Advanced materials for magnetic solid-phase extraction of mycotoxins: A review

Mycotoxins can occur at various stages of the food production process. Due to the toxicity of many of these compounds for human health, the development of analytical methodologies that allow their detection and remediation in food is of great interest. However, food analysis is challenging due to the complexity of the matrices, so sample treatment is a crucial step. Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) has become one of the most popular green approaches for the isolation of mycotoxins from complex matrices. Furthermore, advanced magnetic materials as molecularly imprinted polymers, metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks have emerged as promising candidates for MSPE, as they offer a simple and efficient application for mycotoxin extraction due to the possibility to modify and functionalize their surface according to specific requirements. This review provides an overview of the synthesis and recent applications of these sorbents for the MSPE isolation of mycotoxins from complex matrices.