Pilar Lorenzo , Rafael Reyes , Evangelina Medrano , Rosa Granados , Santiago Bonachela , Joaquín Hernández , Juan C. López , Juan J. Magán , Francisco M. del Amor , M. Cruz Sánchez-Guerrero
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The experiment was carried out in two identical greenhouses at the IFAPA La Mojonera research center in Almeria (SE Spain): one greenhouse with the hybrid passive system of cooling and heating, in combination with a shading/thermal screen, and another (reference greenhouse) using common local greenhouse climate management practices. Evaporative screens, in combination with a movable shading screen, improved the greenhouse climate, in particular the air vapour pressure deficit, and increased the leaf area index in the early stages of the crop, which, in turn, increased the early production of leaf and shoot dry matter and marketable fruit, compared to the reference greenhouse crop. In addition, the combined use of water-filled sleeves and thermal screen during the cold growth period increased greenhouse air temperatures, especially at night, and substrate temperatures. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
地中海地区低技术、无暖气温室的小气候与当地室外气候相关联,在温暖和寒冷的生长季节往往超出大多数园艺作物的最佳范围。在珍珠岩种植袋中种植的具有代表性的夏季移栽甜椒作物上,对使用新型被动冷却(蒸发屏)和加热(注水套管)混合系统,并结合内部可移动遮阳/隔热屏进行了评估。实验在位于阿尔梅里亚(西班牙东南部)的 IFAPA La Mojonera 研究中心的两个相同温室中进行:一个温室采用混合被动式制冷和加热系统,并结合遮阳/保温幕;另一个温室(参考温室)采用当地常见的温室气候管理方法。与参考温室作物相比,蒸发网与活动遮阳网相结合,改善了温室气候,特别是空气蒸汽压力不足,提高了作物早期阶段的叶面积指数,进而提高了叶片和嫩枝干物质的早期产量以及可上市果实的产量。此外,在寒冷生长期结合使用注水套管和保温幕还能提高温室气温(尤其是夜间)和基质温度。总之,通过改善温暖和寒冷生长期的温室小气候,混合被动降温/加热系统与遮阳/保温幕相结合,使夏季移栽甜椒作物的可上市产量提高了 25%,灌溉用水量减少了 8%,灌溉用水效率提高了 20%(包括用于蒸发幕加湿的潜在用水)。
Hybrid passive cooling and heating system for Mediterranean greenhouses. Microclimate and sweet pepper crop response
The microclimate of low-tech, unheated greenhouses in Mediterranean areas, associated with the local outdoor climate, is often outside the optimal range for most horticultural crops during both the warm and cold growing season. The use of a new hybrid system of passive cooling (evaporative screens) and heating (water-filled sleeves), in combination with an internal movable shading/thermal screen, was evaluated on a representative summer transplanted sweet pepper crop grown in perlite growing bags. The experiment was carried out in two identical greenhouses at the IFAPA La Mojonera research center in Almeria (SE Spain): one greenhouse with the hybrid passive system of cooling and heating, in combination with a shading/thermal screen, and another (reference greenhouse) using common local greenhouse climate management practices. Evaporative screens, in combination with a movable shading screen, improved the greenhouse climate, in particular the air vapour pressure deficit, and increased the leaf area index in the early stages of the crop, which, in turn, increased the early production of leaf and shoot dry matter and marketable fruit, compared to the reference greenhouse crop. In addition, the combined use of water-filled sleeves and thermal screen during the cold growth period increased greenhouse air temperatures, especially at night, and substrate temperatures. Overall, by improving the greenhouse microclimate during the warm and cold growth periods, the hybrid passive cooling/heating system, in combination with the shading/thermal screen, increased the marketable yield of a summer transplanted sweet pepper crop by 25 %, reduced the irrigation water supply by 8 %, and improved the irrigation water use efficiency by 20 % (including the potential water used to humidify the evaporative screens).
期刊介绍:
Agricultural Water Management publishes papers of international significance relating to the science, economics, and policy of agricultural water management. In all cases, manuscripts must address implications and provide insight regarding agricultural water management.