2021 年,印度西孟加拉邦农村地区因使用受污染的池塘水而爆发霍乱。

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES International journal of hygiene and environmental health Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114409
Dhiraj Roy , Tanima Roy Mondal , Pallavi Indwar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:2021 年 3 月 31 日,印度西孟加拉邦 Purba Bardhaman 区 Dangapara 村爆发了腹泻病。我们对疫情进行了调查,以估计疫情的严重程度,确定病原体和感染源,并指导预防控制措施:我们在 Dangapara 村积极寻找病例患者。我们在流行病学分析中排除了五岁以下儿童。我们按时间、地点和人员对疫情进行了描述。我们进行了病例对照研究,其中有 133 名对照者和 65 名病例。我们收集了不同来源的水样和病例患者的直肠拭子,并将其送往实验室进行化验:我们在 Dangapara 村的 330 名居民中发现了 95 名病例患者(发病率为 29%)。三份粪便样本霍乱弧菌呈阳性,两份池塘水样本受到大肠菌群污染。清洗餐具[调整后的几率比(AOR):69.8,(95% 置信区间(CI)6.5-749.5)]和在池塘水中洗澡[AOR:3.4,(95% 置信区间(CI)1.2-9)]与患病风险增加有关。约 97% 的病例与在池塘水中清洗餐具有关。结论:结论:由于使用受污染的池塘水清洗餐具和洗澡,Dangapara 村居民中爆发了霍乱。对病例的及时处理和立即停止使用池塘水阻止了疫情的爆发。
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Outbreak of cholera due to contaminated pond water utilisation in a rural area of West Bengal, India, 2021

Background

On March 31, 2021, an outbreak of diarrhoeal disease was reported in Dangapara village of Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal, India. The outbreak was investigated to estimate the magnitude, identify aetiological agents and source of infection, and guide prevention control measures.

Methods

We did an active search for case patients at Dangapara village. We excluded children under five years of age from the epidemiological analysis. We described the outbreak by time, place, and person. We conducted a case control study with 133 controls and 65 cases. Water samples from different sources and rectal swabs from case patients were collected and sent for laboratory investigations.

Results

We identified 95 case patients among 330 residents of Dangapara village (attack rate 29 %). Three stool samples were positive for Vibrio cholerae, and two pond water samples were contaminated with coliform organisms. Washing utensils [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 69.8, (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.5–749.5)] and taking a bath in pond water [AOR: 3.4, (95% CI 1.2–9)] were associated with increased risk of illness. About 97% of cases were attributed to washing utensils in pond water. Washing hands before taking food was associated with a lower risk of developing disease with AOR: 0.1 (95% CI 0.03–0.33).

Conclusion

A cholera outbreak occurred among residents of Dangapara village due to theuse of contaminated pond water for washing utensils and bathing. Prompt management of cases and immediate discontinuation of pond water use stopped the outbreak.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
5.00%
发文量
151
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.
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