20 %, and distinguishing urban green spaces from forest habitats. We then modeled the indirect interplay of urban forms (irrespective of the degree of urbanization), the connectivity of these two habitats, and their respective genetic diversity. Our statistical path modeling results revealed an overall negative effect of urban sprawl on habitat connectivity, and consequently on genetic diversity in both habitat types. Interestingly, forest habitat connectivity was a better predictor of genetic diversity in the urban populations of the simulated species than was urban green space connectivity. This reflected the importance of preserving peri-urban habitats from urban sprawl, as they may act as biodiversity sources for city centers. Accordingly, efforts to foster biodiversity within cities should not overshadow the large-scale impacts of urban sprawl on peri-urban biodiversity.

当前的城市化趋势对生物多样性保护和向城市居民提供生态系统服务提出了多重挑战。除了试图阻止城市化，城市规划者还可以控制城市形态，即城市内部和周围人工区域的空间配置。然而，对它们对生物多样性的影响缺乏共识阻碍了适当的决策。一般认为，紧凑型城市在保持城市周边生物多样性的同时，其中心生物多样性水平较低，而扩张型城市则相反。为了测试这些权衡是否真的可以从现有的城市形式中出现，我们模拟了325个欧洲城市的城市和城郊动物种群的遗传多样性。我们将人工区域的比例标准化为20%，并将城市绿地与森林栖息地区分开来。然后，我们模拟了城市形态（不考虑城市化程度）、这两种栖息地的连通性及其各自的遗传多样性之间的间接相互作用。我们的统计路径建模结果显示，城市扩张对栖息地连通性的总体负面影响，从而对两种栖息地类型的遗传多样性产生负面影响。有趣的是，森林栖息地连通性比城市绿地连通性更能预测模拟物种在城市种群中的遗传多样性。这反映了保护城市周边栖息地免受城市扩张的重要性，因为它们可以作为城市中心的生物多样性来源。因此，促进城市内生物多样性的努力不应掩盖城市扩张对城市周边生物多样性的大规模影响。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of rapid urbanisation on human–snake conflicts in a tropical mega-city: Challenges to biodiversity conservation and healthcare systems 热带特大城市快速城市化对人蛇冲突的影响：对生物多样性保护和医疗保健系统的挑战

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105582

Napat Ratnarathorn , Budda Chotimanvijit , Nipit Sanunsilp , Panithi Laoungbua , Vachirapong Charoennitiwat , Chalita Kongrit , Phakhawat Thaweepworadej

Rapid urbanisation and landscape transformation in tropical cities drives significant losses of natural habitats and generates overlapping zones between human settlements and wildlife habitats, potentially intensifying human–wildlife conflicts. Among these conflicts, interactions with snakes are particularly common and among the deadliest forms of human–wildlife conflicts in the tropics. However, they remain poorly understood in many rapidly developing cities in this region. In this study we used participatory science data on human–snake encounters in the Bangkok region—a rapidly urbanising tropical mega-city in Thailand—to explore how human–snake conflicts vary with urbanisation and to assess the linkage between healthcare systems and snake encounter hotspots. The Bangkok region accounted for one-third of the country’s total snake encounters species during our February 2021–January 2022 study period. Our analysis revealed complex dynamics in human–snake conflicts, identifying urbanisation intensity and grassland cover as major drivers of snake encounter rates and species richness. Recent urban expansion and subsequent grassland conversion tend to escalate human–snake conflicts, suggesting that a compact city approach could serve as a mitigation solution whilst promoting sustainable urban development. Notably, urban tree-cover had no significant impact on snake encounters, suggesting that policies aimed at increasing tree-cover may not affect human–snake conflicts in tropical cities. Areas with high snake encounter risks were not positively associated with availability, accessibility, and capacity of hospitals, highlighting critical gaps in healthcare systems concerning human–snake interfaces. Our study provides a valuable insight to inform integrated urban planning and public health management that emphasise the need to balance development with habitat preservation, prioritises healthcare accessibility in high-risk areas, and promote public education through online participatory science platforms to mitigate human–snake conflicts and enhance ecosystem resilience in rapidly urbanising tropical cities.

热带城市的快速城市化和景观转变导致自然栖息地的严重丧失，并在人类住区和野生动物栖息地之间产生重叠地带，可能加剧人类与野生动物的冲突。在这些冲突中，与蛇的互动尤其常见，也是热带地区人类与野生动物冲突中最致命的形式之一。然而，在该地区许多快速发展的城市，人们对它们的了解仍然很少。在这项研究中，我们使用了泰国快速城市化的热带特大城市曼谷地区人蛇冲突的参与式科学数据，探索人蛇冲突如何随着城市化而变化，并评估医疗系统与蛇遭遇热点之间的联系。在我们2021年2月至2022年1月的研究期间，曼谷地区占全国蛇遭遇物种总数的三分之一。我们的分析揭示了人蛇冲突的复杂动态，确定城市化强度和草地覆盖是蛇遭遇率和物种丰富度的主要驱动因素。最近的城市扩张和随后的草地转换倾向于升级人蛇冲突，这表明紧凑型城市方法可以作为缓解解决方案，同时促进可持续城市发展。值得注意的是，城市树木覆盖率对蛇的遭遇没有显著影响，这表明旨在增加树木覆盖率的政策可能不会影响热带城市的人蛇冲突。遇蛇风险高的地区与医院的可得性、可及性和能力没有正相关，这突出了医疗系统在人蛇界面方面的严重差距。我们的研究为综合城市规划和公共卫生管理提供了有价值的见解，强调平衡发展与栖息地保护的必要性，优先考虑高风险地区的医疗保健可及性，并通过在线参与式科学平台促进公众教育，以减轻快速城市化的热带城市的人蛇冲突，增强生态系统的恢复力。

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引用次数: 0

The ecology of marginality—linking the informal settlement of mangrove forests and the rise of ecological novelty 边缘生态——将红树林的非正式住区与生态新颖性的兴起联系起来

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105585

José M. Riascos , Levy D. Obonaga , Kevin Morales , Fernando Parra-Velandia , Manuel J. Moreno

The human habitation of mangrove forests in coastal cities of Latin America has historically be seen a signature of the marginalization of low-income ethnic minorities, but the ecological consequences of this dwelling practice is far from being understood. This study examines the impact of chronic stress from expanding low-income urban settlements on plant and intertidal macrofaunal communities in Colombian Caribbean mangroves commonly dominated by Rhizophora mangle, comparing urban, rural, and wild mangrove stands. In urbanized mangrove forests, R. mangle was replaced by Laguncularia racemosa, a hallmark of urbanization in Caribbean mangroves. Intriguingly, urban forests experienced a significant increase in species richness compared to wild counterparts. This suggests reconsidering this variable as indicator of ecosystem degradation. Urbanized mangroves host novel assemblages of mangrove species, alien species, utilized plants, generalist weeds or pests, and freshwater species. These assemblages reflect typical urbanization processes in low-income coastal areas from the Global South, with wastewater runoff shaping biotic structure and providing food subsidies for opportunistic species. The use of rubble and timber for landfilling in urban mangroves alters tidal regimes and flood patterns, adding stress to remaining forest patches and promoting the proliferation of utilized plants and alien freshwater species representing a threat for human health. This study highlights the complex interplay between ecological and social processes in creating ecological novelty.

拉丁美洲沿海城市红树林的人类居住历史上被视为低收入少数民族边缘化的标志，但这种居住实践的生态后果远未被理解。本研究比较了城市、农村和野生红树林林分，探讨了不断扩大的低收入城市住区对哥伦比亚加勒比红树林植物和潮间带大型动物群落的慢性压力的影响。在城市化的红树林中，红杉被总状拉筋（Laguncularia racemosa）所取代，这是加勒比红树林城市化的标志。有趣的是，与野生森林相比，城市森林的物种丰富度显著增加。这建议重新考虑这个变量作为生态系统退化的指标。城市化的红树林容纳了红树林物种、外来物种、利用植物、杂草或害虫以及淡水物种的新组合。这些组合反映了全球南方低收入沿海地区典型的城市化进程，废水径流塑造了生物结构，并为机会主义物种提供了食物补贴。在城市红树林中使用碎石和木材进行填埋改变了潮汐状况和洪水模式，给剩余的森林斑块增加了压力，并促进了对人类健康构成威胁的利用植物和外来淡水物种的扩散。这项研究强调了生态新颖性产生过程中生态和社会过程之间复杂的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Size doesn’t always matter: Greenspace connectivity can offset insufficient habitat patch size to improve urban tits breeding success 大小并不总是很重要：绿地的连通性可以抵消栖息地面积不足，从而提高城市山雀的繁殖成功率

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105584

François-Marie Martin , Jean-Christophe Foltête , Gilles Vuidel , Stéphane Garnier , Aurélie Khimoun , Nicolas Navarro , Célia Sineau , Bruno Faivre

Urban landscapes are often highly fragmented, constraining animals to live in and exploit a multitude of habitat patches (e.g., greenspaces) of varying size and isolation. Small greenspaces may not contain enough resources for species to maintain viable populations. Yet, appropriate spatial configuration of the habitat network (i.e., high greenspace connectivity) could theoretically alleviate or even compensate the local food resource limitations by allowing access to additional foraging grounds. Surprisingly, this effect has never been tested to explain the reproductive performances of urban fauna. We hypothesised that higher greenspace connectivity would improve the breeding outputs of two insectivorous bird species (tits), especially with decreasing nesting greenspace area (i.e., the habitat patch where the nest is located).

For four years, we monitored the survival and mass of nestlings of Parus major and Cyanistes caeruleus using 240 nestboxes located along a multivariate urban gradient in Dijon (France), and analysed their variations with GLMMs while controlling for various confounding factors (e.g., urbanness, noise and light pollution, microclimate, vegetation management). Functional connectivity was measured through graph-based modelling.

Greenspace connectivity was important to explain both nestling survival and mass while the nesting greenspace area was not a good predictor of breeding success. Furthermore, the positive effect of connectivity on nestling survival significantly increased with decreasing area of their nesting patches.

Urban tits can maintain successful reproduction dynamics in small greenspaces provided those are well connected to the network of preferred foraging habitats. Promoting the connectivity of interstitial urban greenspaces could thus partly compensate for their frequently insufficient sizes in cities.

城市景观往往是高度碎片化的，这限制了动物生活和利用大量大小不一和孤立的栖息地斑块（如绿地）。小的绿地可能没有足够的资源来维持物种的生存。然而，栖息地网络的适当空间配置（即高绿地连通性）理论上可以通过允许进入额外的觅食地来缓解甚至补偿当地食物资源的限制。令人惊讶的是，这种效应从未被用来解释城市动物的繁殖表现。我们假设，更高的绿地连通性将提高两种食虫鸟类（山雀）的繁殖产量，特别是随着筑巢绿地面积（即巢所在的栖息地斑块）的减少。在4年的时间里，我们在法国第戎（Dijon）的一个多变量城市梯度上设置了240个巢箱，监测了Parus major和Cyanistes caeruleus的存活率和雏鸟数量，并在控制各种混杂因素（如城市、噪音和光污染、小气候、植被管理）的情况下，分析了它们与glmm的变化。通过基于图的建模来测量功能连通性。绿地连通性对于解释雏鸟存活率和数量都很重要，而筑巢绿地面积并不是繁殖成功的良好预测指标。此外，连通性对雏鸟成活率的积极作用随着筑巢斑块面积的减少而显著增强。城市山雀可以在小型绿地中保持成功的繁殖动态，前提是这些绿地与首选觅食栖息地网络有良好的联系。因此，促进城市间隙绿地的连通性可以在一定程度上弥补它们在城市中经常不足的规模。

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