{"title":"掺杂高氧化钇的单色和多层部分稳定氧化锆在不同烧结参数下的颜色特征。","authors":"Niwut Juntavee, Apa Juntavee, Chutikarn Jaralpong","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787700","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong> Sintering influences the optical properties of zirconia. This study examined the effect of altering sintering temperature and time of monochrome (Mo) and multilayer (Mu) 5 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) on color characteristics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong> Three hundred specimens (width × length × thickness = 10 × 20 × 2 mm) were prepared from Mo and Mu (with cervical [C], middle [M], and incisal [I] region) 5Y-PSZ and randomly sintered at decreasing (Td: 1,450°C), regular (Tr: 1,500°C), and increasing (TI: 1,550°C) sintering temperature, with extremely short (He: 10 minutes), ultrashort (Hu: 15 minutes), short (Hs: 30 minutes), and regular (Hr: 135 minutes) sintering time (<i>n</i> = 15/group). Color appearance (<i>EW</i> ), translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), opalescence parameter (OP), and color appearance difference (∆<i>E</i> <sub>diff</sub>) were evaluated in the CIE L*a*b* system. Microstructures were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong> Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni comparisons were determined for significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Significant differences in color parameters upon zirconia type, sintering temperature, and sintering time, and their interactions were indicated (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Increasing sintering temperature and extended sintered time resulted in larger grain, reduced tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation, and significantly increased the TP and OP, but decreased the CR and ∆<i>E</i> <sub>diff</sub> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Decreasing sintering temperature and time led to clinically unacceptable color appearance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Mo was found to be more translucent than Mu. To achieve the most favorable optical properties, increasing sintering temperature and extending sintering time are recommended. Decreasing sintering temperature is not suggested. However, shortened sintering time is feasible, but it needs sintering with increasing sintering temperature to achieve a promising color appearance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"227-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750310/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Color Characteristics of High Yttrium Oxide-Doped Monochrome and Multilayer Partially Stabilized Zirconia upon Different Sintering Parameters.\",\"authors\":\"Niwut Juntavee, Apa Juntavee, Chutikarn Jaralpong\",\"doi\":\"10.1055/s-0044-1787700\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong> Sintering influences the optical properties of zirconia. This study examined the effect of altering sintering temperature and time of monochrome (Mo) and multilayer (Mu) 5 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) on color characteristics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong> Three hundred specimens (width × length × thickness = 10 × 20 × 2 mm) were prepared from Mo and Mu (with cervical [C], middle [M], and incisal [I] region) 5Y-PSZ and randomly sintered at decreasing (Td: 1,450°C), regular (Tr: 1,500°C), and increasing (TI: 1,550°C) sintering temperature, with extremely short (He: 10 minutes), ultrashort (Hu: 15 minutes), short (Hs: 30 minutes), and regular (Hr: 135 minutes) sintering time (<i>n</i> = 15/group). Color appearance (<i>EW</i> ), translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), opalescence parameter (OP), and color appearance difference (∆<i>E</i> <sub>diff</sub>) were evaluated in the CIE L*a*b* system. Microstructures were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong> Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni comparisons were determined for significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Significant differences in color parameters upon zirconia type, sintering temperature, and sintering time, and their interactions were indicated (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Increasing sintering temperature and extended sintered time resulted in larger grain, reduced tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation, and significantly increased the TP and OP, but decreased the CR and ∆<i>E</i> <sub>diff</sub> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Decreasing sintering temperature and time led to clinically unacceptable color appearance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Mo was found to be more translucent than Mu. To achieve the most favorable optical properties, increasing sintering temperature and extending sintering time are recommended. Decreasing sintering temperature is not suggested. However, shortened sintering time is feasible, but it needs sintering with increasing sintering temperature to achieve a promising color appearance.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12028,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"European Journal of Dentistry\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"227-239\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-02-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750310/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"European Journal of Dentistry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787700\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/6/28 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Dentistry\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Journal of Dentistry","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787700","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/6/28 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Dentistry","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：烧结会影响氧化锆的光学特性。本研究考察了改变单色（Mo）和多层（Mu）5 mol%钇局部稳定氧化锆（5Y-PSZ）的烧结温度和时间对颜色特性的影响：制备了三百个试样（宽 × 长 × 厚 = 10 × 20 × 2 mm），分别取自 Mo 和 Mu（含颈部 [C]、中部 [M] 和切缘 [I]）5Y-PSZ，并随机在递减（Td：烧结温度分别为 1,450°C、1,500°C 和 1,550°C，烧结时间分别为极短（He：10 分钟）、超短（Hu：15 分钟）、短（Hs：30 分钟）和正常（Hr：135 分钟）（n = 15/组）。用 CIE L*a*b* 系统评估了色相（EW ）、半透明参数（TP）、对比度（CR）、乳白参数（OP）和色相差异（ΔE diff）。微观结构通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和 X 射线衍射仪（XRD）进行评估：统计分析：采用方差分析（ANOVA）和 Bonferroni 比较法确定是否存在显著差异（P < 0.05）：结果表明，氧化锆类型、烧结温度和烧结时间以及它们之间的相互作用在颜色参数上存在显著差异（p E 差异）：发现 Mo 比 Mu 更透亮。为了获得最有利的光学特性，建议提高烧结温度和延长烧结时间。不建议降低烧结温度。然而，缩短烧结时间是可行的，但需要在提高烧结温度的同时进行烧结，以获得良好的颜色外观。
Color Characteristics of High Yttrium Oxide-Doped Monochrome and Multilayer Partially Stabilized Zirconia upon Different Sintering Parameters.
Objectives: Sintering influences the optical properties of zirconia. This study examined the effect of altering sintering temperature and time of monochrome (Mo) and multilayer (Mu) 5 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) on color characteristics.
Materials and methods: Three hundred specimens (width × length × thickness = 10 × 20 × 2 mm) were prepared from Mo and Mu (with cervical [C], middle [M], and incisal [I] region) 5Y-PSZ and randomly sintered at decreasing (Td: 1,450°C), regular (Tr: 1,500°C), and increasing (TI: 1,550°C) sintering temperature, with extremely short (He: 10 minutes), ultrashort (Hu: 15 minutes), short (Hs: 30 minutes), and regular (Hr: 135 minutes) sintering time (n = 15/group). Color appearance (EW ), translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), opalescence parameter (OP), and color appearance difference (∆Ediff) were evaluated in the CIE L*a*b* system. Microstructures were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).
Statistical analysis: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni comparisons were determined for significant differences (p < 0.05).
Results: Significant differences in color parameters upon zirconia type, sintering temperature, and sintering time, and their interactions were indicated (p < 0.05). Increasing sintering temperature and extended sintered time resulted in larger grain, reduced tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation, and significantly increased the TP and OP, but decreased the CR and ∆Ediff (p < 0.05). Decreasing sintering temperature and time led to clinically unacceptable color appearance.
Conclusion: Mo was found to be more translucent than Mu. To achieve the most favorable optical properties, increasing sintering temperature and extending sintering time are recommended. Decreasing sintering temperature is not suggested. However, shortened sintering time is feasible, but it needs sintering with increasing sintering temperature to achieve a promising color appearance.
期刊介绍：
The European Journal of Dentistry is the official journal of the Dental Investigations Society, based in Turkey. It is a double-blinded peer-reviewed, Open Access, multi-disciplinary international journal addressing various aspects of dentistry. The journal''s board consists of eminent investigators in dentistry from across the globe and presents an ideal international composition. The journal encourages its authors to submit original investigations, reviews, and reports addressing various divisions of dentistry including oral pathology, prosthodontics, endodontics, orthodontics etc. It is available both online and in print.
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