An extensive evaluation of laser tissue welding and soldering biotechnologies: Recent advancements, progress, and applications

In the rapidly advancing field of modern medicine, despite the availability of sophisticated techniques, suturing remains a fundamental procedure in both surgical and internal medicine operations. However, this traditional method inevitably gives rise to issues such as inflammation, fibrosis, or secondary damage. Laser tissue welding and soldering technologies offer a non-contact approach to surgical suturing with advantages including simplicity of operation, reduced fibrosis tendency, and ensured wound closure strength. Nevertheless, its applications have been attempts at clinical trials but no actual implementation. The development and implementation of this technique have the potential to revolutionize both internal and external surgery by enabling automated suture placement. This holds significant importance for ensuring suture quality and postoperative performance. This article provides a detailed summary and discussion on the current applications of this biotechnologies in various organ systems within the human body, as well as an exploration into the interaction mechanisms between tissues and lasers. Additionally, it presents a comprehensive analysis and discussion on laser types suitable for bio tissue laser soldering. Prospects for addressing tissue fibrosis resulting from laser contactless suturing are also explored. These insights will serve as valuable references and guidance for future advancements in utilizing lasers as viable alternatives in human surgical suturing.