André Luiz Musmanno Branco Oliveira, Gabriel Dias Rodrigues, Philippe de Azeredo Rohan, Thiago Rodrigues Gonçalves, Pedro Paulo da Silva Soares
{"title":"吸气肌力量与自行车运动成绩之间的关系：低氧和吸气肌热身的启示","authors":"André Luiz Musmanno Branco Oliveira, Gabriel Dias Rodrigues, Philippe de Azeredo Rohan, Thiago Rodrigues Gonçalves, Pedro Paulo da Silva Soares","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9020097","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypoxia increases inspiratory muscle work and consequently contributes to a reduction in exercise performance. We evaluate the effects of inspiratory muscle warm-up (IMW) on a 10 km cycling time trial in normoxia (NOR) and hypoxia (HYP). Eight cyclists performed four time trial sessions, two in HYP (FiO<sub>2</sub>: 0.145) and two in NOR (FiO<sub>2</sub>: 0.209), of which one was with IMW (set at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure-MIP) and the other was with the placebo effect (PLA: set at 15% MIP). Time trials were unchanged by IMW (NOR<sub>IMW</sub>: 893.8 ± 31.5 vs. NOR<sub>PLA</sub>: 925.5 ± 51.0 s; HYP<sub>IMW</sub>: 976.8 ± 34.2 vs. HYP<sub>PLA</sub>: 1008.3 ± 56.0 s; <i>p</i> > 0.05), while ventilation was higher in HYP<sub>IMW</sub> (107.7 ± 18.3) than HYP<sub>PLA</sub> (100.1 ± 18.9 L.min<sup>-1</sup>; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), and SpO<sub>2</sub> was lower (HYP<sub>IMW</sub>: 73 ± 6 vs. HYP<sub>PLA</sub>: 76 ± 6%; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). A post-exercise-induced reduction in inspiratory strength was correlated with exercise elapsed time during IMW sessions (HYP<sub>IMW</sub>: r = -0.79; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05; NOR<sub>IMW</sub>: r = -0.70; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). IMW did not improve the 10 km time trial performance under normoxia and hypoxia.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11205061/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Relationship between Inspiratory Muscle Strength and Cycling Performance: Insights from Hypoxia and Inspiratory Muscle Warm-Up.\",\"authors\":\"André Luiz Musmanno Branco Oliveira, Gabriel Dias Rodrigues, Philippe de Azeredo Rohan, Thiago Rodrigues Gonçalves, Pedro Paulo da Silva Soares\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/jfmk9020097\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Hypoxia increases inspiratory muscle work and consequently contributes to a reduction in exercise performance. We evaluate the effects of inspiratory muscle warm-up (IMW) on a 10 km cycling time trial in normoxia (NOR) and hypoxia (HYP). Eight cyclists performed four time trial sessions, two in HYP (FiO<sub>2</sub>: 0.145) and two in NOR (FiO<sub>2</sub>: 0.209), of which one was with IMW (set at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure-MIP) and the other was with the placebo effect (PLA: set at 15% MIP). Time trials were unchanged by IMW (NOR<sub>IMW</sub>: 893.8 ± 31.5 vs. NOR<sub>PLA</sub>: 925.5 ± 51.0 s; HYP<sub>IMW</sub>: 976.8 ± 34.2 vs. HYP<sub>PLA</sub>: 1008.3 ± 56.0 s; <i>p</i> > 0.05), while ventilation was higher in HYP<sub>IMW</sub> (107.7 ± 18.3) than HYP<sub>PLA</sub> (100.1 ± 18.9 L.min<sup>-1</sup>; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), and SpO<sub>2</sub> was lower (HYP<sub>IMW</sub>: 73 ± 6 vs. HYP<sub>PLA</sub>: 76 ± 6%; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). A post-exercise-induced reduction in inspiratory strength was correlated with exercise elapsed time during IMW sessions (HYP<sub>IMW</sub>: r = -0.79; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05; NOR<sub>IMW</sub>: r = -0.70; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). IMW did not improve the 10 km time trial performance under normoxia and hypoxia.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16052,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology\",\"volume\":\"9 2\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11205061/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9020097\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"SPORT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9020097","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SPORT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Relationship between Inspiratory Muscle Strength and Cycling Performance: Insights from Hypoxia and Inspiratory Muscle Warm-Up.
Hypoxia increases inspiratory muscle work and consequently contributes to a reduction in exercise performance. We evaluate the effects of inspiratory muscle warm-up (IMW) on a 10 km cycling time trial in normoxia (NOR) and hypoxia (HYP). Eight cyclists performed four time trial sessions, two in HYP (FiO2: 0.145) and two in NOR (FiO2: 0.209), of which one was with IMW (set at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure-MIP) and the other was with the placebo effect (PLA: set at 15% MIP). Time trials were unchanged by IMW (NORIMW: 893.8 ± 31.5 vs. NORPLA: 925.5 ± 51.0 s; HYPIMW: 976.8 ± 34.2 vs. HYPPLA: 1008.3 ± 56.0 s; p > 0.05), while ventilation was higher in HYPIMW (107.7 ± 18.3) than HYPPLA (100.1 ± 18.9 L.min-1; p ≤ 0.05), and SpO2 was lower (HYPIMW: 73 ± 6 vs. HYPPLA: 76 ± 6%; p ≤ 0.05). A post-exercise-induced reduction in inspiratory strength was correlated with exercise elapsed time during IMW sessions (HYPIMW: r = -0.79; p ≤ 0.05; NORIMW: r = -0.70; p ≤ 0.05). IMW did not improve the 10 km time trial performance under normoxia and hypoxia.
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