Mei Fang, Xiang Liu, Yuezhan Feng, Ming Huang, Chuntai Liu, Changyu Shen
{"title":"基于热可逆动态共价键的可再加工和可修复碳纤维增强玻璃聚合物复合材料","authors":"Mei Fang, Xiang Liu, Yuezhan Feng, Ming Huang, Chuntai Liu, Changyu Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110731","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The emergence of vitrimers breaks through the limitation of traditional carbon fiber reinforced thermoset composites (CFRP) caused by their permanent crosslinking molecular networks. Herein, the dynamic cross-linked network of vitrimer was synthesized from Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) and glutaric anhydride (GA) under the catalysis of zinc acetylacetonate (Zn(acac)<sub>2</sub>), and the corresponding carbon fiber reinforced vitrimer composites (CF/V<sub><em>x</em></sub>) were prepared via an impregnation and hot pressing process. The dynamic covalent adaptable networks (CANs) of vitrimer endow CF/V<sub><em>x</em></sub> with stress relaxation and creep characteristics. By adjusting the catalyst content, the dynamic performance of CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> can be optimized to achieve the highest viscous flow activation energy (60 kJ/mol) and the lowest characteristic relaxation time (1.0 × 10<sup>−3</sup> s). The unique dynamic properties enable CF/V<sub><em>x</em></sub> with reprocessability at high temperature. Typically, the flexural modulus of CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> decreased from 87 ± 1.81 GPa at room temperature to 4.62 ± 0.28 GPa at 220 °C, which confirms the feasibility of thermoplastic forming of CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> at high temperatures. Based on this, a CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub>-based cap-shaped component was successfully manufactured through a thermoforming process. Additionally, the CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> composites also exhibit repairability for interlaminar fractures. The optimal CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> can achieve a repair efficiency of 128 % under the hot press conditions of 180 °C, 10 MPa and 1 h. Hence, the reprocessable and repairable CF/V<sub><em>x</em></sub> composites hold enormous potential in the engineering field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Reprocessable and repairable carbon fiber reinforced vitrimer composites based on thermoreversible dynamic covalent bonding\",\"authors\":\"Mei Fang, Xiang Liu, Yuezhan Feng, Ming Huang, Chuntai Liu, Changyu Shen\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110731\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The emergence of vitrimers breaks through the limitation of traditional carbon fiber reinforced thermoset composites (CFRP) caused by their permanent crosslinking molecular networks. Herein, the dynamic cross-linked network of vitrimer was synthesized from Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) and glutaric anhydride (GA) under the catalysis of zinc acetylacetonate (Zn(acac)<sub>2</sub>), and the corresponding carbon fiber reinforced vitrimer composites (CF/V<sub><em>x</em></sub>) were prepared via an impregnation and hot pressing process. The dynamic covalent adaptable networks (CANs) of vitrimer endow CF/V<sub><em>x</em></sub> with stress relaxation and creep characteristics. By adjusting the catalyst content, the dynamic performance of CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> can be optimized to achieve the highest viscous flow activation energy (60 kJ/mol) and the lowest characteristic relaxation time (1.0 × 10<sup>−3</sup> s). The unique dynamic properties enable CF/V<sub><em>x</em></sub> with reprocessability at high temperature. Typically, the flexural modulus of CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> decreased from 87 ± 1.81 GPa at room temperature to 4.62 ± 0.28 GPa at 220 °C, which confirms the feasibility of thermoplastic forming of CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> at high temperatures. Based on this, a CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub>-based cap-shaped component was successfully manufactured through a thermoforming process. Additionally, the CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> composites also exhibit repairability for interlaminar fractures. The optimal CF/V<sub><em>0.05</em></sub> can achieve a repair efficiency of 128 % under the hot press conditions of 180 °C, 10 MPa and 1 h. Hence, the reprocessable and repairable CF/V<sub><em>x</em></sub> composites hold enormous potential in the engineering field.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":283,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Composites Science and Technology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":8.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Composites Science and Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266353824003014\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Composites Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266353824003014","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Reprocessable and repairable carbon fiber reinforced vitrimer composites based on thermoreversible dynamic covalent bonding
The emergence of vitrimers breaks through the limitation of traditional carbon fiber reinforced thermoset composites (CFRP) caused by their permanent crosslinking molecular networks. Herein, the dynamic cross-linked network of vitrimer was synthesized from Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) and glutaric anhydride (GA) under the catalysis of zinc acetylacetonate (Zn(acac)2), and the corresponding carbon fiber reinforced vitrimer composites (CF/Vx) were prepared via an impregnation and hot pressing process. The dynamic covalent adaptable networks (CANs) of vitrimer endow CF/Vx with stress relaxation and creep characteristics. By adjusting the catalyst content, the dynamic performance of CF/V0.05 can be optimized to achieve the highest viscous flow activation energy (60 kJ/mol) and the lowest characteristic relaxation time (1.0 × 10−3 s). The unique dynamic properties enable CF/Vx with reprocessability at high temperature. Typically, the flexural modulus of CF/V0.05 decreased from 87 ± 1.81 GPa at room temperature to 4.62 ± 0.28 GPa at 220 °C, which confirms the feasibility of thermoplastic forming of CF/V0.05 at high temperatures. Based on this, a CF/V0.05-based cap-shaped component was successfully manufactured through a thermoforming process. Additionally, the CF/V0.05 composites also exhibit repairability for interlaminar fractures. The optimal CF/V0.05 can achieve a repair efficiency of 128 % under the hot press conditions of 180 °C, 10 MPa and 1 h. Hence, the reprocessable and repairable CF/Vx composites hold enormous potential in the engineering field.
期刊介绍:
Composites Science and Technology publishes refereed original articles on the fundamental and applied science of engineering composites. The focus of this journal is on polymeric matrix composites with reinforcements/fillers ranging from nano- to macro-scale. CSTE encourages manuscripts reporting unique, innovative contributions to the physics, chemistry, materials science and applied mechanics aspects of advanced composites.
Besides traditional fiber reinforced composites, novel composites with significant potential for engineering applications are encouraged.