Xiaohan Zhao, Fangmin Zhang, Shengheng Weng, Chunfeng Duan, Yanyu Lu
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引用次数: 0
摘要
水稻-小麦轮作耕地是中国南方最重要的农业生态系统之一,随着气候变化,粮食需求增加与水资源供应短缺之间的矛盾日益加剧。用水效率在优化水与碳管理方面发挥着更重要的作用。因此,通过在寿县国家观测站(一个典型的稻麦轮作站)进行为期 3 年的涡度协方差观测,评估了用水效率的昼夜和季节变化。结果表明,冬小麦和水稻的水分利用效率呈 "U "形昼夜变化规律。季节用水效率有两个峰值,其中冬小麦生长季节用水效率最高。稻麦轮作耕地的全年平均用水效率为 2.85 g C kg-1 H2O,冬小麦和水稻分别为 2.62 和 3.11 g C kg-1 H2O。不过,水稻的总初级生产力和蒸散量均高于冬小麦。温度和光合有效辐射是水稻生长期水分利用效率的主要影响因素。相对而言,土壤水分和蒸汽压力亏缺主导了冬小麦生长期水分利用效率的变化。我们的分析有助于了解稻麦轮作耕地田间碳同化对水分的需求。
Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Water Use Efficiency of Rice–Wheat Rotation Cropland in the Jianghuai River Basin of China
Rice–wheat rotation cropland is one of the most important agroecosystems in South China, the escalation of conflict between food demand augment and water supply shortage increased with climate change. Water use efficiency plays a more significant role in optimising water and carbon management. Thus, the diurnal and seasonal variations of water use efficiency were assessed by the 3-year eddy covariance observations in the Shouxian National Observatory, a typical rice–wheat rotation station. The results revealed a ‘U’-shaped diurnal pattern of water use efficiency for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seasonal water use efficiency had two peaks with the highest in the winter wheat-growing season. The average water use efficiency for the rice–wheat rotation cropland was 2.85 g C kg−1 H2O over the whole year with 2.62 and 3.11 g C kg−1 H2O for winter wheat and rice, respectively. However, gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration of rice were higher than those of winter wheat. Temperature, photosynthetically active radiation were the principal impact factors of water use efficiency in the rice-growing season. Comparatively, soil water and vapour pressure deficit dominated the water use efficiency changes in the winter wheat-growing season. Our analyses can help understand the water use requirements for carbon assimilation on rice–wheat rotation cropland on the field scale.
期刊介绍:
The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.