益生菌鼠李糖乳杆菌 GG 在母猪模型中通过调节肠道微生物群和血清代谢物提高胰岛素敏感性和后代存活率

IF 6.3 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI:10.1186/s40104-024-01046-z
Tianle Gao, Ran Li, Liang Hu, Quanfang Hu, Hongmei Wen, Rui Zhou, Peiqiang Yuan, Xiaoling Zhang, Lingjie Huang, Yong Zhuo, Shengyu Xu, Yan Lin, Bin Feng, Lianqiang Che, De Wu, Zhengfeng Fang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:母猪在妊娠后期和哺乳期通常会出现胰岛素抵抗,导致采食量和产奶量降低,从而导致新生仔猪死亡率升高。众所周知,益生菌鼠李糖乳杆菌 GG(LGG)可改善胰岛素抵抗。然而,补充 LGG 是否能改善母猪的胰岛素敏感性并提高泌乳性能,尤其是提高后代的早期存活率,目前仍不清楚。因此,我们探讨了在妊娠后期和泌乳期补充 LGG 对母猪胰岛素敏感性、泌乳性能和后代存活率的影响和机制。共将 20 头母猪随机分配到 LGG 组(n = 10)和对照组(n = 10):结果:补充 LGG 能显著改善母猪妊娠后期和泌乳期的胰岛素敏感性,提高泌乳早期的采食量、产奶量和初乳乳糖水平,并提高新生仔猪的存活率。此外,LGG 治疗还能显著重塑母猪的肠道微生物群,特别是增加微生物群的多样性,丰富与胰岛素敏感性相关的益生菌(如乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和乳杆菌)的相对丰度。妊娠后期母猪血清代谢物和氨基酸分析还显示,补充 LGG 后,支链氨基酸和犬尿氨酸的血清水平有所下降。进一步的分析强调了 LGG 减轻妊娠晚期和哺乳期胰岛素抵抗与肠道微生物群重塑和血清氨基酸代谢变化之间的相关性。此外,母源性 LGG 增强了新生仔猪的免疫力,减少了炎症,并促进了肠道微生物群的建立:我们首次提供了证据,证明 LGG 可通过调节肠道微生物群和氨基酸代谢,减轻母猪的胰岛素抵抗并提高后代存活率。
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Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG improves insulin sensitivity and offspring survival via modulation of gut microbiota and serum metabolite in a sow model.

Background: Sows commonly experience insulin resistance in late gestation and lactation, causing lower feed intake and milk production, which can lead to higher mortality rates in newborn piglets. The probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is known to improve insulin resistance. However, whether supplementing LGG can improve insulin sensitivity in sows and enhance lactation performance, particularly the early survival of offspring remains unclear. Hence, we explored the effects and mechanisms of supplementing LGG during late gestation and lactation on sow insulin sensitivity, lactation performance, and offspring survival. In total, 20 sows were randomly allocated to an LGG (n = 10) and control group (n = 10).

Results: In sows, LGG supplementation significantly improved insulin sensitivity during late gestation and lactation, increased feed intake, milk production and colostrum lactose levels in early lactation, and enhanced newborn piglet survival. Moreover, LGG treatment significantly reshaped the gut microbiota in sows, notably increasing microbiota diversity and enriching the relative abundance of insulin sensitivity-associated probiotics such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides. Serum metabolite and amino acid profiling in late-gestation sows also revealed decreased branched-chain amino acid and kynurenine serum levels following LGG supplementation. Further analyses highlighted a correlation between mitigated insulin resistance in late pregnancy and lactation by LGG and gut microbiota reshaping and changes in serum amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, maternal LGG enhanced immunity in newborn piglets, reduced inflammation, and facilitated the establishment of a gut microbiota.

Conclusions: We provide the first evidence that LGG mitigates insulin resistance in sows and enhances offspring survival by modulating the gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism.

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