南非的人体解剖捐赠:知情同意的不一致。

IF 2 3区 医学 Q2 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI:10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152292
Keegan O. Meiring , Victoria E. Gibbon , Amanda Alblas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:知情同意对于维持高等教育机构使用人体捐献者遗体的相关道德标准至关重要。遗体捐献计划承担着为教学和研究目的采购人体捐献者遗体的责任。然而,其过程需要根据最佳实践指南和《南非国家卫生法》(SA-NHA)(2013 年)进行严格审查。此外,承认并解决当前对人体捐献的看法对于弥合学术界与社会之间的差距也是不可或缺的。本研究旨在根据国际准则,比较南非高等教育机构及其附属人体捐献项目(HBDP)的知情同意文件和程序。研究结果被用于创建符合当前国际最佳实践的人体捐献表格模板,供南非人体捐献项目考虑:方法:对从南非 8 个 HBDP 收集到的信息和同意书进行了审查。分析包括对所提供信息的广泛评估,从遗体的使用条款到 HBDP 对捐献者的承诺。分析结果与国际解剖学家协会联合会和其他近期出版的有关人体器官捐献者知情同意书的出版物一并考虑:结果:在 8 家人与生物数据中心中,只有 2 家以一种以上的语言提供信息和同意书。大多数都允许捐献者选择其遗体的使用方式--教育、培训和/或研究。一些机构(6/8)规定由近亲接收骨灰。只有一家高等教育机构在其文件中提到了追悼会。根据当前的国际最佳实践,创建了一个人体捐献表格模板,供南澳遗体捐献项目介绍和可能的改编:人体捐献表格(HBDF)需要彻底检查,以促进 HBDP 的发展和可持续性。通过使用标准化的非技术性术语,以潜在捐献者能够理解和使用的语言进行有效沟通,有助于获得知情同意。有关遗体使用和管理的不一致催化了人体捐献观念的弱化。因此,在征得遗体捐献知情同意的过程中,应结合公众宣传活动,并辅之以必要的政策和立法改革。
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Anatomical human body donation in South Africa: Inconsistencies of informed consent

Introduction

Informed consent is critical for maintaining the ethical standards associated with the utilization of human donor bodies by tertiary education institutions. Body donation programs undertake the responsibility for procuring human donor bodies for didactic and research purposes. However, its processes require scrutiny regarding best practice guidelines and the South African National Health Act (SA-NHA) (2013). Moreover, acknowledging and addressing the current perceptions of human body donation are indispensable in bridging the gap between academia and society. This study aimed to compare informed consent documentation and procedures across South African tertiary education institutions and their affiliated human body donation programs (HBDP) in accordance with international guidelines. The findings were used to create a human body donation form template aligned to current international best practices for consideration by the South African HBDP.

Methodology

A review of information and consent forms collected from South Africa’s eight HBDP was conducted. The analyses consisted of a broad evaluation of information provided, ranging from the terms-of-use for human donor bodies to the commitments made by HBDP to body-donors. The results were considered in conjunction with the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists and other recent publications on informed consent in HBDP.

Results

Only two of the eight HBDP provided information and consent forms in more than one language. Most allowed donors to select how their bodies will be utilized – education, training and/or research. Some (6/8) made provisions for the next-of-kin to receive the cremains. Only one tertiary educational institution mentioned the occurrence of a memorial service in its documentation. An HBDF template was created aligned to current international best practices for presentation and possible adaption by SA HBDP.

Discussion & conclusions

Human body donation forms (HBDF) requires thorough examination for the promotion and sustainability of HBDP. Effective communication by employing standardized non-technical terminology conveyed in language that is understandable and native to potential donors facilitates the deliverance of informed consent. Inconsistencies regarding the use and management of bodies catalyze the weakening perception of human body donation. Thus, this process of securing informed consent for body donation should be conducted in conjunction with public awareness campaigns and underpinned by the necessary policy and legislative reform.

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来源期刊
Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger
Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger 医学-解剖学与形态学
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
22.70%
发文量
137
审稿时长
33 days
期刊介绍: Annals of Anatomy publish peer reviewed original articles as well as brief review articles. The journal is open to original papers covering a link between anatomy and areas such as •molecular biology, •cell biology •reproductive biology •immunobiology •developmental biology, neurobiology •embryology as well as •neuroanatomy •neuroimmunology •clinical anatomy •comparative anatomy •modern imaging techniques •evolution, and especially also •aging
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